Suchergebnisse

Introduction -- PART I: The Rule of Law – General reflections -- Estado de Derecho y Democracia -- The Rule of Law and Democracy in Latin America -- Rule of Law, Democracy and the digital sector -- Preconditions to avoid constitutional crisis: some reflections on appointment procedure of constitutional justices -- Rule of law as a universal "value" -- Rule of Law Concept and its Development by the EU Constitutional Justice -- PART II: Rule of Law and Pandemic -- The Main Trends in Constitutional Jurisprudence Developed by Constitutional Courts during the COVID-19 Pandemic -- Emergencia y Jurisdicción Constitucional -- Common courts' right to constitutional review in the face of the threat to the rule of law – the case of Poland -- Pandemic and the Rule of Law -- The emergency in Estonia, fundamental rights and the rule of law -- Limitations of civil rights during a period of introduction of extraordinary measures in Poland vis-à-vis the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus -- Limiting fundamental rights by governmental regulations – An illiberal response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland -- Constitutional Restrictions of Human Rights under the State of Emergency -- Health State of Emergency and Management of the Pandemic – The Italian Experience -- The Covid 19 pandemic and Italian constitutional law. Some reflections on the sources of law -- Estado de Derecho y Restricción de Derechos Fundamentales durante la Pandemia en Brasil: La Actuación del Supremo Tribunal -- Protecting the Rule of Law: Once again about the Legitimacy and Competences of the Constitutional Courts -- El Constitucionalismo ante la pandemia del Covid-19 en el Perú -- Rule of Law and the Pandemic – The Experience of the Republic of Moldova -- Estado de Derecho y lesiones de los Derechos Fundamentales en el estado de alarma o emergencia por el COVID-19 -- PART III: Conclusion -- Concluding Remarks.

Gender, Vulnerability and Disaster -- A Critical Introduction to Gender and Disaster: Learning from women survivors in Northeast Japan -- Mainstreaming Gender into Disaster Recovery Policy and Practice: A Case Study of the Post-Earthquake Period in Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia -- : Health Literacy about Covid-19 Prevention Among Women in Low-Income Families in Indonesia -- Vulnerability and Resilience of Indigenous Women in Taiwan after a Disaster: Rebuilding a community -- The Vulnerability of Farmers and Post-Disaster Occupational Recovery at the Local Level: Policy Directions and Practical Guidelines in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand -- Local Government Initiatives to Foster Post-Tsunami Resilience in a Rural Coastal Community in West Java, Indonesia -- Emergence of Unconventional Risks and Hazards: Building coping capacities for most at-risk urban communities: Focusing on Malaysia -- Toward Climate-Resilient Development and Management: Developing indicators of climate hazards in Malaysia -- Volunteerism and Disaster Resilience: Institutional Design for Reducing Migrant Workers' Vulnerability to Floods in Thailand -- Feeling and Drawing the Invisible: Identifying Vulnerability through Alternative Expressions of the 2011 Northeast Japan Disaster -- Looking Forward: Making Disaster Less Devastating.

Introduction -- Influence of Government Policies and Individual Decisions on the Commuting of Poor Workers in Hong Kong -- Impacts of Government Policies and Individual Decisions on the Commuting of Poor Workers in Singapore -- Neighbourhood Effects Influence the Commuting of the Poor in Deprived Urban Neighbourhoods of Hong Kong and Singapore -- Impacts of the Suburbanization Policy on the Spatial Mismatch Commuting of Workers in Hong Kong and Singapore -- Comparing Policies between Hong Kong and Singapore with a Focus on the Commuting of the Poor.

This Element examines technology-assisted grooming of children for sex - henceforth, online grooming - as an illegal practice of communicative manipulation and, as such, something that research within the academic field of forensic linguistics is ideally placed to help counter. The analysis draws upon online grooming datasets of different sizes and provenance, including from law enforcement, and deploys different analytic techniques from primarily discourse analysis. Three features of online grooming discourse are focussed on: groomers' use of manipulation tactics; groomers' abuse of power asymmetries; and children's communication during online grooming. The Element also discusses ways in which findings derived from richly contextualised analysis of online grooming discourse can - when combined with co-creation projects involving child-safeguarding groups, children and lived-experience experts - add considerable value to societal efforts to counter online grooming and other forms of online child sexual exploitation and abuse.

