Suchergebnisse

"This is the first book to bring a philosophical lens to issues of socio-political and cultural importance in twenty-first century Ireland. While the social, political, and economic landscape of contemporary Ireland has inspired extensive scholarly debate both within and well beyond the field of Irish Studies, there is a distinct lack of philosophical voices in these discussions. The aim of this volume is to enrich the fields of Philosophy and Irish Studies by encouraging a manifestly philosophical exploration of contemporary issues and concerns. The essays in this volume collectively address diverse philosophical questions on contemporary Ireland by exploring a variety of themes, including: diaspora, exile, return; women's bodies and autonomy; historic injustices and national healing; remembering and commemoration; institutionalisation and containment; colonialism and Ireland as "home"; conflict and violence; Northern Ireland and the peace process; nationalism, patriotism, and masculinities; ethnicity, immigration, and identity; and translation, art and culture. Philosophical Perspectives on Contemporary Ireland marks a significant contribution to contemporary theorizations of Ireland by incorporating both Irish and transatlantic perspectives. It will appeal to a broad audience of scholars and advanced students working in philosophy, Irish Studies, feminist theory, history, legal studies, and literary theory. Beyond academia, it will also engage those interested in contemporary Ireland from policy and civil society perspectives."--

"This book is a fresh examination of Rabindranath Tagore's ideas on nationalism and his rhetoric of cosmopolitanism. It critically analyses the poetics and the politics of his works and specifically responds to Tagore's three lectures on nationalism delivered during the early years of the twentieth century, and later compiled in his book Nationalism (1917). This volume: Discusses Tagore's perception of nationalism - the many-sidedness of his engagement with nationalism; the root causes of his anathema against the ideology; ambiguities and limitations associated with his perception; and his alternative vision of cosmopolitanism or global unity; Cross-examines an alternative view of cosmopolitanism based on Tagore's inclusivist ideology to 'seek my compatriots all over the world'. Explores how his ideas on nationalism and cosmopolitanism found myriad expressions across his works - in prose, fiction, poetry, travelogue, songs - as well as in the legacy of cinematic adaptations of his writings; Investigates the relevance of Tagore's thoughts on nationalism and cosmopolitanism in relation to the contemporary rise of religious, nationalist and sectarian violence in the 21st century. A key study on the relevance of Tagore's political philosophy in the contemporary world with contributions from eminent Tagore scholars in South Asia as well as the West, this book will be of great interest to readers and researchers in the fields of literature, political science, cultural studies, philosophy and Asian studies"--

How do warlords survive and even thrive in contexts that are explicitly set up to undermine them? How do they rise after each fall? Warlord Survival answers these questions. Drawing on hundreds of in-depth interviews in Afghanistan between 2007 and 2018, with ministers, governors, a former vice-president, warlords and their entourages, opposition leaders, diplomats, NGO workers, and local journalists and researchers, Romain Malejacq provides a full investigation of how warlords adapt and explains why weak states like Afghanistan allow it to happen. Malejacq follows the careers of four warlords in Herat, Sheberghan, and Panjshir: Ismail Khan, Abdul Rashid Dostum, Ahmad Shah Massoud, and Mohammad Qasim Fahim. He shows how they have successfully negotiated complicated political environments to survive ever since the beginning of the Soviet-Afghan war. The picture he paints in Warlord Survival is one of astute political entrepreneurs with a proven ability to organize violence. Warlords exert authority through a process in which they combine, instrumentalize, and convert different forms of power to prevent the emergence of a strong, centralized state. But, as Malejacq shows, the personal relationships and networks fundamental to the authority of Ismail Khan, Dostum, Massoud, and Fahim are not necessarily contrary to bureaucratic state authority. In fact, these four warlords, and others like them, offer durable and flexible forms of power in unstable, violent countries.

A chronicle about the incredible life path of Aldo Marín, a Chilean revolutionary unknown to this day. Early on Thursday, August 5, 1977 two young people died in Turin when they tried to commit an attack against the newspaper La Stampa. They are the "years of lead", and Italy is mired in a political-social crisis. One of the authors of the failed attack is Chilean and, during the previous days, detonated bombs in different Italian cities. The tragedy of Turin put an end to a brief and vertiginous revolutionary trajectory. Juan Cristóbal Guarello narrates in this chronicle the incredible life trajectory of Aldo Marín, a young man from the north of Chile who, due to unlikely circumstances, was part of the political process carried out by the Unidad Popular. Escaping the secret police and exiled in Mexico, the protagonist came to Cuba to be part of a military elite that will aim to return to the country to execute Pinochet. The arrival of Carlos Altamirano in Havana at the beginning of 1974 ruined this crazy and desperate plan. The story - and the detailed investigation carried out by the author - is then transferred to Italy, where Marín and his comrades-in-arms met with violence and armed insurrection that, in the case of some of them, led them to radicalize.

