Suchergebnisse

This information guide explains the South Carolina Tax Appeals Procedure for State Tax Refund Claims (Other than Property Tax, Bingo, and Alcoholic Beverage Matters).

Corruption is an old social phenomenon intrinsic to governments, individuals, organizations, and countries, bothdeveloped and developing. Despite sustained efforts of many states and international organizations to curb it,corruption as an ethical and legal problem still exists. The author aim at tackling the phenomena of corruption andresponsibility not only at a theoretical level but also with attempts to model possibilities fighting corruption andincreasing public servants responsibility.Paper starts with proposition that media role informing the public about corrupt behaviour of elected andappointed officials are controversial in Lithuania as it creates the feeling of helplessness, mistrust, etc. Detailedanalyses of various concept of corruption are provided together with conclusion on three developing tendenciestrying to define this social phenomenon. 1) Term was expanded from seeking private towards organizational orgroup benefit from the corrupt deal (personal/group interests). 2) Attention of researchers and practitioners movedfrom solely public towards private, non-profit sectors as well (traditional/modern definition). 3) The context of theproblem had changed together with globalisation and internationalisation processes (national/global). Political,administrative, private and international types of corruption are distinguished, naming several forms of corruptconduct (bribe, misuse of official position, conflict of interest, etc.). Social scientists approach the problem from two different methodological perspectives (moralistic andfunctional). Various researches suggest different theories trying to explain the corruption. Historical-culturalperspectives concentrate on political style and urbanization. Economists view the reasons of corruption inmisbalance between demand and supply, estimating level of risk and possible benefit. Organizational settings andpersonal values approaches provide other two opportunities to view the corrupt behaviour.Administrative corruption is influenced by the existing ...