Suchergebnisse

Classical Athens assimilated and disenfranchised a large, free immigrant population of "metics" on the basis of blood, generation after generation. Yet immigration politics remain a curiously displaced context for interpreting ancient Greek political thought and its instructive criticisms of democratic citizenship. Accordingly, Euripides's Ion—the only classical text devoted to exploring the founding myth Athens used to naturalize metics' exclusion from citizenship–is underexamined by political theorists. Attending to the play's metic figurations and historical-poetic contexts, this essay argues that the Ion is a hitherto unappreciated immigration fable about the paradoxes of blood-based citizenship. Drawing ultimately on the work of Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, it shows that the tragedy is a still-relevant political critique of the practices of concealment and disclosure—so dominant in today's U.S. immigration rights debate—that make political status look prior to and generative of citizenship practice.

The current study focuses on three dimensions of treatment neighborhood environments that may influence treatment retention: neighborhood disadvantage, stability, and concentrated immigration. We examined treatment outcomes for a total of 9,319 individuals who were admitted for initial treatment in 56 outpatient clinics in Cook County, Illinois. Census-tract-level data were used to measure facility neighborhood environment. We found that neighborhood disadvantage was unrelated to individual treatment completion. Immigrant concentration was found to increase the likelihood of substance abuse treatment completion, although it was attenuated after controlling for patient problem severity and referral sources. Neighborhood stability was found to be positively related to treatment completion. These results suggest that knowledge of neighborhood context should be an important consideration when making placement decisions of new treatment facilities. Knowledge of neighborhood impact on treatment attrition should also be considered essential information to be used for client placement, treatment program design, and discharge protocols.

Despite awareness in social work and related literatures that sociocultural power dynamics are reproduced in practice, there is little research on how whiteness manifests as an oppressive discourse in clinical settings. This article analyzes audio-recorded therapy sessions between white therapists and racialized immigrant clients from an urban community mental health center in Canada to explore the ways in which whiteness shapes clinical encounters. Using poststructural theories of discourse and conversation analysis, the authors examine how discursive strategies that therapists and clients use in therapy sessions produce and reify whiteness as a prominent feature of cross-cultural communication. The findings illustrate how therapists maintain whiteness as an unmarked norm in their assessment of individual development and the family life cycle and how clients respond to, negotiate with, and resist whiteness, which positions them as subordinate others in Canada. The authors conclude with a discussion of implications for practice and future research.

Local policies for immigrants in recent years have attracted a growing interest among scholars. It is increasingly accepted that they are distinct units of analysis in the governance of migration, with significant degrees of autonomy with regard to national policies. Most of the literature, however, deals with the inclusive role of local policies. The argument of this article, on the contrary, is the development of local policies aimed to exclude migrants from various kinds of benefits and rights. It is based on a pilot research, conducted in Lombardy (northern Italy), on seventy cases, referred to forty-seven different local authorities. Then, the outcome of these policies is analysed: the exclusion of migrants is a tool to seek political consent, but is also a battlefield, where anti-discrimination institutions, advocacy groups and courts react against the measures approved by local authorities.

This Article analyzes how refugee lawyers in the United Kingdom navigate the tension between state power and international norms. Based on interviews with lawyers representing persons seeking asylum and other forms of refugee protection in the United Kingdom, the Article reveals how these lawyers successfully utilize international human rights treaties on behalf of their clients despite domestic policies making it more difficult for refugees to assert their rights. The Article argues that U.K. refugee lawyers play a critical role in the globalization struggle by encouraging state actors (in this case, the judiciary) to adhere to international norms that might otherwise go ignored in an anti-immigrant political climate. In so doing, these lawyers have helped to broaden the sources on which state power over immigration is based. The Article thus contributes to the literature on the devolution of state power in an era of globalization, as well as cause lawyering.

It is important to recognize the political and policy accomplishments of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), anticipate its limitations, and use the levers it provides strategically to address the problems it does not resolve. Passage of the ACA broke the political logjam that long stymied national progress toward equitable, quality, universal, affordable health care. It extends coverage for the uninsured who are disproportionately low income and people of color, curbs health insurance abuses, and initiates improvements in the quality of care. However, challenges to affordability and cost control persist. Public health advocates should mobilize for coverage for abortion care and for immigrants, encourage public-sector involvement in negotiating health care prices, and counter disinformation by opponents on the right. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print February 14, 2013: e1-e4. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301180).

The literature on disability, gender and "race" has benefited from the political economy perspective. With its emphasis on unmasking the workings of power, this perspective has brought into relief the systemic, institutionalized and spatial oppression of disabled persons, compounded in the case of gender and "race." This narrative of deconstruction, however, remains incomplete in the absence of voice and subjectivity of persons with disabilities. Using narrative moments, recounted by an immigrant woman with two "disabled" children, this paper makes a case for an integrated framework for a study of racialized persons with disabilities. Here, the margins2 are not out there in other spaces; they form part of the centre whose existence is brought into question by alternative and demedicalized spaces. The data are drawn from a larger study of health and well being of South Asian East African women in metropolitan Vancouver, Canada.

