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The article is devoted to the study of the history of medieval trade. The author gives a brief overview of the fundamental works of major European and Russian historians, in which the practical and theoretical issues of international trade in the Middle Ages are studied. Based on the materials of these studies, some topical aspects of the economic history of medieval societies are also considered.

Throughout her career as a medieval historian, Eileen Power was engaged on a book on women in the Middle Ages. She did not live to write the book but some of the material she collected found its way into her popular lectures on medieval women. These lectures are now brought together, edited by M. M. Postan, and reveal the world in which women lived, were educated, worked, and worshipped. Power gives a vivid account of the worlds of the lady, the peasant, the townswoman, and the nun. The result is a historical yet intimate picture of a period gone by yet with resonances for today. For this edition, Maxine Berg is also included, offering an intimate portrait of the writer and social historian.--publisher description

Cover page ; Halftitle page ; Series page ; Title page ; Copyright page ; Contents; List of Illustrations; Preface and Acknowledgements; Maps ; 1 Introduction: Don Teudo Rico Defeats a Viking Raid; 2 From the Encircling Ocean; 3 So the Story Goes; 4 A Mediterranean Adventure; 5 Waiting for the Barbarians; 6 The Wars of Santiago and Cordoba against Vikings; 7 Conclusion: From Charter and Chronicle to Saga; APPENDIX 1 Glossary of Histories and Historians; APPENDIX 2 Timeline; Abbreviations; Bibliography; A. Primary sources and sources in translation; B. Secondary sources; Index.

This comprehensive history of linguistics is part of a 5 volume set. Together, the volumes examine the social, cultural and religious functions of language, its place in education, the prestige attached to different varieties of language, and the presentation of lexical and grammatical descriptions. They explore the linguistic interests and assumptions of individual cultures in their own terms, without trying to transpose and reshape them into the context of contemporary ideas of what the scientific study of language ought to be. The authors of individual chapters are all specialists who have

The English Parliament in the Middle Ages. By H. G. Richardson and G. O. Sayles. London: Hambledon Press The English Parliament in the Middle Ages. Edited by R. G. Davies and J. H. Denton. Manchester: Manchester University Press

The sort of document which explicitly formulates policy is, in any field of history, rather hard to come by. That is especially true when we search for formulations of business policy and especially for medieval formulations of medieval business policy.

This book is an introduction to medieval economic thought, mainly from the twelfth to the fifteenth centuries, as it emerges from the works of academic theologians and lawyers and other sources - from Italian merchants' writings to vernacular poetry, Parliamentary legislation, and manorial court rolls. It raises a number of questions based on the Aristotelian idea of the mean, the balance and harmony underlying justice, as applied by medieval thinkers to the changing economy. How could private ownership of property be reconciled with God's gift of the earth to all in common? How could charity balance resources between rich and poor? What was money? What were the just price and the just wage? How was a balance to be achieved between lender and borrower and how did the idea of usury change to reflect this? The answers emerge from a wide variety of ecclesiastical and secular sources

[ES] En la presente investigación se hace un estudio del grupo social dirigente de las ciudades y villas de La Rioja Alta en la Edad Media. Para ello hemos analizado algunos de los núcleos urbanos más representativos de esta comarca, como son Logroño, Nájera, Santo Domingo de la Calzada, Haro, Navarrete y Briones. En el artículo realizamos en primer lugar un acercamiento a la situación social existente en el mundo urbano altorriojano en los siglos XII, XIII y XIV, para centrarnos seguidamente en el análisis de la procedencia social de las elites urbanas de esta comarca, así como en sus fórmulas de asociación, organización y acceso al poder político concejil a fines de la Edad Media. ; [EN] The piece of research studies the ruling social class in cities and towns of the Rioja Alta in the Middle Ages. It includes an analysis of some of the most significant towns and cities of the region, such as Logroño, Nájera, Santo Domingo de la Calzada, Haro, Navarrete and Briones. Firstly, we approach the social situation of the urban areas of the Rioja Alta in the 12th, 13th and 14* centuries. Secondly, we analyse the social background of urban elites in the region, as well as their ways of association and organization and their access to political power in the council in the late Middle Ages.