Suchergebnisse

Purpose
India is a rapidly developing economy with a rapidly expending internet infrastructure and among the largest Generation Z population. This generation is tech savvy and the access to technology and network creates a conducive environment for such usage. Internet banking for the same reasons is growing leaps and bounds. The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) has created disruptions in the traditional banking also. This paper aims to analyze the comfort level and usage of AI-enabled banking services by Generation Z.


Design/methodology/approach
The data is collected from 272 Generation Z members. The differential aspects, that is, the relationship of independent variables with dependent variables (AI-enabled internet banking), were analyzed using the structural equation modeling approach.


Findings
Defining factors for AI-enabled internet banking were identified. The results of factors were consistent with previous studies. It was found that the usage of AI-enabled internet banking services is insignificant, indicating that Generation Z does not perceive any advantage in using AI-enabled internet banking services.


Research limitations/implications
This paper does not incorporate age groups other than Generation Z. Further research could throw light on the difference based on age groups. Further research is required to deeply understand why Generation Z does not perceive AI-enabled internet services as very important.


Practical implications
It has been observed that internet banking is important for Generation Z, but they also place greater importance on interpersonal communication. Banks need to consider this in designing their internet banking services.


Originality/value
This paper addresses the gap between comfort with and usage of AI-enabled internet banking services, by Generation Z. This paper indicates that the comfort with AI-enabled internet banking services does not translate to usage.

В статье на основе впервые вводимых в научный оборот материалов грузинских и российских архивов прослежена история советской военной миссии П.П. Сытина в Грузии в 1920-1921 годах и ее разведывательная деятельность с момента прибытия миссии в Грузию и до начала советизации этой страны. Рассмотрены организация и ведение разведки, разведывательное освещение событий в белом Крыму, антибольшевистского повстанческого движения на Северном Кавказе, политики стран черноморского бассейна, международных отношений. ; The article on the basis of the archival data from Georgian and Russian archives introduced for the first time into scientific circulation deals with the history of the Soviet military mission of P.P. Sytin in Georgia and its intelligence activities in 1920-1921. The history of the mission is traced from its arrival in Georgia and up to the beginning of the sovietization process. The author examines several aspects of the problem, including organization of intelligence service, reconnaissance of the events in White Crimea, antibolshevist insurrection movement in the North Caucasus, policies of the Black sea region countries and international affairs.

Controlled Natural Languages (CNL) are artificial languages that use a subset of the vocabulary, morphological forms and syntactical constructions of a natural language while eliminating its polysemy. In a way, they constitute the bridge between formal languages and natural languages. Therefore, they perform the communicative function of the textual mode while being precise and computable by the machine without any ambiguity. In particular, they can be used to facilitate the population or update of knowledge bases within the framework of a human-machine interface.Since 1971, the French Marine Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service (SHOM) issues the French Coast Pilot Books Instructions nautiques , collections of general, nautical and statutory information, intended for use by sailors. These publications aim to supplement charts, in the sense that they provide the mariner with supplemental information not in the chart. They are mandatory for fishing and commercial ships. On the other hand, the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) issued standards providing information about navigational data exchange. Among these standards, one of a particular interest is the universal model of hydrographic data (S-100 standard, January, 2010).This thesis analyses the use of a CNL to represent knowledge contained in the Instructions nautiques. This CNL purpose is to act as a pivot between the writing of the text by the dedicated operator, the production of the printed or online publication, and the interaction with knowledge bases and navigational aid tools. We will focus especially on the interaction between the Instructions nautiques Controlled Natural Language and the corresponding Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC).More generally, this thesis asks the question of the evolution of a CNL and the underlying ontologies involved in the Instructions nautiques project. Instructions nautiques have the particularity of combining both strictness (numerical data, electronic charts, legislation) and a certain amount of ...

