Suchergebnisse

The main objective of this study is to analyze the evolution of Romania's administrative-territorial organization and study the impact of each stage on the regional development process after 1989 in order to identify national features that could contribute to the improvement of Romania's current regionalization process.Starting from the premise that any proposal for Romanian regionalization must be based on a rigorous research of the historical context in which the territorial administrative reconfigurations took place, the present study aims to present a synthetic analysis of different territorial configurations proposed by various regimes as well as the political and social circumstances in which they were implemented.

The dynamics of Indian politics is reflected in the flexible and fluctuating relations between the centre and the states as well as in the equations within the multiparty political system. This book is one of the first to explore the participation of women in state politics in India and how women navigate the dynamic spaces and hierarchies of the Indian political system. With the help of in-depth studies of 16 states in India, it analyses the gender profile of political parties and legislative bodies in these states; the question of women's representation which is miniscule in legislative assemblies and women voters and their voting choices. It also explores the roadblocks and barriers they face, along with a study of women's participation in informal politics. The chapters in this book underline the need for women's active participation both inside and outside the party system to make democracy more robust and meaningful. Topical, rich in empirical data, this book will be an essential read for scholars and researchers of Indian politics, gender studies, political science, sociology, public administration, and South Asia studies.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the socio-philosophical and cultural aspects of power. This article discusses political culture as a structural element of culture. Power is the central element of culture. Power in the article refers to public administration, which is an intangible, but practical form of activity and culture. This form of activity depends on the material processes in society, but at the same time it forms all other spheres of life. In this regard, the article defends the thesis that power is the second form of culture after material production. Power as a culture is a culture of social management, the culturological status of power is determined by how public administration fits into the system of people's life, as well as by the positive impact it has on the development of society. Power is the main element of the intangible superstructure of society, which, in turn, determines the vector of development of the entire spiritual superstructure. Precisely because power determines the entire non-material superstructure of society, it is itself a cultural phenomenon.

I denne artikel undersøges det ved hjælp af et sammenlignende casestudie af fem danske kommuner, hvordan krisen og den strammere statslige styring af kommunernes økonomi har bidraget til administrative organisationsforandringer i kommunerne. Der argumenteres for, at krisen og sanktionslovgivningen skabte et politisk forandringsvindue i de kommuner, som havde svag udgiftsstyring, og at den samtidig skabte et økonomisk pres, som førte til besparelser på administrative lederstillinger. Begge mekanismer bidrog til en udvikling hen mod en "koncernmodel", som tilgodeser tværgående prioriteringer og central ressourcestyring. Ifølge undersøgelsen genfindes den overordnede koncernorganisering i organiseringen af det kommunale skolevæsen. Her indebærer den blandt andet, at skoleområdet fusioneres med tilgrænsende områder, og at fagchefen indgår i topledelsen, hvor han/hun socialiseres i rollen som varetager af helhedens interesser.

The master's thesis provides an assessment of the role, significance of management in the rehabilitation of SHPP (Small hydroelectric power plants). The guarantee of appropriate management in conformance with regional and particular conditions can ensure greater efficiencies with less time to return on initial invested funds. The paper, consisting of four parts, is intended to emphasize the relevance of effective management for long-term sustainability of SHPP from side of local community, investors, social congregations and municipal government. First is literature research on hydropower sustainability. Next analysis of current condition of hydroelectric power plants is presented. A briefly presentation of the numerical statistics of energetic infrastructure such as SHP of Nordic countries and policy regulating them in the current economic context are reviewed. An effort has been made to develop a recommendation for feasibility study of rehabilitation project of the Askola small hydropower plant in Finland, including best decision for the planning step by step rehabilitation, respecting all the requirements and using modern technologies suitable for energy management. To justify the validity of the SHPP rehabilitation project, the feasibility study of small hydropower plant was determined based on parameters of rehabilitation project of "Askola" SHPP located in Finland. Some of the obtained results of developed feasibility study may be used reasonably for managerial and investment decision-making process at the planning stage for a specific area for development of such projects as rehabilitation of small hydropower plants. The article closes with certain findings and references.

There is no doubt that the International Bill of Rights and other international legal instruments have sought to truly liberate every human being by the recognition of the equality and inalienable rights of all persons on the face of the earth as the foundation for peace, justice and freedom. In order to ensure that these rights are enjoyed by all, without exception, state-parties have been enjoined to domesticate the fundamental human rights and to further abrogate existing laws, including customary laws and practices, which constitute impediments to the full enjoyment of these rights by everybody. The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999, just as others before it, has incorporated these rights in its chapter four. The thrust of this research, therefore, is to critically examine three provisions of the grund norm – the right to the dignity of the human person, the right to freedom from discrimination and the right to the acquisition and ownership of property – as they concern the liberation of the Igbo woman. This is aimed at determining whether these constitutional provisions have really liberated her from customary practices that degrade, marginalize and disinherit her – whether as a widow, as a childless woman, as an unmarried woman and as an illegitimate daughter. It also questions whether her constitutional guaranteed rights have been abrogated through administrative actions and the struggle going on to liberate her. UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities vol 14 (2) 2013

