Suchergebnisse

Character assassination : theoretical framework / Martijn Icks, U of Amsterdam, Eric Shiraev, Jennifer Keohane & Sergei A. Samoilenko -- Inoculation theory against/as character assassination / Josh Compton -- The traumatic psychological impact of character attacks on targets / Eric Shiraev & Olga Makhovskaya -- Character assassination as a structurational phenomenon / Sergei A. Samoilenko -- Cross-cultural comparisons of character assassination / Eric Shiraev -- Character attacks on Dutch revolutionary Adam Gerard Mappa (1754-1828) / Edwina Hagen -- Character assassination in the Soviet Union and Russia / Ekaterina Egorova & Elizaveta Egorov -- Character assassination of activists in Egypt : ElBaradei as a target / Alamira Samah Saleh -- Character assassination and the contemporary anti-corruption campaign in the Chinese military / Zi Yang -- Character attacks by Dutch populist radical right leader Geert Wilders / Stijn van Kessel -- Ad hominem attacks in Greek politics : the case of the 2015 referendum / Athanassios N. Samaras, Kyriakos Kolovos & Niki Papagianni -- The role of propaganda in the character assassination of world leaders in international affairs / Greg Simons -- Agrippina, Theodora and Fredegund as evil empresses in the historiographic tradition / Martijn Icks -- The character assassination of Marie-Antoinette : defamation in the age of the French revolution / Simon Burrows -- Argumentum ad carricare as a mode of character attack : Alec Baldwin as Donald Trump on Saturday Night Live / Christopher J. Gilbert -- Corporate character assassination and crisis communication / Timothy Coombs & Sherry Holladay -- Country reputation assassination during the Greek memorandum re-negotiations / Neofytos Aspriadis, Emmanouil Takas & Athanassios N. Samaras -- The fight for public opinion and memoria in the early Roman principate / Florian Krüpe -- The rhetorical and ethical implications of character assassination in the age of McCarthy / Jennifer Keohane -- Character assassination and the Nixon White House / Maureen Minielli -- Character assassination and persuasive attack on CBS's Face the Nation / William L. Benoit -- Reductio ad Hitlerum as a new frame for political and geopolitical conflicts / Marlene Laruelle -- Show trials in communist countries : psychology of the ultimate cases of character assassination / Martina Klicperová-Baker -- Character assassination in Reformation propaganda / Scott Dixon & Anita Traninger -- Late night TV humor and the culture of ridicule / S. Robert Lichter & Stephen Farnsworth -- Character assassins and moral entrepreneurs : social media and the regulation of morality / Chris Ingraham & Joshua Reeves -- Psychological traits of character assassins : studies in cyber-aggression / Olga Bogolyubova -- Character assassination as scapegoating : the dentist who killed Cecil the Lion / Casey Schmitt -- Character assassination by memes : mosquitos versus elephants / Jens Seiffert-Brockmann -- Conclusions and future research / Sergei A. Samoilenko, Jennifer Keohane, Martijn Icks, Eric Shiraev.

The paper provides review of the monograph by Ekaterina Evgrashkina The Semiotic Nature of Semantic Uncertainty in Modern Poetic Discourse (based on German and Russian poetry), published in the Russian language as part of the series NEUERE LYRIK. Interkulturelle und interdisziplinäre Studien. Herausgegeben von Henrieke Stahl, Dmitrij Bak, Hermann Korte, Hiroko Masumoto und Stephanie Sandler. BAND 5. Berlin: Peter Lang, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2019. 173 s. ISBN 978- 3-631-78193-7. The monograph deals with the main trends of German and Russian poetry of the last decades. The focus is on the phenomenon of hermetic poetry. Modern authors consciously choose writing strategies such as literary improvisation, language play, and various intermedial inclusions. The first chapter 'The problem of poetic meaning' provides a theoretical framework for the field of research. It introduces the definitions of discourse, the concepts 'language games' (developed by L. Wittgenstein), 'text / discourse', 'text / work', dialogical dimensions of poetic text. The second chapter 'Semiotics of modern poetry' covers the concept 'mobile semiosis' (J. Baudrillard) and some others. In hermetic poetic discourse, generation of meaning is based on mobile semiosis, in which the relationship of stability between the signifier and the signified is called into question. In The Role of the Reader, Umberto Eco describes two models of the reader, different strategies for interpreting text. Susan Sontag denies the possibility of final interpretation of a text, she suggests eroticism of art instead of hermeneutics. The third chapter 'Linguistic installations' considers various manifestations of poetic Hermeticism in modern poetry, the experience of concrete and visual poetry in German: Timm Ulrichs (1940), Klaus Peter Dencker (1941), Barbara Köhler (1959), Werner Herbst (1943–2008), Anatol Knotek (1977), Herta Müller (1953). The final chapter 'The self-reflexive discourse' deals with the trend of modern poetry towards free verse and construction of new complex poetic forms. The process of occasional word formation is shown in the lyrical texts by German poets Thomas Kling (1957–2005), Lutz Seiler (1963), Konstantin Ames (1979), Lioba Happel (1957), Thomas Böhme (1955), and by Russian authors Polina Andrukovich (1969), Alexander Ulanov (1963), Dmitry Vorobyov (1979). In poetic discourse, the constitution of the poetic subject correlates with the introduction of new elements of culture into the poetic text. Such innovations do not lead to a mechanical increment of the elementary meaning, but to a structural transformation of the whole picture. The reviewed monograph is significant in that it provides theoretical understanding of individual poetic practices and the analysis of specific empirical material – the latest German and Russian poetry.

