Suchergebnisse

Auwalu Abdullahi,1–3 Azmi Hassan,1 Norizhar Kadarman,2 Ahmadu Saleh,4 Yusha'u Shu'aibu Baraya,5 Pei Lin Lua,61Institute for Community Development and Quality of Life (i-CODE), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kampus Gong Badak, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia; 2Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kampus Kota, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia; 3Department of Animal Health and Husbandry, Audu Bako College of Agriculture, Dambatta, Kano, Nigeria; 4School of Animal Science, Faculty of Bio-resources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia; 5Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia; 6Community Health Research Cluster, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kampus Gong Badak, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia Purpose: Foodborne diseases are common in the developing countries due to the predominant poor food handling and sanitation practices, particularly as a result of inadequate food safety laws, weak regulatory structures, and inadequate funding as well as a lack of appropriate education for food-handlers. The most frequently involved foods in disease outbreaks are of animal origin. However, in spite of the adequate legislation and laws governing the abattoir operation in Malaysia, compliance with food safety requirements during meat processing and waste disposal is inadequate. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the food safety knowledge, attitude, and practice toward compliance with abattoir laws among the workers in Terengganu, Malaysia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using simple random sampling technique in the six districts of Terengganu: two districts were used for the pilot study and the remaining four were used for the main study. One hundred sixty-five abattoir workers from the selected districts were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results: The mean and standard deviation of knowledge, attitude, and practice scores of the workers were 6.02 and 1.954, 45.16 and 4.496, and 18.03 and 3.186, respectively. The majority of the workers (38.8%) had a low level of knowledge and 91.7% had a positive attitude, while 77.7% had a good practice of compliance. Sex had a significant association with the level of knowledge (P<0.001) and practice (P=0.044) among the workers. The females had a higher level of knowledge than the males, while the males had a better practice of compliance than females. Similarly, knowledge also had a significant (P=0.009) association with the level of practice toward compliance with abattoir laws among the workers. Conclusion: The abattoir workers had a positive attitude and good practice, but a low level of knowledge toward compliance with the abattoir laws. Therefore, public awareness, workshops, and seminars relevant to the abattoir operations should be encouraged.Keywords: abattoir legislations, abattoir staff, KAP, compliance, Terengganu

Public opinion plays a key role in determining what formal and informal protections gay and lesbian teachers have on the job. This study examines 25 years of professional polling data to discern public attitudes regarding lesbians and gay men as elementary, high school, and college teachers. Data from 23 surveys conducted since 1987, covering over 35,000 respondents, is then analyzed to determine how public opinion varies by educational level, year of birth, religion, marital status, region, party identification, sex, and race. Though gay teachers remain controversial, and majority support for elementary school teachers only emerged in the late 1990s, public acceptance has grown steadily, with the growth accelerating in the past decade.

The main research question of this paper is: to what extent has the South African public service been influenced by New Public Management (NPM) reforms from 1999 to 2009. This article looks at key areas which are generally considered to be part of the NPM range of ideas. One of the tenets of NPM reform is decentralisation. While a framework has been put in place, in practice there has not been as much decentralisation as is normally presumed. Instead, there have been moves towards a stronger central state in recent years. For example, there has been the strengthening of the core centre of government, the growth of the stronger developmental state and greater Treasury control. Public service staff were cut in the 1990s. This was not a particularly successful strategy because it led to the exodus of skilled staff. Since 2000 there has been targeted growth to create a more professional public service. Corporatisation is another widely used NPM reform that has been adopted in the form of public entities. Again, the growth of public entities is perhaps not as widespread as sometimes presumed. The Senior Management Service (SMS) has been created to promote greater efficiency in the state. The evidence on the SMS is mixed. While there have been some good managers, there was concern about the quality of a number of others. Contract appointments are a major feature of NPM. The government has employed directors-general mostly on three- year contracts. While this has had its advantages, such as performance-based contracts, it has led to the premature departure of skilled staff from the public service. Performance management has been a major component of public service reform. However, it has only been erratically and inconsistently applied. Lastly, improved service delivery is at the heart of NPM. There have been a number of measures undertaken to improve service delivery. The evidence suggests there have been mixed results. There is still perhaps not a systematic service culture in the public service.The article concludes that, while there are elements of NPM in the reform programme, it has not taken off in the way that has commonly been presumed.

Public sector innovation is important because the pressures of growing expectations from citizens, budget crunches, and a surge of complex governance problems cannot be solved by standard government solutions or increased funding. In order to innovate, government increasingly needs to collaborate with networks of partners across agency boundaries and especially with the nonprofit and private sectors to find new solutions. This interaction within a network can enhance creative and effective governance solutions. In this book, Jacob Torfing closely examines the link between network-based collaborative governance and innovation, proposes a framework for the study of collaborative innovation, and discusses this approach in light of theoretical insights from other disciplines and from examples of public innovation drawn from the United States, Europe, and Australia. This book will move scholars closer to being able to develop a theory of collaborative innovation

"B-240635"--p.1 ; "GAO/RCED-91-103" ; "April 1991." ; Cover title. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

"B-243293"--p. [1]. ; "GAO/RCED-91-157" ; "August 1991" ; Cover title. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), 8(6), 2017 ; Wireless communication networks are highly prone to security threats. The major applications of wireless communication networks are in military, business, healthcare, retail, and transportations. These systems use wired, cellular, or adhoc networks. Wireless sensor networks, actuator networks, and vehicular networks have received a great attention in society and industry. In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has received considerable research attention. The IoT is considered as future of the internet. In future, IoT will play a vital role and will change our living styles, standards, as well as business models. The usage of IoT in different applications is expected to rise rapidly in the coming years. The IoT allows billions of devices, peoples, and services to connect with others and exchange information. Due to the increased usage of IoT devices, the IoT networks are prone to various security attacks. The deployment of efficient security and privacy protocols in IoT networks is extremely needed to ensure confidentiality, authentication, access control, and integrity, among others. In this paper, an extensive comprehensive study on security and privacy issues in IoT networks is provided. ; http://thesai.org/Downloads/Volume8No6/Paper_50-Security_Issues_in_the_Internet_of_Things.pdf