Suchergebnisse

This paper explores whether an individual's news source can explain their attitudes on immigration. We focus on the Spanish-speaking population in the U.S., since they have the option of accessing their news in English, Spanish or in both languages. Our audience influence hypothesis predicts that Spanish-language news will cover immigration in a more positive and informative manner than will English-language news. Thus, Latinos who use Spanish-language news may have a higher likelihood of possessing pro-immigrant sentiments than Latinos who only use English-language news. Content analysis of Spanish and English-language television news segments reveals variations in the tone and substance of these news outlets. Analysis of Latino survey respondents indicates that immigration attitudes vary by news source. Generational status also influences Latinos' immigration attitudes, though its impact is not as great as one's news source. Adapted from the source document.

By offering a comprehensive survey of the theories pertaining to the literature produced by Iranian expatriate communities, this essay argues that the many faces of "emigration literature" indeed reflect the immigrants' varied experiences of their departure and their host societies. Furthermore, the essay pursues the points of divergence of this genus of literature to show how, ironically, various strands and different works in Iranian emigration literature contribute to the diversity of literature in their host societies. This "dual function" characterizes emigration literature: on the one hand, as a literature of departure from a homeland that vanishes in memory, this strand of literature narrates the existential dilemmas of the loss of a past in one's homeland; on the other hand, the existential settlement in the host land drifts such narrative into an ever-expanding future not necessarily bound by a place. Emigration literature dwells in this terra nulleum.

Personne n'a encore évalué les composantes de l'accroissement de la population totale du Québec depuis Jacques Cartier. Le caractère original de ce périlleux exercice consiste principalement à intégrer les effectifs autochtones. En dépit des nombreuses hypothèses et approximations, les résultats portant sur 450 ans ne s'éloignent sans doute pas beaucoup de la réalité. Quelque 15 millions et demi de personnes ont vécu au Québec depuis 1534. Parmi elles, quatre sur cinq sont nées sur place. L'incertitude apparaît beaucoup plus grande à l'échelle de chaque demi-siècle, surtout avant 1884. L'évaluation de l'immigration reste fort délicate, y compris pour les périodes les plus récentes. De 1934 à 1984 seulement, les immigrants, tout comme les émigrants d'ailleurs, surpassent en nombre la population totale de 1884. De tels aperçus statistiques font ressortir le caractère relatif des principaux faits de notre histoire démographique.

This article addresses an understudied area in studies of immigration—why patterns of acculturation of second-generation immigrants vary. To address this question, I draw on ethnographic research conducted among second-generation South Asian Muslims in New York City. Sociologists generally assume that acculturation is an inevitable process, and that it proceeds from less to more. I argue that acculturation is a more complex process that varies over time and situation for individuals, and can even go from more to less acculturation. Building on Judith Harris's group socialisation theory and Murray Milner Jr.'s theory of status relations, I propose that acculturation is a dynamic status process, and that we can better understand variations in patterns of acculturation of individuals by looking at their peers—the kinds of intimate associations that individuals make, and the kinds of peer group norms to which individuals conform.

In this article, we explore Swedish men's relations to fatherhood in general and in particular to the new ideal of the caring and present father. We argue that the image of contemporary hegemonic masculinity is gradually changing. Reforms and informational strategies are used to enhance and create the "new father." In this article, we explore and analyze how four different groups of Swedish men—Christian men, psychotherapists, a male network, and immigrant men—relate to and discuss issues concerning new gender ideals, the modern father, and fathers as important caretakers. These issues are explored through four focus group interviews. The results from the study point toward the influences of factors such as age, social background, and religion. We also see that the ideology of gender equality has a strong general influence on men's ways of relating to and phrasing these issues.

La fréquence exceptionnelle du suicide au Québec, depuis une trentaine d'années, est-elle généralisée, où se concentre-t-elle surtout dans sa majorité ethnoculturelle, de tradition canadienne-française ? Tandis qu'elle se stabilisait dans la région montréalaise, elle augmentait en périphérie. Est-ce dû au fait que les immigrants et les anglophones se concentrent en métropole ? Une comparaison entre les districts de CLSC de l'Île de Montréal selon leur rang sur l'échelle du suicide et sur celle d'autres indicateurs comme la langue maternelle, le statut d'immigrant, la religion, la solitude et la pauvreté, puis, plus succinctement, entre les régions du Québec, confirme que le suicide semble plus courant dans les milieux de vieille souche francophone. Mais pour en explorer davantage les raisons, il faudrait mieux comprendre comment le logement solitaire ou le faible revenu infléchissent les probabilités de se donner la mort.