Alors que les travaux du Pacte pour un enseignement d'excellence se terminent, ce travail de recherche met le focus sur les nouveaux enjeux de la carrière de l'enseignant comme réponse à la pénurie en Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles (FWB) et en Europe. Les changements actuels que connait la carrière de l'enseignant constitueront les principaux intérêts de cette étude : mutations de la société actuelle, augmentation du quasi-marché scolaire, techniques de management proches du monde de l'économie, nouvelles attentes des jeunes enseignants… Au fil du travail, un type de modèle de carrière semble émerger à une échelle transnationale via les instances de gouvernance européenne et internationale. Ce modèle conçoit les enseignants efficaces comme un instrument pour améliorer la performance des systèmes éducatifs et dès lors comme meilleur moyen d'agir sur l'élève. Ce mémoire part du constat de pénurie en FWB comme début d'une histoire d'une profession en pleine mutation qui à l'heure d'une nouvelle réforme doit tendre vers l'excellence. Il va analyser et essayer de comprendre comment et pourquoi ce modèle tente de répondre à la pénurie, pourquoi se développe-t-il et quels sont les adjuvants et les oppositions à ce dernier. Pourquoi le métier d'enseignant doit-il être attractif ? Pourquoi cette attractivité est-elle conçue en opposition avec la linéarité de la carrière en lien ou non avec les rémunérations ? Ce modèle s'oppose à une conception de la carrière comme une vocation. Les questions de recherche seront : « Comment les idées de ce modèle sont reprises en partie ou en totalité ou pas du tout dans les nouvelles évolutions en Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles ? En Europe ? Quel est le modèle transnational européen de la carrière de l'enseignant ? Ces idées transparaissent-elles dans le Pacte pour un enseignement d'excellence ? Le cœur de cette partie théorique est en lien avec une étude de la Commission européenne dans le cadre de son programme Éducation et formation 2020 : "Study on policy measures to improve the attractiveness of the teaching profession in Europe", rédigée en 2013. Les documents étudiés feront le postulat et considèreront que la pénurie d'enseignants est liée au manque d'attractivité du métier. Dans la partie empirique de ce travail de recherche analyse de manière thématique et croisée les positions des parties prenantes actuelles du monde de l'école sur la question de l'attractivité de la carrière de l'enseignant comme réponse à la pénurie : pour les acteurs syndicaux en FWB : Eugène Ernst (CSC E) et Joseph Thonon (CGSP), pour les acteurs syndicaux européens : Paola Camillini et Ekaterina Efimenko (ETUCE), pour les acteurs patronaux : Étienne Michel (SEGEC) et pour les acteurs parents : Bernard Hubien et Michaël Lontie (UFAPEC). ; Master [120] en politique économique et sociale (horaire décalé), Université catholique de Louvain, 2018