Controlled Natural Languages (CNL) are artificial languages that use a subset of the vocabulary, morphological forms and syntactical constructions of a natural language while eliminating its polysemy. In a way, they constitute the bridge between formal languages and natural languages. Therefore, they perform the communicative function of the textual mode while being precise and computable by the machine without any ambiguity. In particular, they can be used to facilitate the population or update of knowledge bases within the framework of a human-machine interface.Since 1971, the French Marine Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service (SHOM) issues the French Coast Pilot Books Instructions nautiques , collections of general, nautical and statutory information, intended for use by sailors. These publications aim to supplement charts, in the sense that they provide the mariner with supplemental information not in the chart. They are mandatory for fishing and commercial ships. On the other hand, the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) issued standards providing information about navigational data exchange. Among these standards, one of a particular interest is the universal model of hydrographic data (S-100 standard, January, 2010).This thesis analyses the use of a CNL to represent knowledge contained in the Instructions nautiques. This CNL purpose is to act as a pivot between the writing of the text by the dedicated operator, the production of the printed or online publication, and the interaction with knowledge bases and navigational aid tools. We will focus especially on the interaction between the Instructions nautiques Controlled Natural Language and the corresponding Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC).More generally, this thesis asks the question of the evolution of a CNL and the underlying ontologies involved in the Instructions nautiques project. Instructions nautiques have the particularity of combining both strictness (numerical data, electronic charts, legislation) and a certain amount of ...

In conflicts between a state and a non-state actor, such as a paramilitary or terrorist organization, when no official diplomatic relations and recognition exists, there is a need for actors who can serve as a "diplomatic avant-garde." This article identifies a diplomatic pattern in which breakthroughs occur through cooperative work between two types of actors: unofficial citizen diplomats and key figures in intelligence bodies. Each actor brings specific resources: unofficial actors have contacts with the non-state actor, while intelligence officers can offer backing from within the official system of the state. The article analyzes the topic using three case studies: Brendan Duddy and the MI6 officer Michael Oatley (UK and the Provisional IRA, 1975–1993); Willie Esterhuyse and the head of the South African National Intelligence Service, Neil Barnard (South African government and the ANC, 1987– 1990); and Gershon Baskin and the Mossad official David Meidan (Israel and Hamas, 2011). This study examines the unique relations between these two types of actors and how their collaboration promoted negotiations with non-state armed actors. It analyzes three stages: establishment of contact between these actors, persuasion of the relevant parties, and the breakthrough moment when talks shifted to an official back channel.

In May 2018 Bernard Collaery, a former Attorney-General of the Australian Capital Territory and long-term legal counsel to the government of East Timor, was charged by the Australian Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions with conspiracy to breach the Intelligence Services Act 2001. He was forbidden from talking about the charges against him, but under parliamentary privilege independent MP Andrew Wilkie revealed what has since been described as 'Australian politics' biggest scandal'. Five years earlier, after ASIO officers raided Collaery's home and office, Collaery told journalists that ASIS had been bugging the East Timorese government during negotiations over Timor Sea oil. He was about to represent East Timor; as well as calling the evidence of a former senior ASIS agent known publicly only as Witness K, at The Hague in a case against the Australian government. Oil Under Troubled Water relates the sordid history of Australian government dealings with East Timor, and how the actions of both major political parties have enriched Australia and its corporate allies at the expense of its tiny neighbour and wartime ally, one of the poorest nations in the world.

AbstractThe diagnosis of diseases is decisive for planning proper treatment and ensuring the well-being of patients. Human error hinders accurate diagnostics, as interpreting medical information is a complex and cognitively challenging task. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) can improve the level of diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. While the current literature has examined various approaches to diagnosing various diseases, an overview of fields in which AI has been applied, including their performance aiming to identify emergent digitalized healthcare services, has not yet been adequately realized in extant research. By conducting a critical review, we portray the AI landscape in diagnostics and provide a snapshot to guide future research. This paper extends academia by proposing a research agenda. Practitioners understand the extent to which AI improves diagnostics and how healthcare benefits from it. However, several issues need to be addressed before successful application of AI in disease diagnostics can be achieved.

