Suchergebnisse

Offering an introduction to social research, this book explores all stages of the research process and features both quantitative and qualitative methods. Research design topics include sampling techniques, choosing a research design, and determining research question that inform public opinion and direct future studies

AbstractNetworked models are often proposed as a means to enhance health research capacity‐building in Africa. This paper addresses a knowledge gap on what works and does not in capacity‐building in African research settings. It provides an analysis of how multi‐partner networks are built and how their success depends on building institutional level capacity‐strengthening within partner institutions. To do this, the paper focuses on the Wellcome Trust's African Institutions initiative, drawing on initial learning and evaluation project data. We identify priority areas for policy attention and share emerging early insights on mechanisms and strategies being implemented by consortia to address key challenges. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The goal of this study was to conduct an outcomes-based evaluation of the National Cancer Institute-Frederick (NCI-F) Scientific Library's Laptop Librarian service, where librarians took a laptop and spent time in research buildings. The authors used statistics from the Laptop Librarian sessions, a NCI-F community-wide online survey, and in-person interviews to evaluate the service. The Laptop Librarian service increased the accessibility of librarians and saved patrons' time. Users gained useful information and expressed overall satisfaction with the service. The Laptop Librarian service proves to be a useful means for increasing access to librarians and providing users with necessary information at this government research facility.

Do the current changes of both geographical and symbolic boundaries lead to the emergence of a world society? How do transnational migration, communication and worldwide economic and political networks manifest themselves in globalised modernity? This book presents innovative contributions to transnationalisation research and world society theory based on empirical studies from Asia, Africa, Latin America and Europe. Practicable methodologies complete theoretical inquiries and provide examples of applied research, which also might be used in teaching.

Objectives: This article identifies salient components in the advancement of social work research leadership within health care. Method: Using tenets of a modified retrospective case study approach, processes and outcomes of social work research progression at a pediatric hospital are reviewed. Results: Capacity-building processes were implemented. These processes generally corresponded with clinical, research, and administrative priorities and strategically aligned with social work aims of evidence-based practice and research leadership. Elements contributing to improved capacity include clarity of vision, palatable funding models, and the infusion of PhD-trained researchers within the clinical setting. Conclusions: This case study argues for social work to be proactive knowledge leaders. Such an aim, however, inherently requires deliberate shepherding, including strategies to advance the profession.

Horizon 2020 is the new financial instrument implementing the European Union, a global initiative aimed at securing Europe's competitiveness and creating new growth and jobs in Europe. This new EU programme for research and innovation will run from 2014 to 2020 with a budget over €70 billion.What's new compared with previous framework programs? Horizon 2020 major goal is helping to bridge the gap between research and the market. Research remains essential but innovation plays now an important role. This market-driven approach include creating public-private partnerships to bring together the resources needed. On the other hand, a two year perspective will be provided in order to allow researchers more time to prepare proposals and more scope to make innovative proposals.

AbstractThe importance of context in shaping evaluation practice is broadly accepted. Still, there is much to be learned about context, and we remain at the early stages of this process. In this chapter, we describe a framework for organizing and focusing ideas for conducting research on evaluation context. We hope that this tool will be a source of inspiration for future studies of context, thus contributing to a deeper and higher quality evaluation knowledge base.

The fact that, in many countries, the majority of university students attend an institution close to their place of living suggests that student mobility may in fact not be sufficiently large to achieve optimum productive and allocative efficiency in the university education system. In an empirical research project, the authors estimate the effect of distance to university on study decisions. By using high-school graduates study choices, they try to free the estimate from unobservable selection decisions and the associated endogeneity problems. The study investigates the effect of proximity to a university both on choice of university and on choice of a particular faculty/subject. Adapted from the source document.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to review and systematize previous studies on boards of directors in Brazil and propose an agenda to guide future studies. Originality/value: A conceptual model is developed to provide an integrated view for research on the board of directors, incorporating variables from different levels that connect governance mechanisms, best practices, board dynamics and company performance; we identified gaps for the research agenda. Design/methodology/approach: This review analyzed 95 articles on boards of directors in Brazil between 2000 and 2019. The review was conducted in three major steps: 1. planning; 2. conducting; and 3. organizing the data and reporting the findings. Findings: There is a growing interest in studying boards of directors in Brazil, with a wide range of topics. The most studied are board composition, best practices, diversity and gender. Despite the diversity, the previous studies are homogeneous in theoretical and methodological terms. Based on the agency theory, most articles sought to relate board demography to financial performance, and the findings are not convergent. This scenario opens up some research avenues to address topics that have not yet been explored, such as board processes, board tasks, and differentiation between board performance and company performance.

