Suchergebnisse

1. Introduction to the empirical and institutional dimensions of smart specialisation / Philip McCann, Frank van Oort and John Goddard -- 2. The intellectual and practical bases of the application of RIS3 within EU cohesion policy / Philip McCann and Raquel Ortega-Argiles -- 3. Regional diversification and smart specialization policy / Ron Boschma -- 4. Local industry structure as a resource-base for entrepreneurship : implications for smart specialization strategies -- 5. Regional innovation and the network structure of university-industry links / Robert Huggins and Daniel Prokop -- 6. Good growth, bad growth : a wake-up call of smart specialisation / Mark Thissen, Frank Van Oort and Olga Ivanova -- 7. New measures of regional competitiveness in a globalizing world / Bart Los, Maureen Lankhuizen and Mark Thissen -- 8. The co-evolution of regional innovation domains and institutional arrangements : smart specialisation through quadruple helix relations? / Paul Vallance -- 9. Smart specialisation and local economic development in Eastern Europe / Teodora Dogaru, Frank Van Oort and Nicola Cortinovis -- 10. From plan to process : exploring the human element in smart specialisation governance / Mari Jose Aranguren, Mikel Navarro and James R. Wilson -- 11. Entrepreneurship, networks and recombinant open innovation : lessons for regional policy / Robert Huggins.

peer-reviewed ; Democratization has suddenly become a fashionable theme in both the practice and the study of European integration.1 Since the Treaty on European Union (TEU) of 1991, which both raised the profile of the integration process and substantially extended the scope of powers enjoyed by the European Union (EU; the Union), the Union has become far more controversial. Received wisdom dictates that it suffers from a (generally unspecified) 'democratic deficit', which was scarcely noticed beforehand. Paradoxically, however, in the last decade several attempts to render the EU more democratic have actually been made, a good example being the significant empowerment of the European Parliament (EP). Moreover, the TEU made member-state nationals EU citizens, an unprecedented step in world history, even if EU citizenship remains rather limited. Indeed, the EU is preparing for both further enlargement and the next round of Treaty reform (due in 2004) by launching a process of 'civil dialogue' and a quasi-constitutional convention. These are supposed to provide suggestions about increasing the legitimacy and democratic credentials of the Union system.

Understanding the reasons underlying income inequality has generated considerable interest in the last years and various theoretical analyses have been developed to explain international differences in income distribution between groups of countries at different stages of economic development. However, structural investigations of the contemporary effects of the forces shaping the evolution of income inequality are difficult to find. Moreover, little attention has been given to the increasing inequality merely among advanced economies. For these reasons, we develop a theoretical framework to provide a comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting income distribution in a particular set of advanced economies, the European Union countries, and utilize a fifteen year panel of 25 countries to identify the short term effects of several considerable determinants of household income inequality. On the basis of the main findings, we conclude providing some policy indications.

Using a sample of so-called popular and 'quality' European newspapers and their TV listings as a stepping stone, Media, Markets & Public Spheres presents an overview of changes in the European public spheres over the last fifty years as well as in-depth analyses of structural changes in press and broadcasting, changing relations between media, changes in media policies and media history as record of cultural change. With a rare comparative perspective, both across nation states and across decades of European history, this book explores how and why the media decisively influence most social areas, from the socialization of children to the workings of the economy. Compiled by a team of leading media researchers from ten countries, Media, Markets & Public Spheres will be useful to students in media and communication studies, and European studies, as well as for those studying sociology and political science

Global digitization and the emergence of Artificial Intelligence-based technologies pose challenges for all countries. The BRICS and European Union countries are no exception. BRICS as well as the European Union seek to strengthen their positions as leading actors on the world stage. At the present time, an essential means of doing so is for BRICS and the EU to implement smart policy and create suitable conditions for the development of digital technologies, including AI. For this reason, one of the most important tasks for BRICS and the EU is to develop an adequate approach to the regulation of AI-based technologies. This research paper is an analysis of the current approaches to the regulation of AI at the BRICS group level, in each of the BRICS countries, and in the European Union. The analysis is based on the application of comparative and formal juridical analysis of the legislation of the selected countries on AI and other digital technologies. The results of the analysis lead the authors to conclude that it is necessary to design ageneral approach to the regulation of these technologies for the BRICS countries similar to the approach chosen in the EU (the trustworthy approach) and to upgrade this legislation to achieve positive effects from digital transformation. The authors offer several suggestions for optimization of the provisions of the legislation, including designing a model legal act in the sphere of AI.

Article 7 TEU protects the European Union against political developments in one or more member states that undermines values on which the common association is based. We identify three particular reasons for such a provision. First, the level of cooperation achieved within the European Union requires consensus on fundamental values among those public officials of the member states who participate in EU decision making. Second, since the European Union is not merely an association of states, but a polity of constitutional quality, diversion from the common values would undermine the realisation of rights of private persons of other member states in their cross-border activities. Finally, Article 7 TEU protects citizens and resident legal persons of the violating state against political changes that do not respect liberal values, even if achieved through a democratic process. The last issue, which, as the Polish and Hungarian cases have revealed, has been the most controversial, forms in fact the very core of the European integration project. Article 7 TEU does not only allow for political sanction, but creates a special liability regime. Legal scholarship, however, has not yet undertaken a serious analysis of its individual components. A comprehensive analysis requires bringing together legal experts on European law, constitutional law, law of tort/delict, and experts that can bring a comparative perspective on solutions in other jurisdictions. The contributions to this book have been discussed during a conference at the Charles University Prague in 2016.--

In mid-2009 Simeon Djankov, who had dealt with a variety of economic and financial crises as chief economist for finance and private sector development at the World Bank, was suddenly thrust into the job of finance minister of his native Bulgaria. For nearly four years in that post, he attended more than 40 meetings of European finance ministers and had a front row seat at the intense discussions and struggles to overcome the economic and financial crisis that threatened to unravel the historic undertaking of an economically integrated Europe. In this personal account, Djankov details his odyssey on the front lines, observing Europe's fitful efforts to contain crises in Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Cyprus, and France. He tells the inside story of how the European Central Bank assumed responsibility for the crisis, pledging to do "whatever it takes" to save the euro area. This candid book recounts the disagreements over fiscal austerity, monetary policy, and banking supervision, while focusing on the personalities who promoted progress—and those who opposed it. He also tells the dramatic story of the events that led to his own resignation as finance minister in 2013 over the policies he was pursuing to spare Bulgaria from getting sucked into the crisis

One of the most dynamic areas of recent EU law has been cooperation in the fields of policing and criminal justice. This book enables readers to understand the changes that have taken place by examining how and why they occurred, along with the subsequent outcomes.