Alors que les travaux du Pacte pour un enseignement d'excellence se terminent, ce travail de recherche met le focus sur les nouveaux enjeux de la carrière de l'enseignant comme réponse à la pénurie en Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles (FWB) et en Europe. Les changements actuels que connait la carrière de l'enseignant constitueront les principaux intérêts de cette étude : mutations de la société actuelle, augmentation du quasi-marché scolaire, techniques de management proches du monde de l'économie, nouvelles attentes des jeunes enseignants… Au fil du travail, un type de modèle de carrière semble émerger à une échelle transnationale via les instances de gouvernance européenne et internationale. Ce modèle conçoit les enseignants efficaces comme un instrument pour améliorer la performance des systèmes éducatifs et dès lors comme meilleur moyen d'agir sur l'élève. Ce mémoire part du constat de pénurie en FWB comme début d'une histoire d'une profession en pleine mutation qui à l'heure d'une nouvelle réforme doit tendre vers l'excellence. Il va analyser et essayer de comprendre comment et pourquoi ce modèle tente de répondre à la pénurie, pourquoi se développe-t-il et quels sont les adjuvants et les oppositions à ce dernier. Pourquoi le métier d'enseignant doit-il être attractif ? Pourquoi cette attractivité est-elle conçue en opposition avec la linéarité de la carrière en lien ou non avec les rémunérations ? Ce modèle s'oppose à une conception de la carrière comme une vocation. Les questions de recherche seront : « Comment les idées de ce modèle sont reprises en partie ou en totalité ou pas du tout dans les nouvelles évolutions en Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles ? En Europe ? Quel est le modèle transnational européen de la carrière de l'enseignant ? Ces idées transparaissent-elles dans le Pacte pour un enseignement d'excellence ? Le cœur de cette partie théorique est en lien avec une étude de la Commission européenne dans le cadre de son programme Éducation et formation 2020 : "Study on policy measures to improve the attractiveness of the teaching profession in Europe", rédigée en 2013. Les documents étudiés feront le postulat et considèreront que la pénurie d'enseignants est liée au manque d'attractivité du métier. Dans la partie empirique de ce travail de recherche analyse de manière thématique et croisée les positions des parties prenantes actuelles du monde de l'école sur la question de l'attractivité de la carrière de l'enseignant comme réponse à la pénurie : pour les acteurs syndicaux en FWB : Eugène Ernst (CSC E) et Joseph Thonon (CGSP), pour les acteurs syndicaux européens : Paola Camillini et Ekaterina Efimenko (ETUCE), pour les acteurs patronaux : Étienne Michel (SEGEC) et pour les acteurs parents : Bernard Hubien et Michaël Lontie (UFAPEC). ; Master [120] en politique économique et sociale (horaire décalé), Université catholique de Louvain, 2018

Pathogenic variants in MYH3 cause distal arthrogryposis type 2A and type 2B3 as well as contractures, pterygia and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndromes types 1A and 1B. These disorders are ultra-rare and their natural course and phenotypic variability are not well described. In this study, we summarize the clinical features and genetic findings of 17 patients from 10 unrelated families with vertebral malformations caused by dominant or recessive pathogenic variants in MYH3. Twelve novel pathogenic variants in MYH3 (NM_002470.4) were identified: three of them were de novo or inherited in autosomal dominant way and nine were inherited in autosomal recessive way. The patients had vertebral segmentation anomalies accompanied with variable joint contractures, short stature and dysmorphic facial features. There was a significant phenotypic overlap between dominant and recessive MYH3-associated conditions regarding the degree of short stature as well as the number of vertebral fusions. All monoallelic variants caused significantly decreased SMAD3 phosphorylation, which is consistent with the previously proposed pathogenic mechanism of impaired canonical TGF-beta signaling. Most of the biallelic variants were predicted to be protein-truncating, while one missense variant c.4244T>G,p.(Leu1415Arg), which was inherited in an autosomal recessive way, was found to alter the phosphorylation level of p38, suggesting an inhibition of the non-canonical pathway of TGF-beta signaling. In conclusion, the identification of 12 novel pathogenic variants and overlapping phenotypes in 17 affected individuals from 10 unrelated families expands the mutation and phenotype spectrum of MYH3-associated skeletal disorders. We show that disturbances of canonical or non-canonical TGF-beta signaling pathways are involved in pathogenesis of MYH3-associated skeletal fusion (MASF) syndrome. ; Funding Agencies|National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [81930068, 81772299, 81822030, 82072391, 81972132, 81672123, 81972037, 81902178]; Beijing Natural Science FoundationBeijing Natural Science Foundation [JQ20032, 7191007]; CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS) [2021-I2M-1-051, 2021-I2M-1-052]; Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences [2019PT320025]; Tsinghua University-Peking Union Medical College Hospital Initiative Scientific Research Program; PUMC Youth Fund & the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [3332019021]; Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission [K2015-54X-22 736-01-4, 2015-02227, 2018-03046]; Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (Vinnova)Vinnova [2014-01438]; Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation; IngaBritt och Arne Lundbergs forskningsstiftelse; Byggmastare Olle Engkvist Stiftelse; Promobilia; Nyckelfonden; Stiftelsen Frimurare Barnhuset i Stockholm; Region Stockholm; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; orebro University, orebro, Sweden; Sallskapet Barnavard; Karolinska InstitutetKarolinska Institutet; Stiftelsen Sallsyntafonden; Stiftelsen Samariten; Stiftelsen Promobilia; Region Stockholm [20180131, 20200500]; US National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [NINDS R35 NS105078]; National Human Genome Research Institute/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [NHGRI/NHLBI UM1 HG006542]; US NIH National Human Genome Research Institute [NHGRI K08 HG008986]

