Suchergebnisse

Assesses development of European Union's policy on fighting terrorism; outlines informal and institutionalized counterterrorism, Trevi mechanisms, Europol, prevention and prosecution of terrorism, extradition of terrorists, outlook, and other issues. Summary in English p. 8.

This study examines how the institutional provisions of the Nice Treaty and the constitutional reform of the European Union (EU) will affect agricultural decision-making in the enlarged EU. Although the agricultural sector is a core EU policy domain, we have little knowledge about the effects of institutional reform following the accession of 10 relatively small and poor countries, each having a large primary sector. Based on an input–output taxation model, we identify the positions of old and new member states in the twodimensional space of EU agricultural politics. This allows us to investigate whether and how Council decision-making will change if the Nice Treaty's provisions for qualified majority voting are replaced by those of the draft constitution of 2004. Our analysis shows that the constitution is an advance providing for more policy change but it falls behind the Laeken proposal, which would have effectively reformed EU agricultural decision-making.

Data from the 1999-2000 European Values Study are used to investigate the impact of national welfare spending on the public's relative concern for immigrants vis-a-vis 3 other needy groups: the elderly, the sick & disabled, & the unemployed. In a comparative analysis of 18 European countries (total N = 21,857 adults), the effects of individual- vs country-level variables on relative concern for immigrants are demonstrated & explained in terms of theories of economic self-interest & cultural ideology. Tables, Figures. K. Hyatt Stewart

Starting in Wuhan in December 2019, and making its way all the way to Rome and New York in April 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has put the states, alliances and others, square in the face of a serious challenge. However, the question that happens to be a stumbling block this time has never been posed as a problem or obstacle before – the question of public health; a question that has taught the European Union a lesson about what is a top priority and how all the other policies, plans and strategies may seem unimportant overnight. This paper provides an analysis on how the European Union coped with the global threat given its limited legal possibilities, and the unprecedented situation of its Member States becoming the second outbreak point of the pandemic. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic, once again, has opened up the question of solidarity and the coherence within the EU. The conclusions drawn from this research are of great importance as a way to show whether the EU will come out of this situation with a positive outcome, confi rming its values of solidarity and coherence, or whether it will have to undertake drastic reforms in order to consolidate the latter.

COVID-19 has proven to be a formidable challenge for many countries in the European Union to manage effectively. The European Union has implemented numerous strategies to face emerging issues. Member States have adopted measures such as the closure of borders and significant limitations on the mobility of people to mitigate the spread of the virus. An unprecedented crisis coordination effort between Member States has facilitated the ability to purchase equipment, personal protective equipment, and other medical supplies. Attention has also been focused on providing substantive money for research to find a vaccine and promote effective treatment therapies. Financial support has been made available to protect worker salaries and businesses to help facilitate a return to a functional economy. Lessons learned to date from COVID-19 in the European Union are many ; the current crisis highlights the need to think about future pandemics from a population-based management approach and apply outside the box critical thinking. Due to the complexity, intensity, and frequency of complex disasters, global leaders in healthcare, government, and business will need to pivot from siloed approaches to decision-making to embrace multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary levels of cooperation. This cooperation requires courage and leadership to recognize that changes are necessary to avoid making the same mistakes we have planned countless times on avoiding. This study focuses on the European Union&rsquo ; s initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic, starting with how the European Union first learned and processed the global information arising out of China, followed by the incremental population-based medicine/management decisions made that currently are defining the European Union&rsquo ; s capacity and capability. The capacity to organize, deliver, and monitor care to a specific clinical population under a population-based management target includes strict social distancing strategies, contact testing and tracing, testing for the virus antigen and its antibodies, isolation, and treatment modalities such as new mitigating medications, and finally, a vaccine.

The dissertation explores the developments of the border control agency Frontex and the European Asylum Support Office EASO, arguing that the Schengen crisis of 2015-16 prompted EU institutions to significantly empower both migration agencies. This study adapts classic principal-agent interpretations while applying a process-tracing method to introduce a distinction between primary and intermediate principals on one side and multiple agents on the other. By doing so, this study investigates significant agency empowerment in the EU migration policy. ; Die Dissertation untersucht die Entwicklungen der Grenzschutzagentur Frontex und des Europäischen Unterstützungsbüros für Asylfragen EASO und argumentiert, dass die Schengen- und Migrationskrise von 2015-16 die EU-Institutionen dazu veranlasst hat, beide Migrationsagenturen erheblich zu stärken. Die Studie interpretiert den klassischen Prinzipal-Agent-Ansatz neu und wendet die process-tracing Methode an, um zwischen primären und intermediären Prinzipalen auf der einen und mehreren Agenten auf der anderen Seite zu unterscheiden. Die Analyse durchleuchtet somit die erhebliche Stärkung der Agenturen in der gemeinsamen EU-Migrationspolitik.

This study contributes to earlier studies aimed at the question of whether the welfare state crowds out social capital or not by examining to what extent the welfare state affects the value of social capital. This article investigates the effects of three sources of social capital on occupational prestige and tests whether these effects are moderated by welfare state effort in terms of social spending. Multi-level analyses based on European Social Survey (ESS) 2002/03 and International Monetary Fund (IMF) data, including 39,299 people from 24 European countries, provides evidence that welfare state effort decreases the value of social capital.