In this paper, I will propose that there are three bodies of power present in Shakespeare's Richard II. The first two bodies present, the body politic and the body natural, were introduced by Ernst Kantorowicz in opposition to Carl Schmitt's Political Theology. The third body introduced is the pseudo body, which is a temporary body used by the body politic to depose the body natural. I will argue that Richard's actions allow Bolingbroke to become the pseudo body through the backing of the body politic. And that Bolingbroke's role as the pseudo body enables him to become the king.
In any compilation of Christian views of the state, the Anabaptist position stands out as unique or, if one wanted to be less complimentary, extreme. The Anabaptist view of the state is less focused on articulating the division between church and state responsibilities than the Reformed or Lutheran traditions. Indeed, Anabaptists have no assigned role for government beyond the creation of order, emphasizing scriptural interpretations that give primacy to the church in the life of a Christian. As a result, political theology distances Anabaptists from both the Catholic Church and the mainstream of the Reformation.
The existence of hadith in the Muslim community is very significant. Hadiths that are interpreted in a certain way result to certain religious attitudes and social actions as well. Likewise, with the hadiths on the theme of al-jamaa'ah. Interpretation of the hadiths of al-jamaa'ah implicate to the identity of the group and led to group action which ultimately gave birth to a political identity of groups. This difference in interpretation is theologically influenced by the composition of the revelatory roles, ratios and traditions. There are groups whose tradition's influence is larger than the others. Great attention to this tradition also differs as in NU which gives large portions to local traditions and salafiyah groups that give large portions to the ancient Arab tradition. There are also more balanced groups between the three components such as PERSIS.
The relationship between theological liberalism or conservatism & pol'al att's & behavior is probed in a study based on a ET mailed to 264 ministers in the Baptist Convention of Ontario & Quebec. The relationship between denominationaiism & voting preference has long been noted in studies of Canadian voting behavior & it was hoped that this religious factor could be studied, in more depth by grouping the ministers of one denomination according to their theological beliefs. Signif associations between theological conservatism, pol'al conservatism & preference for the Progressive Conservative Party were found. While youthfulness & liberal theological views were apparently sufficient to move some ministers in the Baptist Convention of Ontario & Quebec to adopt liberal pol'al & soc ideas & to support parties other than the Progressive Conservative Party, the residual conservatism of the Convention has nevertheless served to restrain this tendency. Thus, while theological position was found to be a fairly accurate indicator of pol'al act's & behavior, any generalizations about the relationship between these variables must take into account the modal att's of denominations. IPSA.
The article continues the analysis of the dominant doctrine in the traditional political and legal theology concerning jizya as a tribute from Non- Muslims, established by the Prophet Muhammad. The factual basis of this doctrine was discussed in relation to three paradigmatic precedents, which are usually referred to in support of it: the treatise of the Prophet with the Christians of the city of Najran; with the Jews and Christians during the Tabuk campaign; with the Majus- Zoroastrians of Bahrain. Having discussed in the previous essay the question of the authenticity of Islamic narrative on Najran deputation, from the formal hadithological point of view (i. e., in the aspect of isnad), the author proceeds here to consider these traditions in a substantial way. The study is conducted in line with the Reformist Modernist discourse. ; Статья продолжает начатый в четвёртом номере журнала за 2019 год анализ доминирующего в традиционной политико- правовой теологии тезиса о джизйе как о дани с иноверцев, учрежденной ещё пророком Мухаммадом. Фактологическая база этого тезиса оспаривается применительно к трём парадигматическим прецедентам, на которые обычно ссылаются в обоснование учения о джизйе, — договорам Пророка с христианами города Наджран, с иудеями и христианами при Табукском походе и с маджусами- зороастрийцами Бахрейна. Обсудив в предыдущем очерке вопрос об аутентичности с формально- хадисоведческой точки зрения (т. е. в аспекте иснада) преданий о наджранской депутации, автор переходит здесь к рассмотрению этих преданий уже в содержательном плане. Исследование ведётся в русле реформаторско- модернистского дискурса.