Key Findings and Policy Suggestions While much of the discussion on economic transformation centres on transforming agriculture and moving into manufacturing, services are an underexplored component of economic transformation strategies. Services play a vital role in economic transformation and job creation in poor countries, but the effects are different from those in agriculture or manufacturing. Services affect developing countries, directly in the form of significant shares in gross domestic product, trade and foreign exchange, but also indirectly through productivity growth and enabling linkages with other sectors. Trade in services can support economic transformation. Notable examples of successful expansion of trade in services include the development of diversified financial services hubs in Kenya, health and business tourism in Mauritius, information and communication technology services in India, air transport in Ethiopia, and hydropower transmission services in Lesotho. Donors should focus more on enhancing their knowledge and understanding the relevance of a competitive services sector for the achievement of development goals, specifically through economic transformation and job creation. They can do this by supporting improvements in market intelligence, trade and regulatory data related to services; developing national export strategies in services; building a conducive policy environment in developing countries, including by setting up public-private dialogue and coalitions supporting services reform; and strengthening country capacity to collect data on services. The lack of quality data is a particular hindrance to policy-making in the area of services. Some data have begun to be available, including through recent support by donors, but further improvements on trade in services should focus on: -capturing all the modes of trade in services; -tracking south-south trade in services; -reconciling firm-level and national-level data; and -improving information on applied services policies. Trade policy is important. Openness leads to higher productivity in services firms, especially in least developed countries (LDCs), especially with appropriate domestic regulation. International negotiations in services can also support services trade in the poorest countries, including by giving preferential access to LDC exports (for example, facilitating market access by reducing the cost of visas and putting in place domestic support mechanisms to assist LDC providers to deal with administrative requirements). However, very few meaningful preferential trade measures have so far been offered in areas of comparative advantage of LDCs such as tourism, travel, construction and Mode 4. Aid for Trade for services is generally limited as a share of total aid. Targeting more aid to facilitate trade in services has great potential to be effective. ; Chapter Abstract: The promotion of economic transformation and economy-wide productivity and employment effects in services requires the availability of reliable and consistent data on at least the macro dimensions of services – output, employment, trade – to enable successful monitoring of any aid efforts towards this end. This essay discusses current services data availability and priorities for improvement.

1. Modeling local product development through multidisciplinary collaboration: A case study in Nagara, Chiba Prefecture in Japan -- 2. Developing reusable packaging for FMCG: Consumers' perceptions of benefits and risks of refillable and returnable packaging systems -- 3. Design, evaluation, and acceptance of advanced energy efficient houses for Thailand -- 4. Explore the Framework Construction of Gamification Applied to Basic Design Teaching -- 5. Future Design Based Policy Making Card Game For High School Education -- 6. Frugal innovation in BoP communities: co-design of a technical solution to support community agriculture in Mexico -- 7. Exploring frugal innovation as an eco-design strategy: a case study of a water access solution at the BoP -- 8. A methodical concept for the development of sustainable products through radical innovations -- 9. Thinking Model for Japanese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Innovation Explicated by OntoIS -- 10. Applying regenerative sustainability principles in manufacturing -- 11. The Potential for Reverse Innovation in Sustainable Development: A Knowledge-Directed Outlook -- 12. Finding applications for secondary raw materials -- 13. Digital product passports in circular economy – case battery passport -- 14. Data Platforms as tools for circular economy -- 15. Artificial Intelligence for Process Control In Remanufacturing -- 16. Machine Recognition of ICs in Recycling Process of Small-sized Electronics -- 17. Exploring new way media information of the product that promote sustainable consumption and production -- 18. Towards digital circular design -- 19. Circular furniture design: A case study from Swedish furniture industry -- 20. Current challenges in the lifetime extension of smartphones -- 21. Dielectric Elastomer Transducer (High Efficiency Actuator and Power Generation System) -- 22. Sustainable Services in Convenience Stores: a case study of food loss label -- 23. An Overview of Sustainability Held During 1992 to 2021 in China - An Industrial Design Perspective -- 24. Increased personal protective and Medical Equipment manufacturing to fight COVID-19: an egregious approach for the environment -- 25. Silver Recovery from Spent Photovoltaic Panel Sheets using Electrical Wire Explosion -- 26. Procedure Model to support the Recycling-oriented Design of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles -- 27. Holistic Eco-design Framework Developed Through a Case Study in the Automotive Industry -- 28. Depth and detail or quick and easy? Benefits and drawbacks of two approaches to define sustainability criteria in product development -- 29. Designing Interventions for Sustainability: A conceptual framework for information scoping in the design research phase -- 30. A Sustainable Product Service System (PSS) Design for Retail Food Loss and Waste: Research Through Design -- 31. Environmental and Economical Design Problem of Upgrading and Remanufacturing Option Selection -- 32. Renewable Energy System in the Off-grid Communities: The Systems' Characteristics and Storage Technologies -- 33. Optimal Cooling Strategy for Energy Management using Multi-Temperature Acquisition Points in a Protected Cropping Facility -- 34. Price – based demand response programs considering fixed and dynamic price elasticity matrix (PEM) of demand in the wholesale market in Japan -- 35. Wind Turbine Minimum Power Loss Optimization, using Nonlinear Mathematical Programming.