In 1996, the Guatemalan civil war ended with the signing of the Peace Accords, facilitated by the United Nations and promoted as a beacon of hope for a country with a history of conflict. Twenty years later, the new era of political protest in Guatemala is highly complex and contradictory: the persistence of colonialism, fraught indigenous-settler relations, political exclusion, corruption, criminal impunity, gendered violence, judicial procedures conducted under threat, entrenched inequality, as well as economic fragility. Human and Environmental Justice in Guatemala examines the complexities of the quest for justice in Guatemala, and the realities of both new forms of resistance and long-standing obstacles to the rule of law in the human and environmental realms. Written by prominent scholars and activists, this book explores high-profile trials, the activities of foreign mining companies, attempts to prosecute war crimes, and cultural responses to injustice in literature, feminist performance art and the media. The challenges to human and environmental capacities for justice are constrained, or facilitated, by factors that shape culture, politics, society, and the economy. The contributors to this volume include Guatemalans such as the human rights activist Helen Mack Chang, the environmental journalist Magalí Rey Rosa, former Guatemalan Attorney General Claudia Paz y Paz, as well as widely published Guatemala scholars.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction: definitions and conceptual framework -- Introduction -- Definitions and conceptual framework -- Methodology and structure of the book -- 2 Clemency, civil accord and reconciliation: the evolution of Algeria's deradicalization process -- Introduction -- The Algerian state's developmental capacity: the roots of failure -- Evolution of faith-based organizations in Algeria -- Violence, deradicalization and reconciliation -- Conclusion -- 3 The rise of religious-based radicalism and the deradicalization programme in Bangladesh -- Introduction -- The social, cultural and political context -- The nature of the terrorist threat -- The deradicalization and counter-radicalization programme -- Other related programmes -- The new government initiative -- Conclusion -- 4 Group deradicalization in Egypt: the unfinished agenda -- Introduction -- A history of extremism and deradicalization -- The deradicalization of the IG and al-Jihad -- The role of the Egyptian state in the deradicalization process -- An unfinished agenda -- Is deradicalization in Egypt durable? -- 5 Jordan's response to jihadi salafism -- Introduction -- 1946-69: the rise of Arab nationalism and Muslim Brotherhood -- Jordanization: planting the roots of radicalization: 1971-89 -- Feigned democracy, rise of political Islam and fundamentalism: 1989-2010 -- The emergence of Jordanian jihadi salafism -- New regime, old approach: Jordan's response to terrorism -- Evaluating Jordan's counter-terrorism efforts -- 6 Malaysia: a history of dealing with insurgency and extremism -- Introduction -- Lessons from the Communist Insurgency -- The nature of the current violent extremist threat -- Malaysia's deradicalization programme -- Counter-radicalization in Malaysia

In the eighteenth century, the Cul de Sac plain in Saint-Domingue, now Haiti, was a vast open-air workhouse of sugar plantations. This microhistory of one plantation owned by the Ferron de la Ferronnayses, a family of Breton nobles, draws on remarkable archival finds to show that despite the wealth such plantations produced, they operated in a context of social, political, and environmental fragility that left them weak and crisis prone. Focusing on correspondence between the Ferronnayses and their plantation managers, 'Cul de Sac' proposes that the Caribbean plantation system, with its reliance on factory-like production processes and highly integrated markets, was a particularly modern expression of eighteenth-century capitalism. But it rested on a foundation of economic and political traditionalism that stymied growth and adaptation. The result was a system heading toward collapse as planters, facing a series of larger crises in the French empire, vainly attempted to rein in the inherent violence and instability of the slave society they had built. In recovering the lost world of the French Antillean plantation, 'Cul de Sac' ultimately reveals how the capitalism of the plantation complex persisted not as a dynamic source of progress, but from the inertia of a degenerate system headed down an economic and ideological dead end.

