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The conceptualization of the philosophy of the text requires a preliminary idea about the ways of the textual presentation of philosophy as such. At the same time, philosophical views per se are difficult to classify and systematize — at best, they are arranged by eras and cultural-ethnic factors. In this regard, it seems fruitful and justified not to build various rationalistic constructions but to take an open look at the very existence of philosophizing. From such perspectives, philosophy appears not so much a single, monolithic, and strictly ordered system as a 'system of systems' that are interrelated, interconnected, and reminiscent of Ludwig Wittgenstein's 'family of language games'. Philosophy is a universal, ultimate understanding of the world, society, human beings, and their self-determination in this rea­lity. In this interpretation, being in itself appears as a text. Philosophizing as such is reali­zed in various forms of textualization, which are the focus of this article. Verbal textualization (sing­le words, paremia, aphoristics, parables, detailed plots, hermeneutic interpretations, con­ceptual systems) does not exclude visual, activity-driven textualizations and their mutual translations. Philosophy is capable of taking on diverse, dissimilar forms. It is as diversified as the paths of human self-determination, self-awareness, self-explanation, and self-justification. The­refore, the claims to exclusiveness and validity of any one way to textualize philosophizing do not seem justified.

In Philosophy Bites Again, a brand new selection of interviews from the popular podcast, leading philosophers explore some of the major philosophical questions that affect us all. Both thought-provoking and engaging, the discussion ranges from pleasure, pain, and humour, to free will, the self, and the meaning of life.

THE NATURE OF CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY: The Christian philosophy of 'Aeterni patris' -- Is nature something complete? -- The notion of Catholic philosophy -- The distinguishing feature in Catholic philosophy -- The objectives of the American Catholic Philosophical Association -- Christian conscience vs. Aristotelian right reason -- SOME THEMES IN CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY: God in philosophy today -- This truth sublime -- "Darkness of ignorance" in the most refined notion of God -- "Cause of necessity" in Aquinas's 'Tertia via' -- The special characteristic of the Scotistic proof that God exists -- Soul as agent in Aquinas -- Aquinas on the inseparability of soul from existence / Joseph Owens

TheOrganic nature of all philosophic reflection can easily be obscured by the otherwise laudable efforts of specialists in such fields as the philosophies of ethics, political theory, and art. Granting the great speculative philosophers of the past, seeking a unified view of the totality of human experience, erred though an excess of undisciplined imagination, it is questionable whether the less ambitious, piecemeal work of the analytic specialist has saved philosophy from mysticism or has so truncated it that all vital connections with a humanity in search of meaning have been severed. The tendency to compartmentalize philosophy is not limited to any area of experience but in this article I should like to restrict myself to a consideration of the consequences of separating philosophy of history from inquiries into individual and political values. In order to appreciate these consequences we must first agree on the nature of a philosophy of history and the role it plays, or should play, in determining our estimation of human values.

Philosophy and Vision argues that clear thinking and imaginative understanding are necessary qualities as we try to deal with the problems that confront us in our daily life. The book discusses history, the environment, religion, personal and corporate morality, freedom, the concept of person, poetry, and post-modernism attempts to show that as a philosophic vision is brought to bear on all of these, we will grasp them more completely and more constructively. The issues which challenge most of us seldom have straightforward answers, but they require some answers, some response other than failing out of our emotions. Attempting to see these philosophically, to adopt a philosophic vision, is no panacea, but it may make the difference between being overwhelmed and being able to cope. The book has a crisp enjoyable style, and while it is a philosophical work it draws upon movies, fiction, poetry, and life's experiences in developing its arguments

Process and the Escape from Nihilism -- Relation and Substance in Whitehead's Metaphysics -- Process as a Categorical Concept -- William James on the Nature of Time -- Space in Leibniz and Whitehead -- Process Philosophy, a Categorial analysis -- A Crossroads for Process Philosophy -- On Whitehead, Marx, and the Nature of Political Philosophy -- The Process Philosophy of Sir Muhammad Iqbal.

1. Introduction : the place of environmental philosophy and its basic concepts -- 2. Future generations : what consideration do we owe them? -- 3. Animals : are they as morally valuable as human beings? -- 4. Living things : ethics for the non- human world -- 5. Community: how big is our moral world? -- 6. Natural things : the puzzle of what "natural" means, and whether humans belong to nature -- 7. Foundations : can there be a secular basis for the ideas of human dignity and intrinsic value in nature? -- 8. Origins : political, religious and cultural diagnoses of environmental problems -- 9. Beyond individual responsibility : governance and the affl uenzic society.

This is a critical introduction to modern French philosophy, commissioned from one of the liveliest contemporary practitioners and intended for an English-speaking readership. The dominant 'Anglo-Saxon' reaction to philosophical development in France has for some decades been one of suspicion, occasionally tempered by curiosity but more often hardening into dismissive rejection. But there are signs now of a more sympathetic interest and an increasing readiness to admit and explore shared concerns, even if these are still expressed in a very different idiom and intellectual context. Vincent Descombes offers here a personal guide to the main movements and figures of the last forty-five years. He traces over this period the evolution of thought from a generation preoccupied with the 'three H's' - Hegel, Husserl and Heidegger, to a generation influenced since about 1960 by the 'three masters of suspicion' - Marx, Nietzsche and Freud. In this framework he deals in turn with the thought of Sartre, Merleau-Ponty, the early structuralists, Foucault, Althusser, Serres, Derrida, and finally Deleuze and Lyotard. The 'internal' intellectual history of the period is related to its institutional setting and the wider cultural and political context which has given French philosophy so much of its distinctive character

part, 1 Ancient Philosophy -- chapter Introduction -- chapter 1 Greek Philosophy in its Immaturity -- chapter 2 Greek Philosophy at its Height, or the Attic Philosophy -- chapter 3 The Decay of Greek Philosophy; or Greco-Roman Philosophy -- part, 2 Mediæval Philosophy -- chapter 4 Patristics. (Cf. § 148.) -- chapter 5 Scholasticism -- chapter 6 Transition Period.