At the end of World War II, an estimated 30,000 Nazi war criminals fled from justice, including some of the highest ranking members of the Nazi Party. In this exhaustively researched work of history and investigative reporting, journalist Guy Walters gives a comprehensive account of how the most notorious Nazi war criminals escaped justice, how they were pursued, captured or able to remain free until their natural deaths, and how they were assisted on the run by "helpers" ranging from a Vatican bishop to a British camel doctor, and even members of Western intelligence services. Based on all new interviews with Nazi hunters and former Nazis and intelligence agents, travels along the actual escape routes, and archival research in Germany, Britain, the United States, Austria, and Italy, this book authoritatively debunks much of what has previously been understood about Nazis and Nazi hunters in the postwar era.--From publisher description

Im Zuge der Veröffentlichungen des früheren NSA-Mitarbeiters Edward Snowden im Jahr 2013 ist die Aufklärung internationaler Fernmeldeverkehre mit Wucht ins Blickfeld der Öffentlichkeit geraten. Zahlreiche mit den entsprechenden Aktivitäten des BND und der Bundeswehr einhergehende Rechtsfragen sind jedoch noch immer nicht hinreichend geklärt. Dies betrifft namentlich den territorialen Schutzgehalt des Grundrechts aus Art. 10 GG und damit den Schutz im Ausland befindlicher Ausländer vor Aufklärungsmaßnahmen deutscher Stellen. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht zunächst Inhalt und Reichweite des Fernmeldegeheimnisses und prüft anschließend an diesem Maßstab die Verfassungsmäßigkeit der unlängst novellierten Ermächtigungsgrundlagen. / »Signals Intelligence and Privacy of Telecommunications« -- Following the revelations of former NSA employee Edward Snowden, international SIGINT activities have increasingly come into the public´s focus. However, numerous legal issues related to such activities of Germany´s Federal Intelligence Service and Armed Forces have still not been adequately resolved. This study examines the scope of the fundamental right to privacy of telecommunications provided for by the German Constitution and, by this measure, the constitutionality of the recently amended legal basis for such activities.

This chapter sets out a general overview of key facets of Canada's counter-terrorism law enacted between 2001 to 2015 and related case law. It addresses the definition of terrorism and new terrorism offences added to the Criminal Code in 2001; terrorism prosecutions and sentences; investigative powers of police and intelligence agencies (the Canadian Security Intelligence Service and the Canadian Security Establishment); the listing of terrorism offences or individuals; terrorism financing and related offences; immigration detention; the use of evidence obtained by torture; the role of the military and extra-territorial counter-terrorism activities; secrecy claims and evidence; and remedies for serious violations of human rights in the course of counter-terrorism. The chapter also contains a brief post-script addressing the content of bills C-44 (Protection of Canada from Terrorism Act) and C-51 (Anti-Terrorism Act, 2015). ; Peer reviewed