CARIM-East: Creating an Observatory of Migration East of Europe ; Version in other language: Migration Policy Centre: CARIM-East Research Report 2013/41 ; The study focuses on a comparative analysis of the integration policies and practices in the CARIM-East countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Russia. It is conducted within the framework of an EU funded project "Creating an Observatory of Migration East of Europe" (CARIM-East project). This comparative study is based on the individual country reports, which were drafted by the national rapporteurs of the CARIM-East project. The methodology follows the legal standards and policy objectives adopted by the EU on immigrant integration in various sources. It has been taken into account that integration is a relatively recent phenomenon for the EU and for CARIM-East countries. ; CARIM-East is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union.

Using a bivariate probit model to control for selective access to employment, with this paper I aim to see whether, as expected by theory, migration lowers the problem of overeducation and gender division raises it, paying particular attention to the role of the proximity, interactions, and externalities of the various regions in the EU. The results show that workers with low probability of employment run a high risk of overeducation when they find a job. However, the results do not show evidence that male immigrants run a lower risk of overeducation than others. Highly educated people are more likely to migrate within a country not only to achieve better career prospects and greater employment opportunities but also to reduce the propensity for overeducation. The economic development and educational endowment of the region where a worker lives can explain the risk of overeducation.

В работе рассматривается противоречивая земельная политика Российского государства касающаяся территорий коренных народов Южной Сибири в XVIII в. С одной стороны политика Сибирского приказа в отношении заселения края носила административно-ограничительный характер. В связи с проведением ясачной политики государством запрещалось земледельческая колонизация края. С другой стороны миграционные процессы русских переселенцев и хозяйственное развитие требовали наличия свободных земельных фондов пригодных для земледелия и скотоводства. ; The article deals with a controversial land policy of the Russian state in the lands of indigenous peoples of Southern Siberia in the XVIII century. On the one hand government policy with regard to settlement edges wore administrative restrictive. In connection with the this policy, the state prohibited agricultural colonization of territories belonging to indigenous peoples. On the other hand migrations of Russian immigrants, and economic development required a free land reserves suitable for agriculture and animal husbandry.

ObjectivesResearch has suggested that geosocial exposure to out‐groups is associated with heightened threat perceptions on the part of the dominant white majority. However, findings are not consistent.MethodsDrawing on realistic group conflict theory and research in political science that privileges the role of the economic context, we test if the effects of geosocial exposure are conditioned on individual expectations about the health of the macroeconomy using a unique data set from the New England states.ResultsWe show that a perceived increase in the presence of immigrants in the community positively correlates with restrictionist immigration policy preferences (in this case support for Arizona's anti‐immigration law), but only when people are pessimistic about the future of the state's economy.ConclusionThe information provided by the social context becomes relevant for people's policy preference formation only when they experience or expect material loss.

AbstractJohn F. Kennedy is remembered as the consummate American politician of his day, but he was also shaped by a distinct ethnic-religious tradition, that of Catholic Irish-Americans in the US. The often tragic history of Ireland is not easily reconciled with the power and glamour of the Kennedy family, but John Kennedy was closer to his immigrant roots than perhaps any other president. That heritage was often evident in his early political career and his rise to the White House. It was necessarily less obvious once he became president of a large and diverse nation. In the final months of his presidency, as he began to set a clearer direction for the nation both at home and abroad, he found time to visit Ireland. This seemingly sentimental journey had a more serious tone as well, as Kennedy recognized the origins of modern Irish nationalism.

Массовая иммиграция в Федеративную Республику Германия во второй половине ХХ в. стала одним из важнейших событий в новейшей экономической истории страны. Федеративная республика впервые столкнулась с таким явлением как приезд и укоренение иммигрантов из стран Ближнего Востока, Северной Африки и Южной Европы. Интерес к данным аспектам проблемы вызван поиском решений для экономических задач, которые ставит будущее перед Германией и странами Европейского союза. ; Mass immigration to the Federal Republic of Germany in the second half of the 20th century became one of the most important events in the contemporary economic history of the country. The Federal Republic for the first time faced such a phenomenon as arrival and rooting of immigrants from Middle East, North Africa and Southern Europe. The interest in such aspects of the problem is caused by the search of solutions to economic problems which appear before Germany and the European Union countries.

As new immigrants to Canada, Regina painter Huang Zhongyang and other cultural workers add to our diverse visual heritage. Although he left the People's Republic of China after the end of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, his memories of senseless violence, with Communist leader Mao Zedong pitting neighbor against neighbor, son against father, scarred his psyche, which he has turned into oil paintings. These paintings of Huang's memories of the Cultural Revolution rarely are displayed publicly, except occasionally. The intent of this article is to discuss his paintings in relation to actual events during the 1960s to 1970s. History painting, a 19th Century European genre, has become a bygone category of art, but in the hands of Huang, memory, a postmodern concern, is aroused by these very poignant images often created after popular images taken from newspapers and television, thus reflecting the contemporary interest in photographs.

In June 2012 the European Commission received the backing of the member states to launch a visa liberalisation process with Turkey in exchange for a readmission agreement that obliges Ankara to take back illegal immigrants who passed through Turkey as a transit country. This is remarkable in view of the rejection by several member states of the perspective of a visa free travel for Turks. My process tracing analysis suggests that the key to explaining this development is the argumentative strength of the European Commission, stemming from the necessity to cooperate with Turkey on migration and the norms of procedures, set in previous readmission negotiations, as well as the coalition between the Commission and the Danish Council Presidency . The article further explores which conditions Turkey now needs to fulfil for the visa waiver of its citizens. Adapted from the source document.