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This study considers academic identity and the performance of identity work in the context of the design and delivery of new degree apprenticeships. Recent UK Policies have driven many changes in UK higher education, including the rapid development of new awards combining an apprenticeship with a full bachelor's or master's degree. Delivery requires university partnerships with industry, supported by significant government funding-and targets. Semi-structured in-depth interviews identified the pressures on 30 participants to retain academic identity in managing relationships with a range of different partners as shown in a generative model of academic identity work. Results show the ambiguities and uncertainties embedded in supporting academic identity, with stress caused by managerial approaches and difficulties in maintaining the identity of 'a proper academic' with implications for university management. Introduction This article explores how rapid changes in UK higher education policy and systems affect academic identity. Specifically, the recent development of apprenticeships at degree level is discussed as a context to consider how academics form and support identity, during the design and delivery of these new workplace integrated degrees. These awards are part of the changes in the academic landscape described by Degn (2015, 1179) which put pressures put on academic identities through the rise of "entrepreneurialism, accountability and what is increasingly known in academia as new managerialism" (Deem et al, 2007). The higher education system in the UK has been subject to many overlapping policy initiatives in the last 5 years, changing curriculum, research and knowledge exchange assessments, altering funding models and the ability to recruit foreign students (Universities UK, 2018). This paper is important in considering how the individual academic is impacted, in their efforts to implement changing institutional imperatives.

Two computer-generated tree icons plus one icon copied from a nursery catalog were designed with five variations each in canopy size, trunk height, and trunk width. Seven classes of students selected the most attractive tree forms. Respondents showed a preference for larger canopies and for smaller and thinner trunks. Preferred canopy size was positively related to trunk thickness and less to trunk height. The results support the predictions of habitat theory regarding preferred tree shape and show the feasibility of using psychophysical methods to explore these issues.

Human resources are a resource needed by an organization, because human resources are sources that play an active role in running of an organization and decision-making process. The existence of human resources in a company or government agency plays a very important role. By improving quality of human resources, it is expected that employees can work productively and professionally so that employee's work performance is expected to be more satisfactory according to required work standards. This study aims to determine the effect of work environment, job training and punishment on work performance of non-civil servant employees. The case study of this research is at DPRD Secretariat of Merangin Regency. The type of research used in this study is quantitative research, sample of this research is non-civil servant employees at DPRD Secretariat of Merangin Regency. This sampling uses non-probability sampling. The tool used to collect data is in form of a questionnaire consisting of 40 questions, data is analyzed using Validity Test, Reliability Test, Multicollinearity Test, Normality Test, Heteroscedasticity Test, R2 Determination Coefficient Test, Multiple Multiple Regression Analysis Test, Partial Hypothesis Testing ( T-test), Simultaneous Hypothesis Testing (F-Test). The results of this study indicate that dependent variable work environment (X1), job training (X3) and punishment (X4) have a positive and significant effect on employee performance.

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed efforts to reduce the threat of biological weapons proliferation from the former Soviet Union, focusing on: (1) the potential threats that the former Soviet biological weapons institutes could pose to the United States; (2) current and future U.S. efforts to address these threats; and (3) risks associated with the expanded U.S. effort and executive branch plans to mitigate them."

This article questions the effectiveness of EU efforts to prevent terrorism and violent radicalization as well as the future prospects of such efforts. Driven by the pressure of attacks, member states have agreed on a comprehensive strategy to prevent radicalization and recruitment into terrorism, but simultaneously the strategy traces the limits of EU authority in member states in this regard. Meanwhile, the European Commission has focused on indirect measures, such as research support, for counter radicalization. However, over time, both flexible cooperation among a subset of member states and new EU initiatives have generated only few or biased policy outputs. The Stockholm Programme renewed the ambition to prevent terrorism at an early stage and underlined the EU's role in evaluation and knowledge exchange. This article questions the resulting proposal to create a network of local or subnational actors for best practice exchange. The article argues that preventive counterterrorism relies on contentious scientific evidence and that authoritative evaluations remain tied to national policy-making. Finally, the EU Commission cannot mobilize sufficient resources to ensure that 'frontline' organizations, such as police services, implement new practices. Taken together, this limits the potential for depoliticizing multilevel governance approaches to terrorism prevention. The conclusions of this article raise further research questions on the use of knowledge and complex governance patterns in EU internal security. Adapted from the source document.

Karl Marx's theory of value is commonly considered as equivalent to David Ricardo's, & Marxism viewed as just one among many theories of economics. A more valid reading of Marx must recognize the centrality of this concept of value & why exchange value takes the form it does. Marx finds the explanation in historical circumstances. This approach represents a transcendence of economics & a dissolution of the idea of value apart from specific use-values. Money plays a central role in the creation of a category of value & of a consequent commodities economy. Recognition of the purely abstract character of value in capitalist society resolves various perplexities of economic theory. 30 References. W. H. Stoddard.

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