Suchergebnisse

In recent years, the government of Texas has enacted multiple restrictions and funding limitations on women's health organizations affiliated with the provision of abortion services. These policies have caused numerous clinic closures throughout the state, drastically reducing access to reproductive health care. We study the impact of these clinic closures on fertility rates by combining quarterly snapshots of health center addresses from a network of women's health centers with restricted geotagged data of all Texas birth certificates for 2008–2013. We calculate the driving distance to the nearest clinic for each ZIP-code and quarter, and find that an increase of 100 miles to the nearest clinic results in a 1.2 percent increase in the fertility rate. This increase is driven by a 2.4 percent increase in the fertility rate for unmarried women, while there is no statistically significant change for married women.

THIS ESSAY IS CONCERNED WITH IDENTIFYING CERTAIN PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONCEPT OF CULTURE, ESPECIALLY AS THESE RELATE TO NORMATIVE THEORY. THE FIRST SECTION FOCUSES ON THE UNIVERSALIST /RELATIVIST DIVIDE AROUND WHICH MUCH RELEVANT THEORIZING HAS OCCURRED. IT ALSO HIGHLIGHTS PARTICULAR PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MARKED HETEROGENEITY THAT ACTUALLY CHARACTERIZES MANY CULTURAL COMMUNITIES. THIS IS RELEVANT TO THE DEEPER THEORETICAL PROBLEM OF DEPLOYING THE CONCEPT OF CULTURE AS THE BASIS OF A FRAMEWORK-DEPENDENT FORM OF ETHICAL RELATIVISM. THE SECOND SECTION IS CONCERNED PRINCIPALLY WITH DEVELOPING AN APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING DEMOCRACY THAT EMPHASIZES ITS NORMATIVE BASIS AND THE EXTENT TO WHICH DEMOCRATIC PRACTICE MAY LEGITIMATELY REFLECT CULTURAL DIFFERENCES. THEN THE AUTHOR TURNS TO THE MAJOR CONCEPTUAL DIVIDE THAT HAS BEEN CONSTRUCTED BETWEEN THE WEST AND "THE REST," BECAUSE THIS HAS IMPORTANT, BUT OFTEN NEGLECTED, IMPLICATIONS FOR CONTEMPORARY DEBATES ABOUT DEMOCRACY AND THE MORE GENERAL ROLE OF CULTURE IN POLITICS. THE CONCLUSION HIGHLIGHTS THE PROBLEMATIC STATUS OF CULTURE AS A SATISFACTORY EXPLANATORY AND ANALYTIC CONCEPT WHEN DEALING NOT ONLY WITH QUESTIONS OF DEMOCRACY BUT A RANGE OF PRESSING ISSUES IN GLOBAL POLITICS.

The internationalization of emerging economies has brought new perspectives to international business development. Focusing on the extensive impact these emerging economies and firms have had, this volume covers the strong players, such as Brazil, Russia, India and China, as well as dynamically developing economies such as Mexico and the Philippines. The contributors review topics such as the role of institutions and resource dependency on outward foreign direct investment from emerging economies, and the role of the global mindset and psychic distance on the performance of subsidiaries of firms originating from emerging economies. It explores new horizons in international business development and addresses challenging perspectives.

Social movement scholars cite the importance of strategy as a critical component of collective action. But what is a movement strategy, and what role does it play in facilitating movement processes? We conceptualize strategy as both the reason for engaging in collective action as well as the tools used in the course of action. More than a rational means-ends calculation, strategy is inherently a meaning-making process, providing the movement and its participants a sense of purpose. Using the U.S. environmental movement as a case study, and employing a data-driven and inductive strategy that combines both computational and qualitative methods, we find that strategy emerges as organizations link their actions to their goal orientation: what level of society the organization views as the locus of change. We conclude by illustrating changes over time in attention to different movement strategies, highlighting strategic differences between organizations working together in the same social movement.

AbstractThis study examines the impact of microcredit on household self‐employment profits in Vietnam. For two indicators of credit participation – a dichotomous participation dummy and the accumulated amount of microcredit received per household – the analysis reveals a positive effect on household profits. The analysis also reveals that an instrumental variable method within a fixed‐effects framework can control for the possible endogeneity of credit and thereby identify the true effect of credit.

To be human is to be social -- Social emotions -- Communicating with others -- Explaining ourselves -- Attitudes and persuasion -- Social influence -- Reacting to others -- The social self -- Applying social psychology -- Conducting social psychological research

Fear has long served elites. They rely on fear to keep and expand their privileges and control the masses. In the current crisis of the capitalist world system, elites in the United States, along with other central countries, promote fear of crime and terrorism. They shaped these fears so that people looked to authorities for security, which permitted extension of apparatuses of coercion like police and military forces. In the face of growing oppression, rebellion against elite hegemony remains possible. This book offers an analysis of the crisis and strategies for rebellion.