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Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is a global market engaging a variety of local moral economies where the construction of the demand–supply relationship takes different forms through the operation of the politics of value. This paper analyzes how the market–culture relationship works in different settings, showing how power and resources determine what value will, or will not, accrue from that relationship. A commodity's potential economic value can only be realized through the operation of the market if its cultural status is seen to be legitimate. At the same time, local moral economies and their associated social orders are potentially susceptible to the destabilizing implications of new commodities. The formal or informal organization of power relationships in the market–culture interaction can enable potential value to become manifest and tangible over time or block its path. The interaction is steered through national institutional sources of cultural authority embedded in state and religion, where the visible contest in the politics of value is conducted. Increasingly, that interaction finds its expression in transnational institutions of governance where the struggle for control of the cultural agenda reflects the global nature of the ART market.

Abstract.  It is well known that volatility persistence is overestimated if regime shifts are not accounted for in the standard GARCH model. This research detects time periods of sudden changes in variance using the iterated cumulated sums of squares (ICSS) algorithm. Using weekly data for the Canadian stock market indicates that after accounting for endogenously determined volatility shifts in the GARCH model, the estimated persistence in volatility is significantly reduced. This casts some doubt on previous findings that volatility in financial markets is highly persistent. The findings have important implications for investors and financial market participants. JEL classification: G1

Abstract
This article deals with the intersection between bereavement, gender, and art in the context of the cult of the fallen in Israel, focusing on the life story and artwork of two women artists, Asnat Austerlitz (b. 1969) and Michal Shachnai Yaakobi (b. 1967) who experienced orphanhood in a military context. Adopting the two-track model of bereavement suggested by Simon Rubin in 1981, the article offers an analytical, interdisciplinary examination of their artworks as adult women artists who are aware of the fragility of life and its finite character but also understand the importance and significance of continuing emotional bonds after death. Both have developed in diverse medium gender-based artistic creations related to the cult of the fallen creating models of alternative and counter-hegemonic memory that are manifested through personal languages full of irony, fantasy, and pain.

Use of social media applications has become popular in the context of developing countries. Social media are transforming the way individuals and organisations communicate and interact in their social settings. This paper presents a critical analysis of discourses on use of WhatsApp among opposition party politicians. Using the case of Malawi, the study analysed media reports and government documents using critical social theory. The findings showed power relations issues related to domination, communication distortions, and conflict of interests in the social and political discourses. Further, the study highlighted the effects of absence and outdated laws and legal frameworks in dealing with emerging use of new technologies in political activities (e.g., use of WhatsApp) in the context of a developing country. The study makes recommendations for policymakers and law enforcement agencies in addressing challenges related to the use and regulation of new technologies.

The article discloses the peculiarities of the Baroque Ukrainian chroniclers' vision of the Cossacks in response to the negative stereotypes formed by the Polish chroniclers. The authors of historiographic works at the end of the 17th – beginning of the 18th century (Samovydets, Hryhorii Hrabianka, Samiilo Velychko) argue in favor of the Cossacks being a special social and military (chivalrous) unit and interpret the Cossacks' liberation movement in order to give it a reasonable estimation. Free will, fairness, wisdom, courageousness, spiritual fullness and love for the others are at the core of Samovydets' conception. Samovydets considers the Cossacks' reaction to the enslavement in Ukraine as a key factor of their characterization. Relationships in the troops and lawlessness are depicted as negative traits of the Cossacks' collective image. In Hrabianka's works, the Cossacks appear to be an effective force distinguished by such features as labour, military bravery, love for the native land, passionarity, defence of rights, endurance and courageousness aimed at achieving the only goal – freedom. The author considers trustfulness and political shortsightedness to be their negative traits, which had led to serious historic failures. Samiilo Velychko represents the Cossacks as a powerful and effective social force characterized by initiative, determination, courageousness, ability to act dynamically and self-awareness as a significant political force capable of making a considerable impact on Ukraine's future. The attitude to Cossacks in the chronicle becomes of a specific Cossack-centric character.