The Indonesian State Islamic Higher Education (PTAIN) system was created to encourage a progressive form of Islam to oppose political Islam and to be apolitical. Because PTAIN are the official government form of Islamic higher education, PTAIN faculty members can be important opinion makers in the Indonesian Islamic community. PTAIN are critical to understanding the Indonesian Islamic community because they engage in innovative scholarship on Islamic theology, ethics, law, and practice and in the education of young Muslim leaders in many fields. This article explores some of the ways PTAIN have been politicized to play a role in the debates about the future of Indonesian Islam which is developing (or at least showing) more complex variations. It offers a theoretical model for understanding the variation found in Islam.
Abstract: This paper examines the political paradigm of Muhammadiyah in thinking and behaving because Muhammadiyah can survive to surpass political impediments for more than a century ago. Methodologically, it is qualitative research by utilising documentary study and in-depth interviews as the data-gathering technique. The finding demonstrates that "consciousness to liberate" is the political paradigm of Muhammadiyah. This paradigm has three interrelated dimensions: transcendental dimension, humanistic dimension, and modernity dimension. The former indicates the prophetic consciousness, the middle demonstrates the liberation theology, and the latter denotes the values Muhammadiyah's goal. Therefore, the Muhammadiyah consciousness to strives for prophetic missions not merely restricted to liberate humankind from colonisation, oppression, backwardness, and poverty but also to liberate mustadh'afin from unfair policies and liberal systems. Keywords: Muhammadiyah, consciousness, political paradigm, liberation, al-Mâ'ûn
Believing in the presence of Imam al-Mahdi (called by Mahdiism) becomes an important part in the majority of Islamic theology. On the other hand Mahdiism always present in the crisis context that hit the depressed group, such as politic, economic, social and cultural. Therefore, mahdiism have double-faced in its presence, between religious movements and political movement to recapture the glory of Moslem ever achieved. Religion is a frame of ideology that legitimate and effective in political movement mission. This movement always complete with its ideology and its foundations of legitimacy. Mahdiism ideology in Islam is framed through hadith texts of mahdawiyah. These hadith is always related to the utopian hopes for the struggle (jihad) spirit. By Mahdiism, Islam as a religion has been converted into a religious political movement. Keyword: mahdiisme, hadis of mahdawiyah, religious political movement
Book I of Augustine's work On Free Choice (De Libero Arbitrio) offers a helpful introduction to some of the most important themes of political philosophy. The paper makes a case for teaching this text in introductory courses on political thought, theology of social life, and similar topics, alongside or even in place of the more usually assigned excerpts from City of God. The text is written as a dialogue in which Augustine seeks to introduce a student of his to reflection on the ways in which our moral outlook is profoundly shaped by our political citizenship. It invites all of us, whether Christian or non-Christian citizens, to enter into the dialogue ourselves as Augustine's students and so to reflect on the moral significance of our own citizenship.
An important genre of the theological area, spiritual autobiography is currently undergoing a rediscovery process, because of recent research on this topic. Written by important mystical personalities belonging to different Christian traditions (such as Saint Silouane the Athonite or Saint John of Kronstadt for the Orthodox area, Saint Teresa of Avila for the Catholic one and Dag Hammarskjöld for the Lutheran one), spiritual autobiographies can constitute a valuable source for the understanding of their authors' thinking and perception of fundamental topics such as ecumenism. Being aware of this aspect, we will start from a case study, namely that of Dag Hammarskjöld, and we will try to see how this category of texts can be used in order to understand the attitude of the authors of spiritual autobiographies and their motivation in the ecumenical space. CONTRIBUTION : The research helps the reader to see how the spiritual autobiographies can be a source of understanding the ecumenism of mystical vocations, using as example Dag Hammarskjöld's Markings. ; Rev. Iuliu-Marius is participating in the research project, 'Political Theology', directed by Dr Tanya van Wyk, Department of Systematic and Historical Theology, Faculty of Theology and Religion, University of Pretoria. ; http://www.hts.org.za ; am2022 ; Dogmatics and Christian Ethics