Three mysteries surround Henry Roth (1906–95), the Rip Van Winkle of American authors: 1) Why was Call It Sleep ignored in 1934 but acclaimed in 1964? 2) Why did Roth renounce literary life after Call It Sleep? 3) What compelled Roth, in his eighties and dying, to summon the fortitude to create the tetralogy Mercy of a Rude Stream? The Depression was an inauspicious time for an immigrant novice's novel about life among the lowly, whereas it found a receptive public in 1964, when ethnicity was fashionable and American Jews were eager to affirm a tradition. Roth's 60-year writer's block can be explained by the false lure of Marxism as well as Roth's alienation from his Jewish roots. The most cogent explanation is that only approaching death could this autobiographical author confront his adolescent incest. His final torrent of creativity was self-abasement and cathartic redemption.

SummaryAn isonymic analysis has been carried out using a sample of 1529 reconstituted families residing during 1870–1964 in Aranjuez, an urban area situated south of Madrid, Spain. The random, non-random and total-components inbreeding coefficients from isonymy were obtained and the various combinations of surnames compared in order to infer the patri- or matrilocal pattern of residence. Throughout the period studied the random component of inbreeding (Fr) has not changed, in contrast to the non-random component (Fn), thus suggesting the latter could be responsible for the reduction of total inbreeding. Using several methodological approaches (biplot analysis, α, ν and percentage of immigrants) the predominance of the immigration of grooms was interpreted in terms of Aranjuez as a matrilocal pattern of residence. From this study it can also be concluded that surnames provided by reconstituted families are good estimators of inbreeding and migration.

For something more about one century, the laicism is one of the signs of identity of the culture & the European politics. Nevertheless, the unique model of "laity" does not exist in the continent, & for it, it is necessary to analyze the relation among the French laicism & other lay present cultures in diverse countries. Simultaneously, it is suitable to explore the differences between secularization & "laicizacion". In the last two decades intense debates are taking place on a new laicism, 'which are associated with an evaluation of the lights & shades of a century of

L'expression « l'histoire est l'histoire des émigrations » est une affirmation courante. Néanmoins, l'actuelle orientation des flux migratoires et les changements quantitatifs et qualitatifs qui se sont produits dans ce domaine, ont suscité des nouveaux défis qui affectent plusieurs disciplines. À l'heure actuelle, la communauté internationale prête beaucoup d'attention aux phénomènes de traite des êtres humains et de trafic illicite de migrants en tant que menace-que ce soit pour les droits les plus fondamentaux des immigrants que pour faire face à un sentiment d'insécurité dans les territoires d'accueil. Dans cet article nous exposerons la législation internationale et européenne qui prétend harmoniser les normes pénales des Etats ainsi que les normes espagnoles qui sanctionnent ces comportements. L'objectif est d'analyser dans quelle mesure la législation pénale espagnole s'adapte aux prévisions des Nations Unies et de l'Union Européenne, tout en construisant une réflexion globale de politique criminelle et de lege ferenda.

Abstract
In previous research, cultural proximity has been operationalized by 'hard facts' such as geographical distance, the exchange of goods or persons (tourists and immigrants) and the similarity of political systems. This article will try to complement current work in the field by suggesting a new operationalization derived from Hofstede's (1991) cultural dimensions. A survey was conducted in eight countries with a student sample (N = 325) to find out if international audiences which resemble each other in terms of Hofstede's (1991) cultural dimensions have similar attitudes towards U.S. prime-time fictional programming. The results show that Hofstede's four cultural dimensions significantly differentiate between the U.S.A., Asian and European countries in a student population. However, operationalizations based on geographical distance allow a better differentiation between nation-states in terms of how they evaluate U.S. fiction. It will be discussed whether cultural dimensions in general are able to measure cultural proximity.

A selection of fictional narratives written by Black Canadian women writers, who are themselves immigrants to Canada, speaks to some "unease" in the central characters' understanding of self, as well as their relation to the environments or places they occupy. The characters' concern about self in relation to place, Canada, both in terms of its physical and imaginative geographies, is depicted through their physical and psychical journeys. The literature reveals several psychological, sociological, and historical implications of migration and its effect on the Black female character's process of self-understanding. By employing the landscape as a metaphor of psychological reflection and/or self-awareness, these writers demonstrate the ways in which the Black female characters negotiate and articulate their understanding of self in relation to their environment and, in turn, the ways in which that engagement shapes their understanding of Canada and being Canadian.