These words of an elderly Jewish man in Istanbul relate his memory of neighborhood life with Greeks, Armenians, and Muslims in the neighborhood of Kuzguncuk. In this place, there were no arguments between people of different religious backgrounds; Muslims shared "his" language, and he, as a Jew, knew Greek. As I examine his narrative for what it emphasizes and for the silences in between, I read Kuzguncuk as exceptional: describing an absence of argument in the past suggests that tension exists today; sharing multiple ethnic languages is understood now to be an old-fashioned rarity. His statement "Because we are Kuzguncuklu Jews, our Muslims over there loved us very much" suggests that in Kuzguncuk, he and his Muslim neighbors shared a common tie to place, a unique identity as Kuzguncuklu (of Kuzguncuk) that superseded any difference based on religion or ethnicity. As he describes a culture that remained from Ottoman times, his story illuminates indirectly the current Turkish national context that conditions the telling of his narrative.

Because of the severity of recent crises and the generalized intransigence to resolve their root causes, as well as the strong reaction of the international community in bringing aid and relief to those affected, humanitarian action has emerged as an important aspect of international relations. It is growing ever more evident that humanitarian action can have a profound and lasting impact on internal social/political cohesion and international order. In our era of globalization it is essential to recognize the importance of the concept of the international 'responsibility to protect,' as well as the integral relationship between humanitarian action and international order. The development of a broadly based international order inspired by humane values, such as freedom and solidarity, as well as a reversal of the fear of the Other, will be an essential part of international relations in the future. W. A. Butler

Tourism and travel make a vital contribution to the global economy and are considered particularly important for developing countries. The cruise industry, as part of the tourist offer, created in the beginning by demand from North America, had a dynamic growth for over nearly 40 years. Many studies show that today there is still an increased demand for a form of vacation spent on a cruise ship. For this reason, new cruise destinations are increasingly being developed and cruise ships are getting bigger, which has an increasing impact on the environment. The paper explores the causes and consequences of dynamic cruise industry growth on environment. The aim of the research is to identify the challenges facing the cruising industry when it comes to environmental impact. The research was conducted on the basis of available secondary data sources.

§I. All the Jews of Zakho, together with all the Jews of Iraq, emigrated to Israel in the years 1951 and 1952. Some waves of Kurdish Jews had already arrived in Palestine in the 1920s. In Israel, their Neo-Aramaic speech became strongly influenced and gradually superseded by Israeli Hebrew. The Neo-Aramaic speech of the elders, however, was much less influenced by Modern Hebrew and still retains characteristic Kurdistani features, including a large number of loanwords from Kurdish–Persian, Arabic, Turkish, and old, traditional Hebrew. Another typical feature is the coloring of their Neo-Aramaic speech with numerous proverbs in the languages of their neighboring ethnic groups. The multilingual proverbs are an excellent example of the mutual influence of the various ethnic groups and cultures of Iraqi Kurdistan.

The article examines the role and significance of various measures, including those of a military-patriotic nature, in the field of crime prevention. At the same time, as the main object, the problems of the commission of offenses among young people, especially unorganized ones, as well as the issues of their reduction or prevention by various methods and methods are studied. The measures implemented in Uzbekistan in this area, primarily aimed at ensuring their employment and effective spending of time, and tasks for the future, are noted

Peace research has abandoned thepursuit of positive peace becauseof a profound commitment to anontology of violence. By assumingthat the world is shaped by arbitrarypower relations, scholars workingon the liberal and post-liberal peaceend up focusing their research onnegative peace. The article developsa critique of this ontology ofviolence assumed by the Realist,Liberal and Critical traditions whichconceals the possibility of positivepeace. Following the lead of CharlesTaylor, it locates the philosophicalshackles that stifle peace research inthe immanent frame that underpinsthe political work of Hobbes and hiscontemporaries. The article outlinesthe contours of an ontology of peaceand revisits the concept of eirenismto conceptualise positive peace.