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India and gemstones are inseparable. Among the Subcontinent's most prolific patrons of the jewelled arts were the Mughal emperors, whose adornments dazzled visitors centuries ago and continue to excite viewers today. Complimenting the brilliance of these creations were the miniature paintings of the time. Often likened to jewels, these works on paper do more than entertain the eye; they illuminate as well. By comparing the paintings and the objects depicted in them, the world of Mughal opulence is opened to the reader. Jewels without Crowns brings together two fields of artistic accomplishment by one of the most visionary dynasties of the Islamic world.

What are the percepts of Shari'ah law? What role did Genghis Khan play in Islamic history? How do the teachings of the Qur'an mesh with those of other religious texts? Islamic History is part of a 3 book series. In this powerful, probing, and thought-provoking series, the world of Islam is explored and explained. With coverage from around the world and across the centuries, each book provides a thorough look into the religion with nearly two billion adherents worldwide. Readers will develop a comprehensive understanding of this incredibly rich faith and its contributions to world culture and h

In this first U.S. edition of a classic work of comparative legal scholarship, Alan Watson argues that law fails to keep step with social change, even when that change is massive. To illustrate the ways in which law is dysfunctional, he draws on the two most innovative western systems, of Rome and England, to show that harmful rules continue for centuries. To make his case, he uses examples where, in the main, "the law benefits no recognizable group or class within the society (except possibly lawyers who benefit from confusion) and is generally inconvenient or positively harmful to socie

"In this book, a mix of leading historians and political scientists examines the foreign policy of contemporary Russia over four centuries of history. The authors explore the impact of empire and its loss, the interweaving of domestic and foreign impulses, long-standing approaches to national security, and the effect of globalization over time." "This volume utilizes history to shed light on Russia's complex, occasionally inscrutable relationship with the world. In so doing, it raises the broader issue of the relationship of history to the study of contemporary foreign policy and how these two enterprises might be better joined."--Jacket

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part One. Pequots -- 1. "Could Yee Blame Us for Revenging So Cruell a Murder?": A Dialogic Critique of the Pequot War Narratives -- 2. "Lost in the Deep, Voiceless Obscurity": The Pequots as Metaphor in Catharine Maria Sedgwick's HOPE LESLIE -- Part Two. Crossbloods -- 3. Land, Literacy, and the Lord: Pequot Tribal Advocacy in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries -- 4. Fashioning a Tribal Utopia: Pequot Self-Representation in the Contemporary Period -- Part Three. Gamblers -- 5. On the "Indianness" of Bingo: Gambling and the Native American Community -- 6. Contesting the Evil Gambler: Gambling, Choice, and Survival in Native American Indian Literature -- Epilogue -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

Can we reconcile the idea that we are free and responsible agents with the idea that what we do is determined according to natural laws? For centuries, philosophers have tried in different ways to show that we can. Hilary Bok takes a fresh approach here, as she seeks to show that the two ideas are compatible by drawing on the distinction between practical and theoretical reasoning. Bok argues that when we engage in practical reasoning--the kind that involves asking "what should I do?" and sifting through alternatives to find the most justifiable course of action--we have reason to hold ourselve

Ceuta and Melilla are two 'enclaves' on the northern coast of Africa that have been Spanish for centuries but that are claimed by the Kingdom of Morocco. As an integral part of Spain the towns have also been part of the territory of the European Union since 1986. Their unique situation has created considerable tension in the relationship (both political and economic) between Spain and Morocco. As well as looking at this relationship, the book explains how the anomalous situation of the enclaves impinges on issues such as immigration from North and sub-Saharan Africa into the EU, defence, trade and the Spanish political scene in general

Originally published in 1987. Philosopher Maurice Mandelbaum offers a broad-ranging essay on the roles of chance, choice, purpose, and necessity in human events. He traces the many changes these concepts have undergone, from the analyses of Hobbes and Spinoza, through the eighteenth, nineteenth, and early twentieth centuries. Mandelbaum examines two contrary tendencies in the history of social theories. Some thinkers, he shows, have explained the character of institutions in terms of their individual purposes, whereas others have stressed relationships of necessity among society's institutions. Mandelbaum discusses chance, choice, and necessity at length and reaches some provocative conclusions about the ways in which they are interwoven in human affairs.

