Suchergebnisse

Poor people living in slums are at particularly high risk from the impacts of climate change and natural hazards. They live on the most vulnerable lands within cities, typically areas that are deemed undesirable by others and are thus affordable. Residents are exposed to the impacts of landslides, sea-level rise, flooding, and other hazards. Exposure to risk is exacerbated by overcrowded living conditions, lack of adequate infrastructure and services, unsafe housing, inadequate nutrition, and poor health. These conditions can turn a natural hazard or change in climate into a disaster, and result in the loss of basic services, damage or destruction to homes, loss of livelihoods, malnutrition, disease, disability, and loss of life. This study analyzes the key challenges facing the urban poor given the risks associated with climate change and disasters, particularly with regard to the delivery of basic services, and identifies strategies and financing opportunities for addressing these risks. Several key findings emerge from the study and provide guidance for addressing risk:The urban poor are on the front line. The poor are particularly vulnerable to climate change and natural hazards due to where they live within cities, and the lack of reliable basic services.City governments are the drivers for addressing risks. Local governments play a vital role in providing basic services which are critical to improving the resilience of the urban poor. City officials build resilience by mainstreaming risk reduction into urban management. Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction can be best addressed and sustained over time through integration with existing urban planning and management practices.Significant financial support is needed. Local governments need to leverage existing and new resources to meet the shortfalls in service delivery and

The article seeks to provide a perspective of human trafficking as one of the fastest growing criminal activities of the last few years in the area of organised crime and one that affects human beings' most basic rights. In the main, the response to the problem has been its criminal prosecution, but without tackling the issues of need that underlie this conduct and which the traffickers take advantage of to abuse, assail and exploit the people they traffic. In this context, the evolution of Spanish legislation in terms of the criminalisation of this problem has made it one of the most repressive, although there is no clear evidence of its effectiveness. This punishment, which covers a wide range of criminal conducts, has not however been accompanied by any policies to support and integrate the victims of trafficking, which has led to a large number of victims being subjected to slavery who, in the majority of cases, fall under the control of the trafficking networks again.

Preliminaries for a Framework -- Beyond Instrumentalisation -- Activities and Desires -- Awareness -- Relationships -- Evaluative Self-Awareness -- Towards a Definition of Well-Being ; Appendix: Understanding Well-Being Through Life Narratives -- Towards Social Critique.

Abstract
This study exploits the correlation between Yellow River flooding and human capital accumulation using county-level data from Anhui, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, and Shandong provinces in China. Employing a spatial regression discontinuity approach, we compare the differences in human capital accumulation within and beyond the Yellow River floodplain areas (YRFA). Empirical results show human capital accumulation in the YRFA is at least 12.1 percent lower than outside the YRFA. Furthermore, our results demonstrate intergenerational transmission and gender differences in the negative impact of the Yellow River flooding on human capital accumulation. The baseline specifications of this study are not affected by drought and overall natural disasters. This paper documents historical human capital accumulation, clan power, and social trust, through which Yellow River flooding has a long-term impact.

Purpose - This research aims to analyze the influence of the Revenue Sharing Fund, General Allocation Fund, Special Allocation Fund, and Village Fund on the level of Human Development Index in 18 Districts in West Java Province in 2015-2018.Method - The data used in this study were secondary. The Revenue Sharing Fund, General Allocation Fund, Special Allocation Fund, and Village Fund are obtained from the Central Government Financial Report from the Ministry of Finance. Meanwhile, the human development index data were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The data were analyzed using multiple linear regressions. Result - The results showed that the revenue sharing fund had a positive and significant effect on the Human Development Index, the general allocation fund had a negative and significant effect on the human development index, the special allocation fund had a positive but insignificant effect on the human development index, while the village fund had a negative and insignificant effect on the human development index.Implication - This study provides information that in the implementation of effective transfers of funds in the process of receiving or transferring funds from provinces to regions, certainty and clarity regarding expenditure burdens or authority is needed which is a prerequisite for the successful implementation of fiscal decentralization policies through fund transfers so that an increase in the human development index can be achieved.Originality - By using secondary data from a sample of districts and cities in West Java, this study illustrates how the influence of Transfer Funds to Regions and Village Funds in increasing the Human Development Index.

This article has been developed from key points in an occasional address delivered by the author at a Dedication Service for healthcare chaplains in Brisbane, Australia. The metaphors of sheep, serpents, and doves mentioned in the focal verse from Matthew 10: 16-23 are explored and some possible pastoral implications are discussed. It is suggested that being sent as vulnerable representatives, prudent thinkers, and transparent practitioners represent complementary elements in a style of offering spiritual and pastoral care with relevance for contemporary healthcare chaplains and other pastoral workers.