This reportexplores how variations in foundations' characteristics, activities, and giving levels influence charitable (program-related) administrative expense levels for a sample of nearly 1,200 of the approximately 1,900 largest independent foundations between 2007 and 2009 (see "Sampling Information"). It updates a more detailed study of the largest foundations' 2004-2006 expenses. Since these organizations account for the bulk of foundation resources and spending, they are of paramount interest to policymakers, watchdog organizations, and foundation leaders concerned with self-regulation and developing standards. Like the previous report, this update builds on the foundations of a broader study of 2001-2003 expenses.This study's goals are to inform policy debates and foundation practices by documenting program-related administrative expenses and assessing the factors that drive these expenditures over time. By extending the research timeframe closer to the present, this study sheds light on expense levels and practices during the recent economic crisis. It confirms that expense patterns of large independent foundations that were clear and consistent in mid-decade -- when markets and asset levels were steadily rising -- remained mainly consistent in 2007-2009, despite the crash of financial markets and a deep slump in the economy and in foundation resources (see Foundation Finances and the Economic Crisis: A Different Perspective on page 6). Such consistency validates the importance of considering a foundation's operating characteristics when assessing its expenditures.

AbstractThe article extends the literature on the construction of "diversity management" by personnel managers in corporate America. Such research has highlighted that Human Resource (HR) specialists draw heavily on social-scientific thinking in implementing various remedies against discrimination. However, it has paid less attention to how such esoteric views of reality, comprising such "things" as "structural barriers" impeding occupational advancement and "diversity sensitivity," have been successfully established as a self-evident reality in the workplace. In order to more thoroughly investigate how the world of diversity management is established outside the circle of academic specialists, the article employs perspectives from science and technology studies on the ways in which sociotechnical assemblages, i.e., networks of human actors and material devices, enact scientific ontologies. It applies such perspectives to a German case of diversity management, a program of "intercultural opening" that seeks to make bureaucracies of the welfare state more accessible to immigrants. The article delineates the specific ontology behind this version of diversity management, rooted in sociological perspectives on social mobility, and explores the various techniques and instruments through which officers of intercultural opening establish this ontology as a visible reality in municipal administrations.

This work discusses the influence of technology and data on geopolitics. There is a huge effort by some countries to develop and control some technologies that have the power to impact society as it is currently known. The focus will be on presenting some of these technologies, which actors are leading the area, and its effects. For this, the work is divided into four sections: the first explains the possibilities of using 5G and how it can affect the way of life of societies and also the consequences of its implementation. The second section discusses cyber warfare and which national states have the capabilities for this type of conflict. The third section is about the use of Artificial Intelligence and the technological development strategy of the superpowers. And in the fourth section, it presents the challenges of this dispute over technology and data for countries and companies. The work concludes that if there is not an extraordinary event capable of uniformly accelerating the level of technological development and innovation, countries that do not master technological capabilities will become dependent on the superpowers. This is because the use of technology and data will be converted into economic, political and military power. Thus, geopolitics can be determined by a few countries, which will have a large number of actors surrounding their area of influence. ; Este trabalho discute a influência da tecnologia e dos dados na geopolítica mundial. Há um intenso esforço de alguns países para dominar algumas tecnologias com poder de impacto na sociedade tal como se conhece atualmente. O foco será dado em apresentar algumas dessas tecnologias, quais atores lideram e os efeitos disso. Para isso, o trabalho está dividido em quatro seções: a primeira explica as possibilidades de uso do 5G e como isso pode afetar o modo de vida das sociedades e também as consequências de sua implementação. A segunda seção discute a guerra cibernética e quais países possuem capacidades tecnológicas para esse tipo de conflito. A ...

This dissertation is a qualitative study on the decision-making of administrators within California's Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment (BTSA) teacher induction program. The study focuses on examining how declining resources act as a pressure, how well-established research on cutback management predict the behaviors of the BTSA administrators and how well it predicts the outcomes that result from their decisions. Further, the study looks at different interpretations of BTSA program goals, how administrators decide which elements of the program to protect and which elements to de-emphasize given the declining resources that most programs are facing. To get at all of these issues, four central questions lie at the heart of this dissertation: *What pressures are facing BTSA administrators? *How are declining resources and related pressures impacting decision-making by BTSA administrators? *How do different interpretations of BTSA program goals impact the decision-making process when facing declining resources? *How well does established cutback management research predict the decisions that BTSA administrators make and the outcomes that result from their decisions?To get an understanding of the pressures that face BTSA administrators, as well as the legislation and standards that govern BTSA, this study had four phases. The first phase, problem identification & background knowledge, consisted of reviewing the legislation and documents that indicate the goal of the BTSA program and document its process of development. The second phase involved the development of conceptual understanding of why BTSA is matters and what strategies cutback management research recommends for preserving the program. The third phase involved two rounds of interviews with state BTSA administrators, district BTS Administrators and state legislators involved with creating laws related to BTSA. Finally all of the data were reviewed using a constructivist approach and organized into themes which were then used to extract findings.The findings of the study were that that there are three key pressures impacting decision-making for BTSA administrators: the pressure to implement cuts, pressure to compromise and pressure to implement the program to fidelity. These three pressures, that run counter to each other have resulted in BTSA administrators taking actions to either resist cuts, smooth organizational decline or compromise to protect key elements of the program. Further, this study concludes that research on cutback management accurately predicts the challenges and behaviors of BTSA administrators as they respond to pressures to cut spending.