Suchergebnisse

This scientific paper evaluates and classifies the current degree of self-governance of Vietnam higher education institutions as well as the State's role (through policy system) in the implementation of the self-governance's strategy of Vietnam (shown in 5 different levels: Very high, high, medium, low, very low).
In this paper, we used some methods, such as specific research method of survey, international experience' reference and refer to and survey the trends, the nature of the higher education self-governance in a number of universities around the world.
The results of the paper show that the levels of the higher education's self-governance are inversely proportional to the State intervention. That is, higher education institution is more in self-governance, then the State mainly performs the supervisory function; the higher education institution is less in self-governance, then the State mainly performs a control function.
Besides, Vietnam higher education institutions are considered by the most of the respondents to be average, low and low and very low levels in their self-governance; especially in the financial realm in which including the right to pay for the lecturers by agreement, tuition, material infrastructure and financial expenditure. That is, most of Vietnam higher education institutions do not have much self-governance, it is synonymous with that the State's control role is still very large, while its supervision's role is limited. The opinions of the respondents also showed that the function of State management was not changed or changed slowly compared with the development trend of the higher education system.
Based on the above-mentioned assessment of the State's role, the authors recommend:

For the State: To build a number of world-class universities in the Vietnamese conditions; To convert a management model from control's model to monitoring one; To enhance the State management's effectiveness and efficiency; To reduce the State's intervention toward the universities.
For the higher education institutions: Be active, be creative and to take the initiative; To determine and identify an opportunities and challenges in higher education's self-governance; To train and foster the staff of lecturers; To reform goals & targets, objectives, contents, methods and training's programs; To increase a transparency and social accountability.

This article investigates the stringency of EU climate and energy governance along the soft-hard continuum as a key determinant of its ability to achieve its ambitions. It introduces four criteria for a systematic and differentiated assessment of the bindingness/stringency of legislative instruments and governance frameworks, namely: (1) formal legal status, (2) the nature of the obligations (substantive—procedural), (3) their precision and prescriptiveness, and (4) the means for effecting accountability and effective implementation. The application of this assessment framework to the EU's Climate and Energy Policy Framework for 2030 in comparison with the preceding 2020 Framework and the international Paris Agreement on climate change demonstrates the added value of this approach. The focus is on regulations, adopted in 2018, regarding greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy (RE), and energy efficiency as well as the surrounding framework for planning, reporting, monitoring, and enforcement. The EU's 2030 Framework scores high on the four criteria. Despite implementing the comparatively soft Paris Agreement, it does not fall behind the stringency of the 2020 Framework, as the abandoning of binding national targets for RE is balanced by strengthened obligations to prepare national plans, long-term strategies, and regular progress reports, as well as the enhanced monitoring and supervisory powers of the European Commission. While actual delivery will not least depend on how the Commission will use its established and newly acquired powers and tools, the 2030 Framework reinforces EU interest in strengthening international climate governance under the Paris Agreement.

AbstractEstablished at the height of the Eurozone sovereign debt crisis, the intergovernmental European Stability Mechanism (ESM) has, potentially, considerable influence over decisions on the provision of loans to Eurozone member state governments and on the recapitalization of banks. Legally and organizationally, the ESM is an international financial institution and thus its accountability can be compared to that of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other international financial institutions. However, the ESM's governance structure and decision‐making procedures show that it is deeply embedded in the Eurozone governance architecture, resulting in a dual institutional embeddedness. Focusing on vertical and horizontal accountability combined with a learning perspective on accountability, this article presents an assessment of the accountability mechanisms applicable to the idiosyncratic ESM and how these mechanisms work in practice.

PurposeThis paper aims to introduce a systematic computing and analytical procedure that is applied to the co-author network to identify the temporal evolution and growth of research collaborations in the area of e-governance. The empirical analysis of the temporal co-author network can trace the emerging authors and knowledge bursts over time.Design/methodology/approachThe study applied social network theory to trace the author collaboration patterns in the domain of e-governance. Analysis of the co-author network using micro and macro parameters was done to trace the temporal evolution of the author collaborations.FindingsE-governance is a multi-disciplinary research domain split over streams of management, politics, information technology and electronics. Hence, research collaborations play a significant role in its advancement. The knowledge sharing between individual authors, institutions and groups through research collaborations, resulting in extensive sharing of data, equipment and research methods, has boosted research activities and development in e-governance. In this paper, the authors systematically analyse the current scenario of research collaborations in the area of e-governance using co-author network to estimate its impact on the advancement of the field. The authors also analysed the temporal evolution of the co-author networks, which show remarkable growth of research collaborations in the domain of e-governance from the year 2000.Research limitations/implicationsThe co-author network analysis is only a proxy measure for the analysis of research collaborations. The names of the authors and the university affiliations used in the article are as retrieved from the research repository of Scopus. The degree, citations and other parameters related with authors have scope only within the environment of the co-author network used in the analysis. The criteria used in the study is limited to the degree of research collaborations and the number of co-authored publications in the giant component of the co-author network.Practical implicationsInstitutions, authors and governments can trace and select suitable topics and choose research groups of co-authors over the world for future research collaborations in e-governance. The knowledge about the emerging and most discussed topics gives an overview of the global research trends of e-governance.Social implicationsThe study identified the evolution of creative collaborations in e-governance in the global perspective. The methodology introduced here is helpful to detect the proficient and productive author collaborations and the spectrum of related e-governance research topics associated with them. As the author collaborations can be mapped to the institutional and country-level collaborations, the information is helpful for researchers, institutions and governments to establish the best collaborations in e-governance research based on the author proficiency, collaboration patterns and research topics as per the requirements.Originality/valueThe paper introduces a novel research methodology using temporal analysis of co-author network to identify the evolution of research patterns and the associated research topics.

