Suchergebnisse

"Rainbowism" or the new form of nationalism inspired by Mandela's "Rainbow Nation vision" emphasizes unity, equality, and non-racialism, and has become the dominant myth and metaphor by which South Africa is recognized in the post-apartheid era. Through an application of a theoretical framework that emphasizes the mythological and imaginative aspects of constructive nationalism and an analysis of Rainbowism's rise to mythical dominance and evolution in the South African imaginary over the span of the past three decades of democracy using ANC "Rainbowist" discourses in both explicit and inexplicit ways, this thesis argues that Rainbowism arose as a counter myth in response to the apartheid myth at a moment when South Africa was faced with the daunting task of reconstructing and reimagining itself.

International audience ; This article examines the relationship between gender, nations and nationalisms vis-a-vis the Indian state's nationalist identity and perceptions of (in)security. It explores how the postcolonial Indian state's project of nation-building — reflective of a western secular-modern identity (under the Congress Party) and a -dominated identity (under the BJP) — incorporates gender, with continuities and discontinuities, to articulate divergent forms of nationalist/communalist identities, `cartographic anxieties' and nuclear (in)securities. The article contends that with the recent rise of the Hindu-Right BJP, guided by ideology, the nature of representing the Indian nation, its women and (in)securities has changed from a geopolitical to a cultural perception — thereby necessitating a rereading of the Indian nation, nationalism, gender and its perceptions of (in)security.

Building Green explores the experience of environmental architects in Mumbai, one of the world's most populous and population-dense urban areas and a city iconic for its massive informal settlements, extreme wealth asymmetries, and ecological stresses. Under these conditions, what does it mean to learn, and try to practice, so-called green design? By tracing the training and professional experiences of environmental architects in India's first graduate degree program in Environmental Architecture, Rademacher shows how environmental architects forged sustainability concepts and practices and sought to make them meaningful through engaged architectural practice. The book's focus on practitioners offers insights into the many roles that converge to produce this emergent, critically important form of urban expertise. At once activists, scientists, and designers, the environmental architects profiled in Building Green act as key agents of urban change whose efforts in practice are shaped by a complex urban development economy, layered political power relations, and a calculus of when, and how, their expert skills might be operationalized in service of a global urban future.

Building Green explores the experience of environmental architects in Mumbai, one of the world's most populous and population-dense urban areas and a city iconic for its massive informal settlements, extreme wealth asymmetries, and ecological stresses. Under these conditions, what does it mean to learn, and try to practice, so-called green design? By tracing the training and professional experiences of environmental architects in India's first graduate degree program in Environmental Architecture, Rademacher shows how environmental architects forged sustainability concepts and practices and sought to make them meaningful through engaged architectural practice. The book's focus on practitioners offers insights into the many roles that converge to produce this emergent, critically important form of urban expertise. At once activists, scientists, and designers, the environmental architects profiled in Building Green act as key agents of urban change whose efforts in practice are shaped by a complex urban development economy, layered political power relations, and a calculus of when, and how, their expert skills might be operationalized in service of a global urban future.

AbstractThe departing point of this study is to understand the implications of 'nation‐building' as a Western initiative in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004–2021) particularly in terms of the local conceptualisation of nation or millat. Based on this larger question, the goal of this study is to reveal the idea of nation as presented in the discourse of education constructed by the state of Afghanistan. To this end, the study employs three major primary resources: official state documents, school textbooks and expert interviews conducted at the Ministry of Education in Afghanistan. Pursuing a qualitative research methodology, the study uncovers four major elements that make up the idea of the 'nation of Afghanistan' or the millat‐e Afghanistan: (1) Islam, (2) watan (homeland), (3) qawm and (4) Afghaniyat (Afghanness). Reflecting a very specific understanding of nation that is peculiar to the context of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, this study concludes that the Western‐imposed form of nation has a local content which struggles hard to keep the idea of nation together.

A study of the complex historical process of nation-building in the Balkans. The establishment of state org's, esp during the period when the primitive tribal org was in decline & barbarism was giving way to civilization, played an exceptionally important role in shaping nat'l consciousness in the aggregate of related ethnical elements into more or less integrated wholes of peoples & nations. A history of the Yugoslav tribes from the 8th to the 13th cent's is reviewed. The history of the medieval states in the Balkans is seen to be signif because of its influence on the development of the nat'l question. Areas of belated nat'l awakening & ethnical mixtures became the scene of struggle for influence by state & nat'l centers that had been formed earlier. It is pointed out that there is among the South Slav peoples a high degree of ethnical & linguistic similarity, & shown how this factor has played an important but contradictory role in the process of nation-building in the Balkans. This similarity, & virtually identical historical destinies & common interests in the struggle & the right to preserve nat'l independence gave impulse to the striving of the South Slav peoples to come together & unify. But it likewise provided food for hegemonistic aspirations & tendencies on the part of certain tribal & nat'l groups & later of particular nations in relation to others. The history of the unification of the Yugoslav peoples is explained. It is then shown how ideological & cultural factors figure signif'ly in the formation of individual nations. Under these conditions, oral folk literature & folk dancing & singing were instrumental in transmitting the nat'l consciousness from one generation to another. Another question given special study is the role of the church in preserving nat'l consciousness during long cent's of foreign rule. Throughout a long period of history, all the nations of Yugoslavia & all Slav peoples in the Balkans were deprived of pol'al independence & made to live under foreign rule & domination; this was an extremely signif factor which slowed down the process of nation-building in the Balkan area. Nowhere in Europe was the imperialistic principle of divide & rule implemented so systematically as in the Balkans. Finally, the econ underdevelopment & the backwardness of the Balkan countries provide the background for the process of nation-building. The process of nat'l liberation, which did not proceed in an even or synchronized fashion, found the various areas formerly under the role of alien empires with greatly differing levels of ED & capacities to create a more or less independent econ existence. E. Weiman.