Introduction. Les classes moyennes en Afrique, expressions imaginées des nouveaux. - enjeux d'un continent en pleine mutation / Dominique Darbon. - 1. Nom de code « Classes moyennes en Afrique » : les enjeux politiques d'une labellisation de groupes invisibles et vulnérables / Dominique Darbon. - 2. Les « classes moyennes » éthiopiennes dans le developmental state : un groupe stratégique sans stratégie de groupe? / Clélie Nallet. - 3. Du microsocial à la macropolitique. Le quartier de Protea Glen (Soweto, Johannesbourg) comme cas d'étude du rapport au politique des « nouvelles classes moyennes noires » / Élodie Escusa. - 4. The Middle Class and Political Stability: The Beninese Experience / John R. Heilbrunn. - 5. Middle classes and political instability in Kenya: Civil society organizations during the post-election violence of 2007/8 / Antje Daniel et Dieter Neubert. - 6. Ghana : la stabilité politique : une affaire de classe moyenne ou un partage du pouvoir par une élite de "professionals" ? / Jamilla Hamidu. - 7. La mobilisation politique de la classe moyenne ougandaise : les tactiques hésitantes de la pesanteur politique / Anna Fichtmüller. - 8. Corps habillés et stabilité politique au Togo : l'esprit de corps d'une catégorie sociale en uniforme Comi M. Toulabor. - 9. Les fonctionnaires comme classes moyennes paradoxales : l'exemple de la Guinée / Dominique Darbon et Claire Dedieu. - Conclusion générale. Classes moyennes en Afrique : une catégorisation incohérente permettant de suivre les nouvelles dynamiques sociales en cours / Dominique Darbon et Claire Dedieu

Public institutions play a critical role in promoting gender-sensitive policies and gender equalitymore broadly, in the MENA region and around the world. Advancing gender balance in public institutions and public life more generally, including the judiciary, parliaments, and the political executive constitutes a major step towards gender-responsive policies and non-discrimination and serves as a key milestone in promoting gender equality. This report provides a comparative overview of the policies affecting women's participation in public life across the MENA region. It examines the existing barriers to women's access to public decision-making positions, and provides a cross-country assessment of current instruments and institutions to advance women's empowerment in the MENA region. The report undertakes an analysis of the existing legal barriers for gender equality in public life, including with regard to political and economic rights, freedom of movement, labour law, family law, access to justice and gender-based violence and provides focused policy-recommendations to close legal and institutional gaps. The report has been prepared by the OECD, in partnership with Centre for Arab Women Training and Research (CAWTAR) and with the support of the Arab Administrative Development Organisation (ARADO) and covers the following countries: Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, the Palestinian Authority, Jordan, Lebanon, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

Introduction : creating and contesting Carolina / Michelle LeMaster and Bradford J. Wood -- Defining Carolina : cartography and colonization in the North American Southeast, 1657-1733 / S. Max Edelson -- Venturing out : the Barbadian diaspora and the Carolina Colony, 1650-1685 / Justin Roberts and Ian Beamish -- Dr. Henry Woodward's role in early Carolina Indian relations / Eric E. Bowne -- The economic philosophies of Indian trade regulation policy in early South Carolina / Jessica Stern -- "Cutting one anothers throats" : British, Native, and African violence in early Carolina / Matthew Jennings -- "Before long to be good friends" : diplomatic perspectives of the Tuscarora War / Stephen Feeley -- War, masculinity, and alliances on the Carolina frontiers / Michelle LeMaster -- Histories of the "Tuscarora War" / James Taylor Carson -- Thomas Pollock and the making of an Albemarle plantation world / Bradford J. Wood -- Diversity in the slave trade to the colonial Carolinas / Gregory E. O'Malley -- Marooned : politics and revolution in the Bahamas islands and Carolina / Alexander Moore -- "The proprietors can't undertake for what they will do" : a political interpretation of the South Carolina revolution of 1719 / Hanno T. Scheerer -- Protecting the rights of Englishmen : the rise and fall of Carolina's piratical -- Forging alliances : the impact of the Tuscarora War on North Carolina's political leadership / Christine Styrna Devine -- "The Indians that live about Pon Pon" : John and Mary Musgrove and the making of a Creek Indian community in South Carolina, 1717-1732 / Steven C. Hahn

"Since independence in 1963, Kenya has survived nearly five decades as a functioning nation-state, with regular elections, its borders intact and without experiencing war or military rule. However, Kenya's independence has always been circumscribed by its failure to transcend its colonial past; its governments have failed to achieve adequate living conditions for most of its citizens; and its politics have been fraught with controversy - illustrated most recently by the post-election protests and violence in 2007. The decisions of the early years of independence, and the acts of its leaders in the decades since - from Jomo Kenyatta, Tom Mboya and Oginga Odinga to Daniel arap Moi and Mwai Kibaki - have changed the country's path in unpredictable ways, but key themes of conflicts remain: over land, tribalism - including the simmering Kikuyu-Luo rivalries - money, power, national autonomy and the distribution of resources. The political elite's endless struggle for access to state resources has damaged Kenya's economy and the political exploitation of ethnicity still threatens the country's stability. In this definitive new history, Charles Hornsby demonstrates how independent Kenya's politics have been dominated by a struggle to deliver security, impartiality, efficiency and growth, but how the legacies of the past have continued to undermine their achievement, making the long-term future of Kenya far from certain."--