Village rules are an important normative form of rural autonomy and play an important role in rural governance. In the construction of a country ruled by law, it is necessary to attach great importance to the value of the village rules and to further improve the status of the village rules. The full play of the role of the village rules is to make full use of the village rules in rural governance. The current village rules play a huge role in the revitalization of the countryside. The village rules can integrate rural economic, political, cultural and other resources. This article introduces the positive impact of the village rules on rural revitalization from many aspects. The rural revitalization under the guidance of the township has the functions of democratic participation, economic coordination, cultural inheritance, and social stability. The article lists examples of many rural villages in China. According to the requirements of the scientific development concept, we have analyzed in detail the positive impact of the village rules on ecological environment governance. The main reasons for the active role of the village rules are collective participation support, recognition of the legal system, support of the ecological environment, promotion of national cohesion, and changes in the rules of village rules. Finally, we propose suggestions for optimizing the role of village rules in rural revitalization and ecological governance from both the subjective and objective levels. First, the villagers should be highly involved, and then the grassroots government should focus on building platforms to participate in grassroots autonomy. While the government is helping to establish the village rules, it can also intervene in the formulation of village rules, so that the village rules are part of the grassroots informal legal system. Subjective and objective joint efforts can make the village rules develop continuously and contribute to building a harmonious society.

Purpose
The integrated reporting framework seeks to connect a firm's financial and non-financial performance in a single report by displaying how different forms of capital contribute to the firm's value creation. Drawing on impression management and incremental information approaches, the purpose of this paper is to examine how the content and semantic properties of intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) found in integrated reports is associated with firms' performance.


Design/methodology/approach
All reports by European listed firms from 2011 to 2016 available via the integrated reporting emerging practice examples database are analysed. Content analysis is used to assesses the quality of ICDs, whereas a regression analysis tests the variation in semantic properties of ICDs according to firms' performance.


Findings
ICDs in integrated reports are mainly discursive, with a backward looking orientation and a limited focus on human capital. On average, more than half of each ICD is conveyed in a positive tone. As the optimistic tone in firms' ICDs increases, so too does their non-financial performance measured in terms of environmental, social and governance aspects. This finding supports the incremental information approach.


Originality/value
This paper contributes to the current literature on ICDs by introducing new evidence on firms' motivations for non-financial disclosures in integrated reports. By taking a more comprehensive theoretical approach, namely, testing both impression management and incremental information hypotheses, this research extends on prior studies which tested similar relationships in integrated reports but focussed only on the impression management hypothesis.

PurposeThis paper aims to explain how contractual complexity, including contractual control, coordination and adaptation, makes a difference to the task and relationship conflict, and then, to investigate the moderating roles played by both, total interdependence and interdependence asymmetry, in altering the association between the two types of conflicts.Design/methodology/approachThis study obtained data through a questionnaire survey in the Chinese construction industry and the final sample consisted of 232 responses. The data were analysed using hierarchy analysis using SPSS.FindingsThe results are as follows: first, higher contractual control and coordination reduce the level of relationship conflicts, and higher contractual coordination also reduces the level of task conflicts; second, task conflict positively affects relationship conflict; third, task conflict mediates the relationship between contractual coordination and relationship conflict; and finally, when total interdependence is higher, task conflict induces more relationship conflict. On the contrary, high interdependence asymmetry weakens the positive relationship between task and relationship conflicts.Practical implicationsThis study highlights the importance of contracts in conflict management. The findings can guide practitioners in drafting suitable contracts to deal with task and relationship conflicts more effectively.Originality/valueThis study differentiates the effects of distinct components of contracts on task and relationship conflicts, and then reveals the contingent effects of interdependence on the relationship between task and relationship conflicts in inter-organisational transactions.