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Purpose To expand the reach of health-promotion efforts for people with disabilities, we piloted a health-coaching intervention with a disability-specific curriculum. We evaluated the intervention's effects on health-related quality of life and health behavior change. Design Mixed-methods research design using pre-post measures and semi-structured interviews. Setting/Participants A convenience sample of community-dwelling adults with disabilities (n = 39). Intervention Participants engaged in a curriculum-based health coaching intervention, titled Health My Way, which used weekly one-on-one coaching for up to 12 weeks. Methods Participants completed pre- and post-intervention surveys including questions from the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) measure and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. A subset of participants completed in-depth interviews to explore how health coaching influences health behavior change (n = 12). Results We found statistically significant effects on poor-health days due to physical and mental health, and effects on physical activity. We saw additional effects with engagement in relevant curriculum content. Qualitative main themes (tailoring of information, enthusiasm for personally meaningful goals, and social support) indicated processes by which health coaching supported health behavior changes. Conclusions The results of this pilot study indicate health coaching appears to be effective for improving HRQOL and health behavior, especially physical activity, for people with disabilities. Apparent key factors include enthusiasm for personally meaningful goals, having tailored information, and social support.

National Eating Disorders Association conducts a NEDAwareness week every year, during which it publishes content on social media and news aimed to raise awareness of eating disorders. Measuring the impact of these actions is vital for maximizing the effectiveness of such interventions. This study is an effort to empirically measure the change in behavior of users who engage with NEDAwareness content, and compare the detected changes between campaigns in two different years. We analyze a total of 35,895 tweets generated during two campaigns of NEDAwareness campaigns in 2019 and 2020. In order to assess the reach of each campaign, we consider the users participating in the campaigns and their number of followers, as well as retweeting engagement. We use the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) text modeling and causal impact analysis in order to gauge the change in self-expression of users who have interacted with the NEDAwareness content, compared to a baseline group of users. We further enrich our understanding of the users by extracting gender information from their display names. We find that, despite large media corporations (such as MTV and Teen Vogue) participating in the campaign, it is governmental and nonprofit accounts who are among the accounts that attract the most retweets. Whereas the most influential accounts were well-connected in 2019, the 2020 campaign saw little retweeting between such accounts, negatively impacting the reach of the material. Both campaigns engaged women at around 40% and men 17%, supporting previous research showing women to be more likely to share their experiences with eating disorders. Further, women were more likely to mention other health topics within the 15 days of the intervention, including pregnancy and abortion, as well as depression and anxiety, and to discuss the developing COVID pandemic in 2020. Despite the positive message of the campaign, we find that the users who have engaged with this content were more likely to mention the linguistic categories ...

Intro -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- 1 Confronting Risk Tradeoffs -- 2 Estrogen Therapy for Menopause -- 3 Clozapine Therapy for Schizophrenia -- 4 Licensing the Elderly Driver -- 5 Saving Gasoline and Lives -- 6 Eating Fish -- 7 Seeking Safe Drinking Water -- 8 Recycling Lead -- 9 Regulating Pesticides -- 10 Protecting the Global Environment -- 11 Resolving Risk Tradeoffs -- References -- Contributors -- Author Index -- Subject Index.

Socio-cultural aspects can be a potential and obstacle to maternal health. The Madura ethnic group in Jember Regency still adheres to the tradition of hereditary in maintaining maternal health. The research objective is to identify and analyze the perceptions and behaviors of Madurese ethnic culture in Jember Regency on maternal health. This research is a qualitative research with ethnographic research type. Data collection techniques using passive participatory observation and in-depth interviews. Informants were selected using purposive sampling techniques for pregnant women, husbands of pregnant mothers, parents or in-laws of pregnant women, fertile age couples, community leaders, cultural leaders, religious leaders, traditional birth attendants with a total of 8 informants. The study was conducted in Panduman Village and Sucopangepok Village in Jelbuk District, Jember Regency, East Java Province in December 2019 until February 2020, where Madurese ethnic groups reside. Informant data is validated through triangulation, analysis is carried out to determine the potential and constraints. The results showed that the practice of Madurese Ethnic culture had supported the health sector by carrying out antenatal care examinations for health workers, but there were still cultural practices which were constraints, namely: underage marriages, not conducting pregnancy examinations in the first trimester, shamans still helped in childbirth. It is recommended to improve the approach of health workers and local government to the community through health promotion activities in order to foster a sense of trust in a modern health culture without leaving cultural traditions that do not conflict with the world of health.

Die globale Krankheitslast hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten erheblich verändert. Die Belastung durch nicht übertragbare Krankheiten hat zugenommen, insbesondere in Ländern mit mittlerem Einkommen, und zoonotische Pandemien wie HIV/AIDS und COVID-19 haben die Gesundheitssysteme rund um den Globus getroffen. Infolgedessen sehen sich Gesundheitssysteme und Gesellschaften mit neuen Herausforderungen konfrontiert, wie z. B. der Notwendigkeit, Auffassungen und Verhalten zu Gesundheit zu aktualisieren und die Gruppen zu unterstützen, die für diese Veränderungen am vulnerabelsten sind. In dieser...