"After decades of bloodshed and political terror, many lament the rise of the left in Latin America. Since the triumph of Castro, politicians and historians have accused the left there of rejecting democracy, embracing communist totalitarianism, and prompting both revolutionary violence and a right-wing backlash. Through unprecedented archival research and gripping personal testimonies, Greg Grandin powerfully challenges these views in this classic work. In doing so, he uncovers the hidden history of the Latin American Cold War: of hidebound reactionaries holding on to their power and privilege; of Mayan Marxists blending indigenous notions of justice with universal ideas of equality; and of a United States supporting new styles of state terror throughout the region. With Guatemala as his case study, Grandin argues that the Latin American Cold War was a struggle not between political liberalism and Soviet communism but two visions of democracy -- one vibrant and egalitarian, the other tepid and unequal -- and that the conflict's main effect was to eliminate homegrown notions of social democracy. Updated with a new preface by the author and an interview with Naomi Klein, The Last Colonial Massacre is history of the highest order -- a work that will dramatically recast our understanding of Latin American politics and the role of the United States in the Cold War and beyond." --From publisher.

"As countries in Asia try to create unified polities, many face challenges from minority groups within their own borders seeking independence. This volume brings together international experts on countries in all regions of Asia to debate how differently they have responded to this problem. Why have some Asian countries, for example, clamped down on their national minorities in favour of homogeneity, whereas others have been willing to accommodate statehood or at least some form of political autonomy? Together they suggest broad patterns and explanatory factors that are rooted in the domestic arena, including state structure and regime type, as well as historical trajectories. In particular, they find that the paths to independence, as well as the cultural elements that have been selected to define post-colonial identities, have decisively influenced state strategies. This is a global phenomenon - and the book explains the broader theoretical and political implications - but violence and ethnic unrest have been particularly prevalent in Asia, and this is as true of China in its relationship to Tibet, as of Burma and Sri Lanka in relation to their national minorities. As the first book to analyse this phenomenon across Asia, it will attract a readership of students and scholars across a broad range of disciplines"--Provided by publisher

Fifty years after Oscar Lewis's famous depiction of five Mexican families caught in a "culture of poverty," Caroline Moser tells a very different story of five neighborhood women and their families strategically accumulating assets to escape poverty in the Ecuadoran city of Guayaquil. In Ordinary Families, Extraordinary Lives, Moser shows how a more sophisticated understanding of the complexities of asset accumulation as well as poverty itself can help counter inaccurate stereotypes about global poverty. It provides invaluable insight into strategies that may help people in developing countries improve their wellbeing. The similar socioeconomic characteristics and economic circumstances of the Guayaquil families in 1978, when Moser began her research, set the stage for a natural experiment. By 2004, these circumstances varied widely. Moser captures the causes and consequences of these developments through economic data, anthropological narrative, and personal photos. She then places this compelling story within the broader context of political, economic, and spatial changes in Guayaquil and Ecuador. Moser describes how households in a Third World urban slum relentlessly and systematically fought to accumulate human, social, and financial capital assets. Her longitudinal account of their odyssey captures long-term trends and changes in perception that are missed in snapshot assessments. Chapters in this holistic story cover diverse issues such as housing and infrastructure, community mobilization and political negotiation, employment, family dynamics, violence, and emigration.

Introduction : Israeli women's studies / Esther Fuchs -- The Zionist women's movement in Palestine, 1911-1927 : a sociological analysis / Dafna N. Izraeli -- Manya Wilbushewitz-Shohat and the winding road to Sejera / Shulamit Reinharz -- Daughters of the nation : between the public and the private spheres in pre-state Israel / Deborah S. Bernstein -- From zero to hero : masculinity in Jewish nationalism / Tamar Mayer -- Bearers of the collective : women and religious legislation in Israel / Nira Yuval-Davis -- Paradoxes and social boundaries : ultra-orthodox Jewish women and their world / Tamar El-Or -- The ritualized body : brides, purity, and the mikveh / Susan Sered -- The status of women in kibbutz society / Judith Buber Agassi -- Growing up female and Palestinian / Manar Hassan ; translated by Sharon Beéman -- Between the flag and the banner : dilemmas in the political life of Israeli women / Yael Yishai -- Homefront and battlefront : the status of Jewish and Palestinian women in Israel / Hanna Herzog -- Homefront as battlefront : gender, military occupation, and violence against women / Simona Sharoni -- Citizens of the state and political women / Ayala Emmett -- Gender performance in a changing military : women soldiers in "masculine" roles / Orna Sasson-Levy -- Amalia Kahana-Carmon and contemporary Hebrew women's fiction / Esther Fuchs -- Making the silences speak in Israeli cinema / Ella Shohat -- The woman as other in Israeli cinema / Orly Lubin -- Feminism under siege : the vicarious selves of Israeli women writers / Yael S. Feldman