Suchergebnisse

The review presents the materials of the discussion of the book by the Doctor of Law, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation V.M. Syrykh "Fundamentals of the materialist theory of law": in 4 vols. Vol. I. Objective law and forms of its expression". The discussion took place as part of the Discussion Platform of the International Scientific Conference "Actual vector of state-legal research: valid law as a form of reflection of conflict and cooperation strategies in the modern society (general theoretical and sociological and legal aspects)", held in Derzhavin Tambov State University. The discussion was attended by scientists from different Russian regions, as well as a number of foreign countries. During the discussion, V.M. Syrykh in his introductory remarks outlined how the work on the book was carried out, what caused it to be written, what goals and objectives were set in the context of this work, expressed interest in receiving meaningful feedback on the proposed scientific publication; the participants of the discussion, in turn, shared their opinions about the monograph, expressed their recommendations and wishes, asked the author questions, to which they received answers.

Defence date: 27 February 2020 ; Examining Board: Prof. Giovanni Sartor, European University Institute (Supervisor); Prof. Urška Šadl, European University Institute; Prof. Joxerramon Bengoetxea Caballero, University of the Basque Country; Dr. Karen McAuliffe, University of Birmingham ; In today's multilingual EU, with 24 official languages, as many versions of every piece of legislation of general application are produced, all of which are equally authentic. In order to comply with this legal requirement, embodied in the Treaties and in secondary law, legal translation and legal-linguistic revision become fully integrated in the law-making process. But most importantly, the multilingual nature of EU law has consequences for how the meaning of the law may be found through interpretation. The Court of Justice of the European Union has declared that the language versions of EU legal acts should be compared in order to access the meaning of the legislation. That presumption of identity of meaning, however, conflicts with the inherent limits of language. As a result, occasional divergences in the linguistic meaning of the different language versions of EU legislation are unavoidable. These divergences in the linguistic meaning of the language versions of legislation may be bridged through interpretation. These problems of interpretation are ultimately settled by the CJEU, the only authoritative interpreter of EU law. The Court has developed certain techniques for that purpose, not without controversy. In order to solve the puzzle of how to access the meaning of multilingual EU legislation, this thesis first reviews the multilingualism of the EU legislative machinery, subsequently moving from the production of the law to its interpretation. The ultimate goal is to produce a critical assessment of the Court's methods, in order to understand how they fit into the framework designed by the previous Chapters. That is to say, to see how uniformity of meaning, which is constructed first in the legislative procedure in one language, then deconstructed through translation into all official languages, is finally reconstructed by the Court of Justice.

Objective: This study investigates how multiple domains of parental gender role socialisation as well as parent-child relationships and family structure may shape adolescents' gendered occupational aspirations.

Background: Young people with gender-typical aspirations have a higher chance of choosing gender-typical post-secondary education fields and are more likely to work in gender-typical occupations as adults. Gender norms, family structures and parent-child relationships have undergone profound changes in recent decades. We extend the intergenerational transmission literature by considering whether the influence of parental role modelling may vary according to parent-child relationships and family structure.

Method: We draw on data from 2,235 adolescents from the German Socio-Economic Panel and apply logistic regressions.

Results: Children whose fathers were employed in gender-typical jobs had a greater likelihood of aspiring to a more gender-typical occupation. This relationship was not significant among sons who did not live continuously with both parents since birth, who were generally more likely to aspire to gender-typical occupations. Surprisingly, the gender-typicality of fathers' occupations seemed more influential among daughters whose parents had separated than among those who lived continuously with both parents. Regarding the parental gender division of paid and unpaid work, only mothers' continuous non-employment was associated with daughters being more likely to aspire to a gender-typical occupation.

Conclusion: On the whole, our findings suggest a rather weak influence of parental gender role modelling on children's persistently gendered occupational aspirations in Germany. Yet, our study extends existing family research by pointing to significant variations across family structures.

The disintegration of the British National Party (BNP) has removed the threat of the party securing a place in the political mainstream in the UK. But, in coming close to this objective it has succeeded in renewing and legitimising both its own claims to speak on behalf of the indigenous people of Britain, as well as the similar claims of other groups such as the English Defence League (EDL), the English Democrats and the Freedom Party. Rather than assessing the impact of the BNP in terms of the number of votes and councillors, this article contends that the renewal of racist discourse may enable far right views and ideologies to penetrate and gain acceptance in mainstream British society over the next decade. This article examines the re-shaping of the rhetoric of indigeneity by the BNP to legitimise racism. Using articles originally written for the BNP magazine Identity between 2006 and 2008 and extracted from the BNP website in advance of the 2010 elections, this article discursively analyses the way in which the BNP deploys the concept of indigeneity in its constructions of social groups in Britain. It is suggested that the potential (mis)use of indigeneity as a legitimising vehicle for racist and illiberal views and policies is exacerbated by the lack of clear definitional boundaries around the concept of indigeneity itself.

"The need for institutional strengthening is well recognised, but what needs to be looked into in greater detail is the differing mix of institutions that may play a role. This book explores the institutions that support the effectiveness of the rule of law domestically and focus on the extent to which similar institutions already exist at the international level and, to where they exist, analyse the possibility of their further development or supplementation. The authors speculate on potential future institutional histories of how the international rule of law might be developed - thereby suggesting potential strategies for developing and strengthening the international rule of law.Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, combining the fields of international relations, politics and law, this book covers a broad institutions including: UN Security Council, International Court of Justice, Human Rights machinery, Regional Human Rights, UN courts, International Criminal Court, ad hoc/hybrid courts/tribunals, World Trade Organization, International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, academic organisations, the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations, other institutions and the media.It will be of strong interest to students and scholars of international relations, international organisations, global governance, international law, migration law, international peace and security law, applied ethics, political economy, political science, and sociology"--