As Europe is growing together politically and economically, the international perspective is becoming more and more important in social reporting and welfare research. Are there strong differences in the objective living conditions and the subjective well-being between European nations? Do the Europeans enjoy the same quality of society all over Europe? To answer questions like these empirically, research teams from 19 nations have set up a research initiative. As a result of this cooperation the Euromodule came into being, a survey instrument for a European welfare comparison. By now, data from Germany, Hungary, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland are available. In this paper the conception and development of the Euromodule are described. In an extensive appendix, the Euromodule master questionnaire and other central materials are documented. ; Mit dem politischen und wirtschaftlichen Zusammenwachsen Europas ist der Blick über nationale Grenzen hinaus von besonderem Interesse für die Sozialberichterstattung und die Wohlfahrtsforschung. Wie stark unterscheiden sich die objektiven Lebensbedingungen und das subjektive Wohlbefinden der Europäer? Wie steht es um die .soziale Qualität. der europäischen Gesellschaften? Um solche Fragen empirisch beantworten zu können, haben sich Wohlfahrtsforscher aus 19 Nationen zu einem Netzwerk zusammengeschlossen. Ergebnis dieser Kooperation ist das Euromodul, ein Umfragebaustein für einen europäischen Wohlfahrtsvergleich. Inzwischen liegen erste Daten aus Deutschland, Schweden, der Schweiz, Slowenien, Spanien und Ungarn vor. In diesem Beitrag werden die Entwicklung und Konzeption des Euromoduls vorgestellt. In einem umfangreichen Anhang werden die Kooperationspartner genannt sowie Fragebogen und technische Standards dokumentiert.

The United States, through research ethics review, is complicit in ethically recolonizing countries into U.S. dominant understandings. This review and consent are seen as an all-encompassing ethical understanding and a discrete, one-time experience. Drawing on personal experiences and in-depth interviews with international and domestic subculture research participants and researchers, the authors argue that the United States ethics review must move toward a nuanced understanding of human ethics review that exhibits cultural responsiveness within culturally complex research, with a focus on cultural humility. Power, gender, sexuality, and relationships between participants, researchers, and research ethics boards are discussed.

Scientific research is increasingly subject to benchmarking and ratings that inevitably influence funding and hiring decisions. This trend of applying economic measures to creative endeavour could well undermine both progress and academic freedom.

Seit den 1980er Jahren werden in vielen Bereichen qualitativer Forschung Lincoln und Guba's (1985) Kriterien (credibility, confirmability, dependability und transferability) zur Gütesicherung der Ergebnisse aus sozialwissenschaftlichen Studien akzeptiert. Historische Forschung ist ein Bereich qualitativer Forschung, in dem dies nicht der Fall ist. Obwohl die meisten Geschichtswissenschaftler/innen anerkennen, dass Methoden in einer Weise genutzt werden sollten, dass die Ergebnisse ihrer Forschung verlässlich sind, gibt es einige Ambiguität in Bezug auf die Frage, wie Güte in der historischen Forschung veranschaulicht werden kann. Viele beschränken sich auf Stückwerk wie z.B. Quellenkritik, es fehlt zumeist ein systematischer Ansatz. Damit bleibt für Rezipient/innen der Forschungsergebnisse oft unklar, in welcher Weise Methoden genutzt und Entscheidungen im Forschungsprozess getroffen wurden. Auch führen solche fragmentierten Ansätze prinzipieller dazu, dass die Legitimation historischer Forschungsmethoden infrage gestellt wird. In diesem Beitrag beschäftigen wir uns zunächst mit den Herausforderungen, denen sich historische Forschung im Sinne der Gütesicherung stellen muss. Danach geben wir praktische Verfahrenshinweise, die bei der Nutzung historischer Methoden einbezogen werden können, um diesen Herausforderungen produktiv zu begegnen mit dem Ziel, transparentere historische Narrative zu generieren.