Suchergebnisse

Cover -- CONTENTS -- AT A GLANCE -- THE SETTING -- A. Recent Indicators -- B. Baseline Outlook -- C. Risks Around the Baseline -- MACROECONOMIC POLICIES -- A. Fiscal and Public Debt Management Policy -- B. Monetary, Exchange Rate, and Reserve Management Policy -- C. Macroprudential and Capital Flow Management Policy -- FINANCIAL SECTOR OVERSIGHT -- A. Financial Oversight Architecture Reform -- B. Strengthening the AML/CFT Framework -- STRUCTURAL REFORMS -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- BOXES -- 1. Revised Fiscal Policy Statement and Medium-Term Plan -- 2. External Sector Assessment -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic Indicators, 2015-24 -- 2. Money and Banking, 2015-24 -- 3. Financial Soundness Indicators, 2015Q4-19Q3 -- 4. General Government Operations, 2015-24 -- 5. General Government Financial Balance Sheet, 2015-24 -- 6. Balance of Payments, 2015-24 -- 7. International Investment Position, 2009-18 -- ANNEXES -- I. Responses to Past Policy Recommendations -- II. Risk Assessment Matrix -- III. Public Sector Debt Sustainability Analysis -- IV. External Debt Sustainability Analysis -- V. The Real Estate Market in Iceland -- VI. Foreign Reserves and the Build-up of Excess Structural Liquidity -- VII. Iceland's Financial Oversight Architecture Reform -- VIII. Strengthening Iceland's AML/CFT Framework -- CONTENTS -- FUND RELATIONS -- STATISTICAL ISSUES.

Cover -- CONTENTS -- ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONTEXT -- OUTLOOK AND RISKS -- POLICY DISCUSSIONS -- A. Fiscal Policy -- B. Financial Stability -- C. Supply Side Reforms -- D. Other Issues -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- BOXES -- 1. ECCU Balance of Payment Data Revision -- 2. Labor Market Developments -- 3. Climate Change Preparedness and Resilience to Natural Disasters -- FIGURES -- 1. Recent Economic Developments -- 2. Unemployment and the Labor Market -- 3. External Developments -- 4. Monetary Developments -- 5. Fiscal Developments -- 6. Financial Sector Developments -- TABLES -- 1. Economic and Financial Indicators 2014-2023 -- 2a. Operations of the Central Government, 2014-2023 (In EC million) -- 2b. Operations of the Central Government, 2014-2023 (In percent of GDP) -- 3. Public Sector Debt, 2015-2017 -- 4. External and Domestic Arrears, 2016-2017 -- 5. Balance of Payments Summary, 2014-2023 -- 6 Summary Accounts of the Monetary Sector, 2014-2023 -- 7. Indicators of Capacity to Repay the Fund, 2014-2023 -- 8. Financial Sector Indicators 2010-2017 -- ANNEXES -- I. Implementation of IMF Policy Recommendations of the 2016 Article IV Consultation -- II. Risk Assessment Matrix -- III. External Sector and Competitiveness Assessment -- IV. Public Investment Management -- CONTENTS -- FUND RELATIONS -- RELATIONS WITH OTHER INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS -- STATISTICAL ISSUES.

"Proceeding on a limited number of general, widely accepted equity criteria, the authors develop a proposal for distributing common resources. In particular, the proposed fair division mechanism is individually rational, envyfree, Pareto-efficient and satisfies the stand alone test, which follows as a minimum requirement from the resource and population monotonicity criteria. Applied to international climate policy, the thrust of this proposal is that the South should initially be fully compensated by the North for the greenhouse gas abatement measures it is to undertake as a result of efficiency considerations. When the Kyoto Protocol is ratified, the proposal developed could become part of the distributive mechanism of a fair and effective climate policy." (author's abstract)

The International Lake Constance Conference, which is the Conference of the heads of governments of the countries and cantons bordering Lake Constance, has given its "Education, Science and Research" Commission the task of developing a cross-frontiers collaboration between the universities and other institutions of higher education around Lake Constance. This means that individual institutions in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland are currently co-operating with one another in order to make cross-frontiers courses available to their students in addition to their own individual courses, thus enabling them to gain a qualification which is recognised in a number of countries. On 1st September 1999, a business office was set up on the premises of the Constance University of Applied Sciences with the task of drawing the network of the "International University of Lake Constance", or "Internationale Bodenseehochschule", closer together and to explain it to interested target groups.

Im Jahr 2000 bemerkte Wilfried Loth, dass unter deutschen Historikerinnen und Historikern bislang selten systematisch über Internationale Geschichte nachgedacht worden sei. Bis heute ist mit dem Ansatz der Internationalen Geschichte des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts eher eine Perspektive auf die "große Politik" und auf die klassische Diplomatiegeschichte verbunden. Daran hat auch die inzwischen weitgehend etablierte Umbenennung der "Geschichte der internationalen Beziehungen" in "Internationale Geschichte" nur wenig geändert. Die Bände, die in der von Loth gemeinsam mit Eckart Conze, Anselm Doering-Manteuffel, Jost Dülffer und Jürgen Osterhammel seit 1996 herausgegebenen Reihe "Studien zur Internationalen Geschichte" erschienen sind, öffneten sich zwar durchaus sozial- und kulturhistorischen Ansätzen. Das Repertoire der Globalgeschichtsschreibung ist hier aber noch nicht ausgeschöpft worden. Innovative globalhistorische Monographien, wie beispielsweise Sebastian Conrads Untersuchung zu "Globalisierung und Nation im Deutschen Kaiserreich", liegen für die deutsche Zeitgeschichtsforschung noch nicht vor. Für das 'lange 19. Jahrhundert' hat Conrad es verstanden, gerade das Deutsche Kaiserreich als nationales Gebilde in den Bezugsrahmen Internationaler Geschichte einzuspannen und hierbei den deutschen Nationalismus "auch als Produkt und Effekt von Interaktionen, Austausch und Zirkulation innerhalb einer zunehmend vernetzten Welt" zu analysieren.