Tout oppose apparemment les traditions française et américaine en matière d'intégration des migrants et des minorités. Au credo français de la nation unitaire, répond l'ethnicisation des minorités et la prégnance du concept de race aux USA. Tandis que la société française intègre des individus, la société américaine, elle, négocie l'adaptation de groupes ethniques hétérogènes. De même, les Français se méfient beaucoup des effets pervers de l'Affirmative Action, une politique qui prend pourtant tout son sens dans le contexte américain, marqué par de très fortes discriminations, au moins jusqu'aux années 60.

The United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) was established by the UN Security Council on 25 October 1999 to administer the territory of East Timor towards independence in the wake of its violent separation from Indonesia. UNTAET largely fulfilled the elements of the security and governance mandate conferred on it by the Security Council, but this was not sufficient to create the conditions for lasting stability in the territory in the absence of a positive internal political settlement. In the process of constructing the machinery for the new state, UNTAET influenced the character of the political settlement that was taking shape across Timor's elites and the wider society in unintended ways. To demonstrate this, this article considers three areas: the political space that opened up under UNTAET; the organization of the transitional government; and constitution-making for the future state of Timor-Leste. The article concludes that UNTAET misread the local context, leading it to pay insufficient attention to the complex political dynamic playing out around it and to the profound institutional consequences of its policy choices.

Tower Building is a practical, hands-on, interactive, and high energy experiential learning activity. Working at tables in teams consisting of 1 leader and 3-4 workers, teams compete to become the world's best Tower Builder. Over 3 simulated years (90 min total including debrief), teams annually develop a strategy, determine roles, align people to roles, forecast results, execute their strategy, are measured on their results, deal with challenges, and continuously improve their strategy each year. Similar to the real world, each year the teams encounter an unknown wrinkle. Consulting advice is available and teams get benchmarks for how they are performing relative to others in the room and relative to a Hall of Fame.Tower Building contains very powerful lessons relating to Leadership, Teamwork, Adapting to Change, Innovation, Culture, Being ''busy'' vs being ''productive'', Overcoming Challenges, Process Improvement, Accountability For Results, Communication, Planning, Execution, and Continuous Improvement in Real-Time etc.This simulation has been delivered to groups ranging in size from 10-200 people. Audiences have spanned sectors that include financial services, oil & gas, mining, healthcare, various levels of government, post-secondary institutions, etc. with outstanding feedback every time.

Government building within the Kremlin located in Moscow, Russia. ; https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fulbrightrussia2018-images/1188/thumbnail.jpg

This book provides a unique and intriguing insight into current debates concerning the relationship between nation and state as well as the political management of international image in today's Europe through an examination of debates on nation branding and the Eurovision Song Contest. Europe is a contested construct and its boundaries are subject to redefinition. This work aims to advance critical thinking about contemporary nation branding and its relationship to, and influence on, nation building. In particular it focusses on key identity debates that the Eurovision Song Contest engendered in Estonia in the run-up to EU accession. The Eurovision Song Contest is an event which is often dismissed as musically and culturally inferior. However, this work demonstrates that it has the capacity to shed light on key identity debates and illuminate wider socio-political issues. Using a series of in-depth interviews with political elites, media professionals and opinion leaders, this book is a valuable contribution to the growing field of research on nation branding and the Eurovision Song Contest.

A framework for nation-building that recognizes the reality of persistent conflict in transitional nations is presented. The predominant characteristics of persistent conflict are identified including the militarization of young male populations, the continued flow of arms & other military provisions into local settings, & the formation of inadequate infrastructures in adjacent countries that must deal with humanitarian crises caused by large refugee populations. Several processes required to produce a peaceful transition from conflict to stability are then highlighted, eg, replacing economic & political secrecy with transparency & allowing market economies to flourish while martial economies subside. Ten essential functions to be performed by all modern states are subsequently illuminated including establishing monopolistic control over the means of violence, using domestic organizations to manage public finance, formulating citizenship obligations & rights that for all groups, granting the state authority over international relations, & implementing the rule of law. The international community is strongly encouraged to facilitate state-building in regions afflicted by persistent conflict; the ramifications of this proposition for the international community are consequently pondered, eg, demonstrating a willingness to provide substantial resources early in the state-building process to facilitate the transition to stability. J. W. Parker