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Numerous studies of role, employing diverse methodologies in a wide range of social contexts, have accumulated in the social sciences over many decades. The concept of role retains considerable appeal for some who still pursue the goal of a unified theory of behavior for the social sciences, and for many others who discern in the role perspective a major source of concepts and insights on which they may draw eclectically for all manner of social research. Since the 1950s, and especially during the current decade, political scientists have produced studies of role and of role conflict focusing on political and administrative actors caught up in the process of change in various independent African states. Because die number and diversity of these studies are likely to increase in the future, they merit description and evaluation as a group. Both objectives are pursued in this article, with particular reference to three works on politics and administration in Ghana, Sierra Leone, and Tanzania.

Nat'l character must be distinguished from nat'l characteristics, & must be assessed over an adequate period of time. Also, the question must be faced as to whether pol'al instit's shape nat'l character more or less than they are shaped by it. The outstanding attributes of nat'l character discernible in recent cent's are particularism, atomism, orderliness, otherworldliness, restraint, a sense of mission, herrenvolkism, mysticism & humility, anthropocentricism, materialism, egalitarianism, traditionalism, logicism, empiricism, exp'alism, & resoluteness. But what of the future? It would appear that as we observe the passing of the bipolar pol'al world & are confronted with the vocal independence of the 3rd World, there will be an intensification of particularism, both within & among separate countries. Also, it appears that pol'al loyalties will be based increasingly on hate rather than love, which is another reason why we should try to develop an effective world gov. The state as a concept & a pol'al entity is fading. Gov's are becoming more ephemeral, but they are real & comprehensible, whether they take on the form of a republic, a one-man dictatorship, a one-party dictatorship, or a charismatic executive. HA.

Jeremy Corbyn's continued leadership of the Labour party has been contrary to the publicly stated expectations of many pundits and political scientists. This punditry has underpinned coverage of Corbyn and his Labour party that continually plays out in print, broadcast and social media. My claim is that the manner in which Corbyn and his supporters were discussed by prominent political scientists and pundits was reflective of a dismissive underlying attitude towards the political dynamics that his candidacy and subsequent leadership represent. In this paper, I do three things. First, I identify a group of intensely politically involved individuals who collectively hold the power to shape shared political meanings and understandings and locate some British political scientists within it. Second, I outline five points of opposition that this group had to Corbyn, demonstrating that although these maintain an appearance of objectivity, they are nonetheless normative in nature and largely conform to a dominant ideological standpoint seemingly shared among the group. Third, I reflect on the role of British political science in this context, raising concerns that our inculcation into this group might be affecting our academic endeavours as well as how we present ourselves and our work to the wider public.

Some agencies for the extension of our domestic & foreign trade, by G.B. Cortelyou.--Government control of banks & trust companies, by W.B. Ridgely.--Control & supervision of trust companies, by F.D. Kilburn.--The financial reports of national banks as a means of public control, by F.A. Cleveland.--State regulation of insurance, by L.G. Fouse.--The federal power over trusts, by J.M. Beck.--The scope & limits of congressional legislation against the trusts, by C.T. Lewis.--The northern securities case, by J.W. Garner Problems of immigration, by F.P. Sargent.--The diffusion of immigration, by Eliot Norton.--Selection of immigration, by P.F. Hall.--Immigration in its relation to pauperism, by K.H. Claghorn.--Australasian methods of dealing with immigration, by Frank Parsons.--Proposals affecting immigration, by J.J.D. Trenor.--The relation of trust companies to industrial combinations, as illustrated by the United States shipbuilding company. by L.W. Sammis.--Appendix. ; Mode of access: Internet.

This PhD dissertation consists of four self-contained chapters in the field of Political Development Economics. They are all empirical projects studying decision-making under heterogeneous conditions. In the first chapter, I investigate the causal link between economic expectations and voting in an independence referendum, and document that the effect is contingent upon voters' identity. In the second chapter we map state capacity at the subnational level in Africa and show that the risk of oil induced conflicts depends on levels of local state capacity. The third chapter focuses on the link between food scarcity and cooperative investments. Exploiting the harvest as an exogenous shock to food supply in rural Tanzania, we document a causal role of food scarcity in suppressing socially efficient cooperation. The fourth and final chapter studies moral decision making in Greenland. We develop a measure of parochial honesty - the propensity to behave honestly toward the ingroup but not toward the outgroup - and show that market exposure predicts the degree of group differentiation.