Innovation is a key concept of modernity. It acquired its lettres de noblesse in the twentieth century, thanks to or because of economics and technology. However, for centuries the concept was essentially pejorative. How can we explain this connotation? This article suggests that one of the crucial moments is the Reformation. Using official documents of the time, the article studies the vocabulary of the English Reformation and documents the meanings and the uses made of innovation. The article suggests that innovation served two functions or purposes: an injunction (not to innovate) and an accusation of non-conformity. Thereafter, innovation became a linguistic tool of polemic.

AbstractThis article examines the manuscript newsletters received by two women in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, Anne Pole and Susannah Newey. Although women have often been excluded from discussion of manuscript news circulation, these women's newsletters, especially the parliamentary news they contained, reveal important information about the turn of the 18th‐century news industry. Both women received and shared parliamentary news provided by paid news writers in London. Their roles as recipients and circulators of manuscript newsletters elucidate how the news industry was developing and professionalising at a moment that also saw the takeoff of the printed newspaper.

Abstract
By reinterpreting a set of correspondence between Chinese and Japanese monks, this article gives a "thick description" of a lumber transaction between a prestigious monastery in Hangzhou, China, and a newly established monastery in Hakata, Japan. Examining the network connecting the two monasteries shows that in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, Hakata-based Chinese merchants sought patronage and connections from powerful religious establishments in both China and Japan, whose political patronage conferred economic privileges. The quest for gaining trade profits, spreading Buddhist teachings, and enhancing political authority drove all the parties together and formed a religio-commercial network linking China and Japan.

Slavery has deep roots in the rise of American capitalism, and two recent publications have made significant contributions toward our understanding of how human bondage shaped the growth of the United States' economy in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Accounting for Slavery: Masters and Management, by Caitlin Rosenthal, and Slavery's Capitalism: A New History of American Economic Development, edited by Sven Beckert and Seth Rockman, each explore traditionally overlooked aspects of slavery's connection to business innovation and American capitalism and present readers with a fuller—and perhaps more complicated—narrative of the ties between enslavement and the economy.

Switzerland is a country, where migration flows have constantly been growing during the 20th and 21st centuries, and whose authorities have to think constantly of how to restrain them. This article, prepared on the basis of two sources: newspaper material and field ethnographic material collected by the author, examines state Muslim policy in the context of modern religiousness in Switzerland. The author emphasizes that Switzerland has become the first country which renounced the idea of cultural tolerance so widespread in Europe in postwar time. The authorities themselves call their political course a "policy of zero tolerance," which they actively pursue toward Muslim migrants.

The African Commodity Trade Database (actd) aims to stimulate and deepen research on African and global economic history. The database provides export and import series at product level for more than two and a half centuries of African trade (1730–2010). This article introduces potential users to some of the major questions that can be explored with African commodity trade data, as well as the sources, structure and limitations of the dataset. The current version of the actd is downloadable from the data repository of the African Economic History Network (www.aehnetwork.org/data-research) and will be regularly updated with new data.

Two anarchist women from the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries, Alexandra David-Néel and Lily Gair Wilkinson, combined their politics with radical engagement in walking. In both the literal sense, moving their bodies along the earth, and the figurative sense of calling on peripatetic tropes to express their ideas, they found walking to be a constitutive element of freedom. This paper brings the ideas of Whitehead and other process philosophers into conversation with material and semiotic dimensions of walking and with anarchist politics. In the political lives of Wilkinson and David-Néel, I see struggles to live anarchist lives, lives into which one could walk.