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This article is a brief sketch of recent development of the doctrine and practice in Russian constitutional and administrative law. The focus is made on the controversial issues of state organization and status of individuals, as well as the realization of legal principles established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 1993.

Intro -- Contents -- Introduction: BigLaw -- 1. Business and Profession: Bridging the Divide -- 2. Clients in the Driver's Seat -- 3. Encouraging Entrepreneurs -- 4. Entrepreneurs and Collaboration -- 5. Pruning for Productivity -- 6. The Material Economy of Compensation -- 7. The Symbolic Economy of Compensation -- 8. Luring Laterals -- 9. Trusted Advisors and Service Providers -- Conclusion: Money and Meaning in the Modern Law Firm -- Appendix on the Research Project -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- References -- Index.

The National Science Foundation provides support for basic social science research on law and legal institutions through the Law and Social Sciences Program. The primary emphasis of the program is on research that will enhance understanding of the nature and sources of variation in legal rules and institutions and their consequences. Proposals directed to developing methodologies for the social scientific study of law are also considered. Proposals concerning criminal aspects of the law will be considered if they relate primarily to theoretical questions in the social scientific study of the law. However, the central focus of the Law and Social Sciences Program is on noncriminal aspects of the legal system.Those who anticipate submitting proposals might keep in mind the broad concerns that are central to the program:1. The capacity of law, through statutes, administrative regulations, and court decisions, to affect individual and organizational behavior, its limitations in regulating action, conditions which enhance or diminish the impact of law, and the processes by which that impact is achieved or diminished.2. The use of alternative methods, both formal (legal) and informal (extra-legal), for dealing with disputes, and factors that contribute to the selection of the alternatives used.3. Change in the legal system, its causes and the processes by which it occurs, with particular emphasis on factors affecting the use of law as an instrument of social control.

The National Science Foundation provides support for basic social science research on law and legal institutions through the Law and Social Sciences Program. The primary emphasis of the program is on research that will enhance understanding of the nature and sources of variation in legal rules and institutions and their consequences. Proposals directed to developing methodologies for the social scientific study of law are also considered. Proposals concerning criminal aspects of the law will be considered if they relate primarily to theoretical questions in the social scientific study of the law. However, the central focus of the Law and Social Sciences Program is on noncriminal aspects of the legal system.Those who anticipate submitting proposals might keep in mind the broad concerns that are central to the program:1. The capacity of law, through statutes, administrative regulations, and court decisions, to affect individual and organizational behavior, its limitations in regulating action, conditions which enhance or diminish the impact of law, and the processes by which that impact is achieved or diminished.2. The use of alternative methods, both formal (legal) and informal (extra-legal), for dealing with disputes, and factors that contribute to the selection of the alternatives used.3. Change in the legal system, its causes and the processes by which it occurs, with particular emphasis on factors affecting the use of law as an instrument of social control.

This paper considers how science fiction, and the subgenres of speculative historicism and futurism in particular, might open legal discourse to hitherto unseen and potentially instructive perspectives. It begins with the proposition that recent historical events of global significance such as the election of Donald Trump in 2016, the outbreak of the Covid19 pandemic of 2020, and the extreme weather events of 2021, were widely predicted and foreseen in the media by way of political reporting as much as popular social and natural science reporting in the years and decades prior. The same tropes were also present in the plotlines of popular literature, television, and film during that period. The central argument of the paper is that before media pundits and policy-makers expressed their surprise at the fragility of the Rule of Law in the "unprecedented" ascent of Trump, the lethal capacity and transmissibility of a "novel" coronavirus, and the "sudden" arrival of climate change in the daily lives of North Americans and Europeans, the spectre of these menaces had already penetrated our collective conscious in a way that ought to have changed outcomes. Neil Postman's conceptualization of the present epoch as "Technopoly" is a means of explaining how, despite ample warnings, we were not ready for much. Technopoly refers to the historical present as the historical moment in which the technocratic capacity of individuals, states, and markets to respond to existential problems is hindered by information overload, e.g., the threat to the Rule of Law presented by an outgoing American President who refuses to accept the verdict of the electorate ; the threat to public health posed by persistent vaccine misinformation and inequitable global vaccine distribution ; and, the threat posed to our collective habitat by extreme climate events. The paper concludes that fiction is a powerful potential antidote to the numbing effects of information overload in Technopoly if it is treated seriously as a source of normative authority rather than dismissed as pure diversion.

This article examines one aspect of the possible influence of Aristotle on Spinoza's thinking of state laws and their limitations. In the Nicomachean Ethics, the Stagirite sets out a theory of the just city based on appropriate geometrical proportioning of justice, but then proposes the hypothesis of the most excellent man: someone so virtuous that they cannot be bound by the city's laws and so must be banished or elevated to monarch. The article investigates how Spinoza's own conceptions of geometry and metaphysics inform his view of justice and laws in the city. It indicates how, in continuing to posit the virtuous as someone both with a higher form of cognition of law, but who must nevertheless live in the city, Spinoza is likely to have been confronted with Aristotle's 'problem of excellence'. The article examines Spinoza's initial and strikingly modern solution to the problem, but also indicates how Spinoza's own thinking on metaphysics and genetic geometry pushes him beyond this 'answer' in his later political work.

In this research, the researcher dealt with the issue of contrariness of laws in contractual obligations and the role of the will in determining the applicable law in the Jordanian civil law. In addition, contrariness of laws requires several conditions to exist, including the legal relationship of a foreign element, the acceptance of countries to apply foreign law before their courts, and the difference in legislation between countries. The Jordanian private international law, like most of the world’s legislation, has subjected the rules of attribution related to contractual obligations to the law chosen by the contracting parties, which is known as the law of will or the principle of the power of will, and the Jordanian legislator has subjected contractual obligations to the law of the country in which the joint home of the contracting parties is located if they are united. But in case they differ, the obligations are subject to the law of the country in which the contract was made. This means that the contracting parties are free to choose the law applicable to the contractual relations as soon as the offer is linked to the acceptance in the agreement concluded between the contracting parties when the terms and conditions of the contract are fulfilled.

Раздел "Международное право" ; Среди ученых нет однозначного мнения относительно места таможенного права в правовой системе. Под таможенным правом понимают институт административного права, подотрасль административного права, самостоятельную комплексную отрасль административного права либо комплексную отрасль законодательства. Исследование правовой природы показывает, что в современном таможенном праве можно выделить наднациональную (международную) и национальную части. Наднациональная часть включает нормы Таможенного кодекса таможенного союза и иных нормативных актов, которые принимаются международными договорами. Нормы национальной части принимаются законодательными актами страны. Таким образом, таможенное право — комплексная отрасль права, регулирующая общественные отношения в сфере перемещения товаров через таможенную границу Таможенного союза. = Scientists differ in their opinions regarding the place of customs law in the legal system. Customs law is understood as the institute of administrative law, a sub-branch of administrative law, a separate complex branch of administrative law or a complex branch of legislation. The research of its legal nature shows that it is possible to distinguish supranational (international) and national parts within the contemporary customs law. The supranational part includes the Customs Code norms of the Customs Union and other legal acts which are adopted by international treaties. The norms included into the national part are adopted by legislative acts of the country. Thereby, customs law is a complex branch of law regulating public relations in the sphere of movement of goods across the customs border of the Customs Union.