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Abstract
This contribution assesses the function and use of corporate-run social media, including its efficacy for organizing social movements. An extended critique of Black Lives Matter considers the impact of its social media activities on mitigating racial inequality. Drawing from successful social movements, participatory democracy, mass physical protest, and independence from established political institutions appear as necessary ingredients for constructing social media strategies for social change.

The proportion of its total resources that a society devotes to social welfare is a useful general measure related to social policy. In fiscal 1976, the US spent 21% of Gross National Product (GNP) for public social welfare programs, including health & education as well as social insurance (the largest segment) & assistance. Program developments, inflation, population growth, & the level of economic activity affect trends. The US spends relatively less for social security than most industrial countries. Income maintenance programs now touch most families in the US. More than 90% of all persons over age sixty-four get social security benefits. The extent of social security protection for survivors & disabled persons, the relative importance of private pensions, social security benefit replacement rates (the relation to previous earnings), & the income situation of aged persons are reviewed. Brief reference is made to sickness insurance, unemployment insurance, & public assistance. Some possible directions of future change are noted. The interweaving of social welfare objectives & systems into the fabric of modern life cannot be undone. The attempt to develop clearer indicators of need & accomplishment is worth pursuing. 2 Tables. Modified HA.

How does climate change affect social work and social development? What actions are needed to integrate the three pillars of economic development, environmental development and social protection? This informative and incisively written edited collection brings together experts from around the world to analyse the person-in-environment concept and to find measures for its implementation. Through the presentation of theoretical and practical platforms for environmental social work or 'green social work', the editors hope to bring about a new paradigmatic shift in our attitude to the concept of p.