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to seep into more areas of society and culture, critical social perspectives on its technologies are more urgent than ever before. Bringing together state-of-the-art research from experienced scholars across disciplines, this Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of critical AI studies. Moving beyond narrow technological definitions of AI, the Handbook provides readers with an in-depth understanding of its social, ethical and political implications. Chapters cover a broad range of timely issues related to AI, including the risk of bias and discrimination in its systems, its impact on democracy and governance, concerns surrounding privacy and surveillance, and the use of its technologies in decision-making processes. Underscoring the urgent need for deeper critical analyses of AI, the Handbook constitutes a major contribution to the ongoing discussion about what critical studies of AI can entail, what questions they may pose, and what concepts they can offer to address them. Rich in theoretical and empirical analysis, this cutting-edge Handbook will prove an invaluable resource for students and scholars of digital sociology and science and technology studies. Its extensive coverage of this emerging field will also appeal to practitioners, developers and policymakers seeking orientation in the complex social and political dynamics of AI

"This book describes opposing American views and behaviors during the Covid-19 pandemic. It references how American trends influenced how Americans responded to the pandemic by either dismissing it as overblown or fearing it and adjusting their lives."

"The essays in this volume address the chief challenges and principal tensions in the operation of our civil society in order to consider possible paths forward. It will be of interest to scholars of American history and politics, to thoughtful citizens and leaders facing present challenges, and to students and future Americans confronting the ongoing challenges of our times"--

"Artificial intelligence (AI) is beginning to appear in everything from writing, social media, and business to wartime or intelligence strategy. With so many applications in our everyday lives and in the systems that run them, many are demanding that ethical implications are considered before any one application of AI goes too far and causes irreparable damage to the personal data or operations of individuals, governments, and organizations. For instance, AI that is fed data sets that are influenced by human data collection method biases may be perpetuating societal biases with implicit bias that can create serious consequences. Applications of AI with implicit bias on recidivism prediction models as well as medical algorithms have shown biases against certain racial or ethnic groups, leading to actual discrimination in treatment by the legal system and the medical systems.Regulatory groups may identify the bias in AI but not the source of the bias, making it difficult to determine who to hold accountable. Lack of dataset and programming transparency can be problematic when AI systems are used to make significant decisions, and as AI systems become more advanced, questions arise regarding responsibility for the results of their implementation and the regulation thereof. Research on how these applications of AI are affecting interpersonal and societal relationships is important for informing much-needed regulatory policies.Investigating the Impact of AI on Ethics and Spirituality focuses on the spiritual implications of AI and its increasing presence in society. As AI technology advances, it raises fundamental questions about our spiritual relationship with technology. This study emphasizes the need to examine the ethical considerations of AI through a spiritual lens and to consider how spiritual principles can inform its development and use. This book covers topics such as data collection, ethical issues, and AI and is ideal for educators, teacher trainees, policymakers, academicians, researchers, curriculum developers, higher-level students, social activists, and government officials."--

"The digital age has brought about significant changes to our society, creating a complex and ever-evolving digital landscape. To navigate this landscape effectively, it is crucial to foster a deep understanding of ethics and citizenship in all domains of life. This imperative holds true at every level of education, and it is equally important to explore the historical origins of these concepts. Critical Roles of Digital Citizenship and Digital Ethics delves into the multifaceted realm of digital ethics and citizenship, shedding light on the latest research studies conducted in the educational field, as well as insights from the humanities, history, social sciences, sociology, and civics.This comprehensive research handbook provides a platform for in-depth discussions and empirical investigations into the philosophical foundations and practical implications of digital citizenship. By examining how digital ethics have been and continue to be shaped, the book offers valuable insights into the ways in which educators and researchers can approach these topics in the realm of education. Designed for researchers in humanities, sociology, and educational fields, as well as students seeking a deeper understanding of the historical and contemporary dimensions of digital ethics and digital citizenship, this book offers a rich exploration of their roots and current implications. It explores the historical underpinnings of these concepts, advocates for asset-based approaches to digital citizenship, and examines the current educational strategies implemented at both the K-12 and post-secondary levels. Additionally, it delves into the theoretical foundations of digital ethics and citizenship, considering the impact of digital landscapes on young learners, adolescents, and adults. The book also presents insightful reports on the latest studies pertaining to digital ethics and digital citizenship."--

Many of India's most disadvantaged citizens face severe social and economic challenges. Social Sector Development and Inclusive Growth in India poses the essential question of whether growth strategies based on the human development approach, that is, social sector development, render growth inclusive. This comprehensive study considers all components of the social sector in aggregate and also covers both the financial and physical aspects to answer this question. Author Ishu Chadda examines the various World Bank reports and scholarly literature on this subject to quantify inclusiveness in India. Her research further highlights the major dimensions of inclusive development like poverty alleviation, employment generation, and access to equal participation. Chadda's research has been conducted to scrutinize the long-run and short-run association between the social sector and inclusive growth in India using the Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. Further, she looks at the relationship between social sector development and inclusive growth in India at a macro-level. Inclusive and sustainable economic growth is essential for a fair society and is thus a key component of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This timely study will provide vital information to academic researchers and postgraduate students within as well as outside of the Indian context. Policy makers and practitioners of development studies, sociology and developmental economics will benefit from the key insights provided.