В ситуации серьезной экономической нестабильности и политических потрясений, дефицита жизненно необходимых ресурсов на первый план выходят вопросы обеспечения безопасности человека. В статье раскрывается понятие безопасности как базовой жизнеобеспечивающей потребности человека, в частности затронуты актуальные вопросы роли органов государственной власти в обеспечении данной жизненной ценности. ; In a situation of serious economic instability and political upheaval, the shortage of vital resources, the upmost issues are the problems of ensuring human security. This article reveals the concept of security as a basic life-supporting human need, in particular, it adresses the current issues of the role of public authorities in ensuring this vital value.

В статье рассматриваются компетенции и полномочия органов государственной власти РФ в рамках их правового статуса в сфере обеспечения безопасности критической информационной инфраструктуры. В ряде федеральных органов исполнительной власти изменились некоторые функции и полномочия в сфере информационной безопасности. В частности, Федеральная Служба Безопасности на основании Указа Президента РФ уполномочена на создание государственной системы обнаружения, предупреждения и ликвидации последствий компьютерных атак на информационные ресурсы РФ. Однако не все права и обязанности являются закрепленными, ряд полномочий вызывает двойственность правового положения некоторых федеральных органов государственной власти. Четкость и однозначность закрепления прав и обязанностей государственных органов, уполномоченных в сфере информационной безопасности, являются гарантиями эффективного обеспечения безопасности значимых объектов информационной инфраструктуры. ; The article discusses the competences and powers of the state authorities of the Russian Federation within their legal status in the field of ensuring the security of critical information infrastructure. Some functions and authorities in the field of information security have changed in a number of federal executive bodies. In particular, the Federal Security Service, on the basis of a presidential decree, is authorized to create a state system for detecting, preventing and eliminating the consequences of computer attacks on information resources of the Russian Federation. However, not all rights and obligations are enshrined; a number of powers cause the duality of the legal status of certain federal bodies of state power. The clarity and unambiguity of securing the rights and obligations of state bodies authorized in the field of information security are guarantees for effectively ensuring the security of important information infrastructure facilities.

Anthropogenic freshwater habitats may provide undervalued prospects for long-term conservation as part of species conservation planning. This fundamental, but overlooked, issue requires attention considering the pace that humans have been altering natural freshwater ecosystems and the accelerated levels of biodiversity decline in recent decades. We compiled 709 records of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) inhabiting a broad variety of anthropogenic habitat types (from small ponds to large reservoirs and canals) and reviewed their importance as refuges for this faunal group. Most records came from Europe and North America, with a clear dominance of canals and reservoirs. The dataset covered 228 species, including 34 threatened species on the IUCN Red List. We discuss the conservation importance and provide guidance on how these anthropogenic habitats could be managed to provide optimal conservation value to freshwater mussels. This review also shows that some of these habitats may function as ecological traps owing to conflicting management practices or because they act as a sink for some populations. Therefore, anthropogenic habitats should not be seen as a panacea to resolve conservation problems. More information is necessary to better understand the trade-offs between human use and the conservation of freshwater mussels (and other biota) within anthropogenic habitats, given the low number of quantitative studies and the strong biogeographic knowledge bias that persists. ; This publication is based upon work from COST Action CA18239, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). A.M.L. was financed by the Institute of Environmental Sciences Jagiellonian University (N18/DBS/000003) and K.N. by the Aragón Government. The authors acknowledge Jarosław Andrzejewski, Bartosz Czader, Anna Fica, Marcin Horbacz, Tomasz Jonderko, Steinar Kålås, Tomasz Kapela, Bjørn Mejdell Larsen, Maciej Pabijan, Katarzyna Pawlik, Ilona Popławska, Joanna Przybylska, Tomasz Przybył, Mateusz Rybak, Kjell ...

