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Constructivist IR scholars study the ways in which international norms, culture, and identities-all intersubjective phenomena-inform foreign policy and affect the reaction to and outcomes of international events. Political psychologists similarly investigate divergent national self-conceptions as well as the individual cognitive and emotional propensities that shape ideology and policy. Given their mutual interest in human subjectivity and identity politics, a dialogue and synthesis between constructivism and political psychology is long overdue. The contributors to this volume discuss both theoretical and empirical issues of complementarity and critique, with an emphasis on the potential for integrating the viewpoints within a progressive ideational paradigm. Moreover, they make a self-conscious effort to interrogate, rather than gloss over, their differences in the hope that such disagreements will prove particularly rich sources of analytical and empirical insight

Throughout its history, IR has been dominated by 'realism', an approach based on a juridical totalising concept of the state. Its relation to political science is defined by the shared concern with the 'pertinence' of the international, ie. how far specific political and social systems are, and are not, affected and determined by factors beyond their frontiers. (Abstract amended)

Achieving sustainable development goals at a global level will strongly depend on the rapid technological development and innovation, and the widespread diffusion and application, of cleaner technologies in non-OECD as well as OECD countries. But do the developing countries have the capacity and motivation to take advantage of cleaner technology options? What are their needs? And what are the barriers which must be addressed? Arresting the impending environmental imbalances and ecological instability and moving towards sustainable development call for establishing a new multilateral framework for co-operation in environmental science and technology.

Iriye, A.: American women and foreign affairs. S. 13-20. Zunz, O.: Exporting American individualism. S. 21-30. Dallek, R.: Shifting race relations in America in the 1960s and U.S. policy toward Asia. S. 31-40. Notehelfer, F. G.: Village headman, landlords and the Gaikoku in Meiji Japan. S. 41-50. Duus, P.: Economic interdependence and U.S.-Japan relations during the interwar period. S. 51-62. Jansen, M. B.: Intellectuals, social change and foreign policy in interwar Japan. S. 63-73

Examines the effects of economic globalization on division of labor & gender inequities in the information technology industry, using a case study of a US insurance company with subsidiaries in Ireland, Barbados, & the Dominican Republic. Subsidiaries in the three developing countries exhibited low wages, high levels of young female employment, routinization of production, & little unionization. It is argued that new trade & tax policies, eg, the North American Free Trade Agreement, that offer incentives to businesses that open subsidiaries in developing countries, hurt women through low wages, discrimination, & sexual assaults, as in the case of maquiladora workers in Mexico. Further, the expansion of the information technology industry has fragmented the production process & stifled worker creativity by valuing repetitive & meaningless tasks. The algorithmic approach to computer-rationalized production has overcome space restrictions & resulted in severe stratification of less skilled & professional workers, & allows poorly paid, low skill jobs to move to developing countries. It is argued that economic necessity will force US labor to pursue international solidarity with foreign labor. C. Ryan

Income convergence across countries turns on whether technological knowledge spillovers are global or local. I estimate the amount of spillovers from R&D expenditures on a geographic basis, using a new data set which encompasses most of the world's innovative activity between 1970 and 1995. I find that technology is to a substantial degree local, not global, as the benefits from spillovers are declining with distance. The distance at which the amount of spillovers is halved is about 1,200 kilometers. I also find that over time, technological knowledge has become considerably more global. Moreover, language skills are important for spillover diffusion.