Search results

Am Beispiel der Integrationsprozesse innerhalb der Europäischen Gemeinschaft wird die wirtschaftliche und politische Verflechtung in Europa dargestellt. Entscheidende Ereignisse seit der Gründung der Europäischen Gemeinschaft: Gemeinsamer Markt, der zu einem fien Handel in Europa führte, Abbau von Zollschranken, gemeinsame Agrarpolitik, Europäisches Währungssystem. Neben der ökonomischen Integration erfolgte eine Reihe von Maßnahmen für die politische Integration innerhalb der EG. Dies betrifft vor allem die gemeinsame europäische Sicherheitspolitik, durch die Fortschritte in der Abrüstung erzielt werden konnten. Die EG leistete einen großen Beitrag zum Abbau der Gefahr militärischer Konfrontation und schuf stabile Rahmenbedingungen für die weitere ökonomische und politische Zusammenarbeit in Europa. (BIOst-Ldg)

"Science diplomacy gives possibilities for international diplomacy and science policy to collaborate to more directly address social and global challenges, such as successful diplomatic engagement, international scientific coordination, and policy coherence in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, most academic scientists lack policy process training, networking opportunities with science policymakers, and the capacity to use their expertise in the field to advance policy or diplomacy. These barriers limit scientists' research impact, inhibit science-policy relations, reduce science recommendations, and restrict university engagement in national and international contexts. The origins of science diplomacy have yet to be closely examined, and its current format does not give a clear understanding of how it concretely translates into science policy actions. Global Science's Cooperation Opportunities, Challenges, and Good Practices provides a comprehensive overview of science diplomacy and its evolution in history and analyzes the ways in which politics, science, and diplomacy intertwine. The book also provides a critical review of science diplomacy by exposing its limitations in addressing global challenges and by reflecting on the specific questions relating to the adaptation of the science diplomacy concept to the context of the Global South. Covering key topics such as climate change, foreign policy, and energy consumption, this premier reference source is ideal for policymakers, government officials, politicians, industry professionals, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students."--

The jurisprudential structure of environmental law / Douglas Fisher -- A normative approach to environmental governance : sustainability at the apex of environmental law / Klaus Bosselmann -- From protection to restoration : a challenge for environmental governance / Afshin Akhtar-Khavari and Anastasia Telesetsky -- Transnational environmental law : the birth of a contemporary analytical perspective / Louis Kotzé and Caiphas Soyapi -- Economic approaches to environmental governance : a principled analysis / Michael Faure -- Human rights and the environment : a tale of ambivalence and hope / Anna Grear -- A constitutional human right to a healthy environment / Nicholas Bryner -- Rights of nature : a constructive analysis / Peter Burdon and Claire Williams -- The development of international environmental law by the International Court of Justice / Tim Stephens -- The structure, form and language of international environmental norms : from absolute to relative normativity / Niko Soininen -- The growing significance of the principle of sustainable development as a legal norm / Jonathan Verschuuren -- The concept of the common heritage of mankind / Prue Taylor -- Environmental policy integration : the importance of balance and trade-offs / Jørgen K. Knudsen and William M. Lafferty -- The role played by policy objectives in environmental law / Chris McGrath -- The functions of rights of property in environmental law / David Grinlinton -- Environmental impact assessment : 'setting the law ablaze' / Elizabeth Fisher -- The precautionary principle in environmental governance / Annecoos Wiersema -- The judicial development of ecologically sustainable development / Brian J. Preston

Preliminary Material /Rosemary Rayfuse -- Introduction: Rethinking International Law and the Protection of the Environment in Relation to Armed Conflict /Rosemary Rayfuse -- The Protection of the Natural Environment in Armed Conflict – Existing Rules and Need for Further Legal Protection /Cordula Droege and Marie-Louise Tougas -- The Protection of the Environment in Armed Conflict: Legal Obligations in the Absence of Specific Rules /Dieter Fleck -- The Principle of Ambituity and the Prohibition against Excessive Collateral Damage to the Environment during Armed Conflict /Erik V. Koppe -- The Ethics, Principles and Objectives of Protection of the Environment in Times of Armed Conflict /Michael Bothe -- Advancing the Legal Protection of the Environment in Relation to Armed Conflict: Protocol I's Threshold of Impermissible Environmental Damage and Alternatives /Carson Thomas -- Environmental Protection in Armed Conflict: Filling the Gaps with Sustainable Development /Onita Das -- Environment and War: Lessons from International Cultural Heritage Law /Lucas Lixinski -- The Role of Multilateral Environmental Agreements in Armed Conflict: 'Green-keeping' in Virunga Park. Applying the UNESCO World Heritage Convention in the Armed Conflict of the Democratic Republic of the Congo /Britta Sjöstedt -- From Engines for Conflict into Engines for Sustainable Development: The Potential of International Law to Address Predatory Exploitation of Natural Resources in Situations of Internal Armed Conflict /Daniëlla Dam-de Jong -- Index /Rosemary Rayfuse.

Dyadic (state-pair) data is completely inappropriate for analyzing multilateral events (such as large alliances and major wars). Scholars, particularly in international relations, often divide the actors in a multilateral event into a series of dyadic relations. Though this practice can dramatically increase the size of data sets, using dyadic data to analyze what are, in reality, k-adic events leads to model misspecification and, inevitably, statistical bias. In short, one cannot recover a k-adic data generating process using dy-adic data. In this paper, I accomplish three tasks. First, I use Monte Carlo simulations to confirm that analyzing k-adic events with dyadic data produces substantial bias. Second, I show that choice-based sampling, as popularized by King and Zeng (2001a, Explaining rare events in international relations. International Organization 55:693–715, and 2001b, Logistic regression in rare events data. Political Analysis 9:137–63), can be used to create feasibly sized k-adic data sets. Finally, I use the study of alliance formation by Gibler and Wolford (2006, Alliances, then democracy: An examination of the relationship between regime type and alliance formation. The Journal of Conflict Resolution 50:1–25) to illustrate how to apply this choice-based sampling solution and explain how to code independent variables in a k-adic context.

Analyse der Tendenzen in den Wirtschaftsbeziehungen Westafrikas zur EG insgesamt und zu einzelnen westeuropäischen Staaten. Multilaterale Wirtschaftshilfe stagniert und wird stärker nach Kriterien politischen Wohlverhaltens vergeben. Stagnation oder gar Abschwung sind auch im Im- und Exportbereich festzustellen. Besondere Probleme gibt es in der Frankenzone bei international schwächer gehandeltem französischen Franc. (DÜI-Wsl)

This is a proposal for a collaborative 'journal' on the messiness of research in the profoundly inter-subjective area of social and community work in international locations.