The paper deals with the analysis of the concept "regional complex" by three mainstream approaches in the IR theory, namely, neorealism, neoliberalism, and social constructivism. In the English-speaking world the concept is mostly associated with the Regional Security Complexes Theory (RSCT) developed by Barry Buzan and Ole Wæver. However, such understanding reads the concept too narrow. Russian scholars (Alexei D. Voskressenski, Ekaterina V. Koldunova) broaden this understanding by engaging developmental issues. Yet, it seems that the concept "regional complex" still needs further elaboration. The author aims to analyze the use of the concept in the available English and Russian academic literature in order to reveal its scientific value. Having found that existing interpretations do not identify unambiguously the meaning of the "regional complex", the author suggests her own definition of the regional complex as an integrated ("mature") regional subsystem, which possesses its own actorness based on the feeling of a specific regional identity that is shared by peoples of the region as well as extra-regional observers. The paper offers an analytic comparison of the notions "region", "regional subsystem", "regional complex". The main conclusion drawn by the author implies that the concept of "regional complex", virtually ignored by English-speaking academic community, deserves an entry in the Russian political science thesaurus because it helps to conceptualise a promising field of international relations, that is, regional and interregional interaction. It seems that the use of this term is meaningful and productive for further development of the RussianschoolofWorld Regional Studies. ; Настоящая статья посвящена рассмотрению понятия «региональный комплекс» (regional complex) с позиций трёх доминирующих на данный момент в теории международных отношений парадигмальных подходов ‒ неореализма, неолиберализма и конструктивизма. В англоязычной литературе понятие «региональный комплекс» ассоциируется, прежде всего, с теорией региональных комплексов безопасности, выдвинутой Б. Бузаном и О. Уэвером; однако, такая трактовка значительно обедняет его содержание. В отечественной литературе предпринята попытка отойти от узкого понимания данного термина, расширив его содержание за счёт добавления проблематики развития (см. работы А.Д. Воскресенского, Е.В. Колдуновой и др.). Вместе с тем, представляется, что с концептуальной точки зрения данное понятие всё ещё недостаточно проработано. Автор статьи ставит своей целью проанализировать применение термина «региональный комплекс» в доступной ему англоязычной и русскоязычной литературе с тем, чтобы выявить его научную ценность. Признавая, что существующие трактовки не позволяют однозначно зафиксировать значение рассматриваемого термина, автор предлагает своё определение регионального комплекса как интегрированной («зрелой») региональной подсистемы, обладающей собственной субъектностью, основанной на чувстве региональной (само)идентичности, разделяемой населением конкретного региона и внерегиональными наблюдателями. В статье приводится аналитическое сравнение понятий «регион», «региональная подсистема», «региональный комплекс», характеризуются их смысловые отличия. Основной вывод автора заключается в том, что понятие регионального комплекса, несмотря на его практическую невостребованность англоязычными исследователями, заслуживает своего места в русскоязычном политологическом словаре, поскольку позволяет концептуализировать многообещающую сферу международных отношений – региональные и межрегиональные взаимодействия. Представляется, что использование данного термина является значимым и продуктивным для дальнейшего развития отечественной школы мирового комплексного регионоведения.

"This book reimagines dialogue as a tool to drive inquiries, encourage reflection and develop meaningful collaborations. It aims to foster public conversations surrounding identity, language and power that inspire criticality, innovation and multimodal engagement"--

В статье рассматривается воспитательная работа, проводимая в Санкт-Петербургском Суворовском училище МВД России. Раскрываются методы, задачи и цели воспитания, стоящие перед руководством и профессорско-преподавательским составом, направленные на формирование всесторонне профессионально развитой личности, достойного сотрудника Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации. ; He article deals with educational work, held in St. Petersburg Suvorov school of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia. The methods, tasks and goals of education facing management and teaching staff, aimed at on the formation of a comprehensively professionally developed personality, a worthy employee of the Ministry of internal Affairs of the Russian Federation Confederations.