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In this article, we develop an approach for the moral assessment of research and development (R & D) networks on the basis of the reflective equilibrium approach proposed by Rawls and Daniels. The reflective equilibrium approach aims at coherence between moral judgments, principles, and background theories. We use this approach because it takes seriously the moral judgments of the actors involved in R & D, whereas it also leaves room for critical reflection about these judgments. It is shown that two norms, namely reflective learning and openness and inclusiveness, which are used in the literature on policy and technological networks, contribute to achieving a justified overlapping consensus. We apply the approach to a case study about the development of an innovative sewage treatment technology and show how in this case the two norms are or could be instrumental in achieving a justified overlapping consensus on relevant moral issues.

This paper analyses the impact of a public research and development (R&D) subsidyto private firms in Mexico. My estimates suggest that the subsidy has a positive im-pact on personnel allocated to innovation activities, but it does not have an effect onother measures of R&D performance, such as research personnel, patents or privateR&D spending. I argue that awarded firms would have performed their planned R&Dprojects in case they were not granted the public funds. Additional public funds seemto be invested in allocating more personnel on already planned projects, but not oncarrying out additional ones. Specifically, I analyze thePrograma de Est ́ımulos a laInnovaci ́on(PEI) subsidy. The program's rules set a grade threshold below which noR&D projects get the grants and above which some projects are granted. This grant-ing process allows to use a fuzzy regression discontinuity approach to identify causalinference.

This paper analyses the impact of a public research and development (R&D) subsidyto private firms in Mexico. My estimates suggest that the subsidy has a positive im-pact on personnel allocated to innovation activities, but it does not have an effect onother measures of R&D performance, such as research personnel, patents or privateR&D spending. I argue that awarded firms would have performed their planned R&Dprojects in case they were not granted the public funds. Additional public funds seemto be invested in allocating more personnel on already planned projects, but not oncarrying out additional ones. Specifically, I analyze thePrograma de Est ́ımulos a laInnovaci ́on(PEI) subsidy. The program's rules set a grade threshold below which noR&D projects get the grants and above which some projects are granted. This grant-ing process allows to use a fuzzy regression discontinuity approach to identify causalinference.

This paper analyses the impact of a public research and development (R&D) subsidyto private firms in Mexico. My estimates suggest that the subsidy has a positive im-pact on personnel allocated to innovation activities, but it does not have an effect onother measures of R&D performance, such as research personnel, patents or privateR&D spending. I argue that awarded firms would have performed their planned R&Dprojects in case they were not granted the public funds. Additional public funds seemto be invested in allocating more personnel on already planned projects, but not oncarrying out additional ones. Specifically, I analyze thePrograma de Est ́ımulos a laInnovaci ́on(PEI) subsidy. The program's rules set a grade threshold below which noR&D projects get the grants and above which some projects are granted. This grant-ing process allows to use a fuzzy regression discontinuity approach to identify causalinference.

This paper analyses the impact of a public research and development (R&D) subsidyto private firms in Mexico. My estimates suggest that the subsidy has a positive im-pact on personnel allocated to innovation activities, but it does not have an effect onother measures of R&D performance, such as research personnel, patents or privateR&D spending. I argue that awarded firms would have performed their planned R&Dprojects in case they were not granted the public funds. Additional public funds seemto be invested in allocating more personnel on already planned projects, but not oncarrying out additional ones. Specifically, I analyze thePrograma de Est ́ımulos a laInnovaci ́on(PEI) subsidy. The program's rules set a grade threshold below which noR&D projects get the grants and above which some projects are granted. This grant-ing process allows to use a fuzzy regression discontinuity approach to identify causalinference.

This paper analyses the impact of a public research and development (R&D) subsidyto private firms in Mexico. My estimates suggest that the subsidy has a positive im-pact on personnel allocated to innovation activities, but it does not have an effect onother measures of R&D performance, such as research personnel, patents or privateR&D spending. I argue that awarded firms would have performed their planned R&Dprojects in case they were not granted the public funds. Additional public funds seemto be invested in allocating more personnel on already planned projects, but not oncarrying out additional ones. Specifically, I analyze thePrograma de Est ́ımulos a laInnovaci ́on(PEI) subsidy. The program's rules set a grade threshold below which noR&D projects get the grants and above which some projects are granted. This grant-ing process allows to use a fuzzy regression discontinuity approach to identify causalinference.