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International agreements as well as European and national legislation prohibit exploitation and trading of a number of edible marine shelled molluscs, due to either significant declines in their populations or destructive fishing practices. However, enforcement of existing legislation in Greece is ineffective and many populations of "protected" species continue to decline, mainly due to poaching. The extent of illegal trading of protected bivalves and gastropods in Greek seafood restaurants was investigated by interviewing owners or managers of 219 such restaurants in 92 localities. Interviews were based on questionnaires regarding the frequency of availability in the menus and the origin of twenty-one species or groups of species, among which eight are protected - illegally exploited. Forty-two percent of the surveyed restaurants were found to serve at least one of the protected ¬- illegally exploited species. Among the illegally traded species, Lithophaga lithophaga, Pecten jacobaeus, and Pinnanobilis were served in a relatively high proportion of the surveyed restaurants (22.8%, 19.2%, and 16.4% respectively), outrunning many commercial species. In many cases these species were always or often available (11.4%, 4.6% and 5.0% respectively). There was substantial spatial variation in the proportion of restaurants that illegally served protected species with differing patterns for each species; very high proportions of illegal trading were observed in some marine regions (e.g., date mussels were served in >65% of the seafood restaurants along the coastline of Evvoikos Gulf). In most cases the illegally traded species were of local origin, while there was no finding of illegally imported molluscs from other countries. The strategy for enforcement of existing legislation should be greatly improved otherwise protection of shelled molluscs will remain ineffective.

The objective of this study is to analyze the degree of involvement of marine tourism companies in Corporate Social Responsibility actions with special reference to relational responsibility, taking into account certain characteristics of the companies that allow defining a profile of socially responsible companies. Results are presented distinguishing between different levels of business commitment to CSR, and results of the estimation of the applied logit models. The assessment made by companies of socially responsible actions shows that actions of the internal dimension have more weight, especially actions on human resource management and environmental actions. Of particular relevance is the positive influence of factors related to human resource management, adaptation to change, community development and the relationship with private agents on the likelihood of a company having a high level of commitment to CSR. The factor least valued by all the companies has been that of relations with public agents. Besides companies with a broader CSR strategy are younger and smaller in size.

[pt. 1]:Considers legislation to revise Federal shipbuilding and operating subsidy programs, to authorize Federal investigations of employment and wage conditions on subsidized vessels, and to authorize a shipbuilding contract allocation program to maintain regional shipbuilding employment levels; pt. 2: Considers legislation to authorize Commerce Dept acquisition of vessels and material for emergency and war purposes and to revise methods for payment for construction and computation of depreciation on reconstructed vessels. Immediate effect of legislation would be to authorize Government purchase of Monterey and Mariposa to be utilized as troop carriers. ; Part 2, hearings on H.R. 9534. ; Hearings held May 31, 1949-Aug. 30, 1950. ; Edward J. Hart, chairman of subcommittee. ; [pt. 1] May 31, June 1, 2, 7, 8, 14, 15, 28, 29, 30, July 7, 1949. -- pt. 2. Hearings on H.R. 9534, a bill to amend the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, and for other purposes, August 29 and 30, 1950. ; [pt. 1]:Considers legislation to revise Federal shipbuilding and operating subsidy programs, to authorize Federal investigations of employment and wage conditions on subsidized vessels, and to authorize a shipbuilding contract allocation program to maintain regional shipbuilding employment levels; pt. 2: Considers legislation to authorize Commerce Dept acquisition of vessels and material for emergency and war purposes and to revise methods for payment for construction and computation of depreciation on reconstructed vessels. Immediate effect of legislation would be to authorize Government purchase of Monterey and Mariposa to be utilized as troop carriers. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Marine ecosystems are in decline. New transformational changes in governance are urgently required to cope with overfishing, pollution, global changes, and other drivers of degradation. Here we explore social, political, and ecological aspects of a transformation in governance of Chile's coastal marine resources, from 1980 to today. Critical elements in the initial preparatory phase of the transformation were (i) recognition of the depletion of resource stocks, (ii) scientific knowledge on the ecology and resilience of targeted species and their role in ecosystem dynamics, and (iii) demonstration-scale experimental trials, building on smaller-scale scientific experiments, which identified new management pathways. The trials improved cooperation among scientists and fishers, integrating knowledge and establishing trust. Political turbulence and resource stock collapse provided a window of opportunity that triggered the transformation, supported by new enabling legislation. Essential elements to navigate this transformation were the ability to network knowledge from the local level to influence the decision-making processes at the national level, and a preexisting social network of fishers that provided political leverage through a national confederation of artisanal fishing collectives. The resultant governance scheme includes a revolutionary national system of marine tenure that allocates user rights and responsibilities to fisher collectives. Although fine tuning is necessary to build resilience of this new regime, this transformation has improved the sustainability of the interconnected social–ecological system. Our analysis of how this transformation unfolded provides insights into how the Chilean system could be further developed and identifies generalized pathways for improved governance of marine resources around the world.

Le poster vise à présenter des résultats issus d'un projet scientifique CALM (Conservation des Aires Littorales et Maritimes) communiquer lors de la session 43465 "De la diversité des AMP à travers le monde : usages, modèles, enjeux d'appropriation" du Congrès mondial de la nature organisé par l'UICN. ; International audience ; Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are public policy action mechanisms for biodiversity conservation, whose inclusion in territories is complex and sometimes subject to obstacles.The poster presents the research approach of an analysis of 13 case studies on 5 continents, the role of conflicts in the process of institutionalisation of MPAs, their role for society and the challenges to which they give rise in terms of the process of inclusion and social acceptance in the territories. ; Les Aires Marines Protégées sont des dispositifs d'action de la politique publique de conservation de la biodiversité dont l'inscription dans les territoires est complexe et parfois soumise à des blocages. Le poster présente la démarche de recherche d'une analyse de 13 cas d'étude sur 5 continents, le rôle des conflits dans le processus d'institutionnalisation des AMP, leurs rôle pour la société et les défis auxquels ils renvoient en matière de territorialisation.

Le poster vise à présenter des résultats issus d'un projet scientifique CALM (Conservation des Aires Littorales et Maritimes) communiquer lors de la session 43465 "De la diversité des AMP à travers le monde : usages, modèles, enjeux d'appropriation" du Congrès mondial de la nature organisé par l'UICN. ; International audience ; Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are public policy action mechanisms for biodiversity conservation, whose inclusion in territories is complex and sometimes subject to obstacles.The poster presents the research approach of an analysis of 13 case studies on 5 continents, the role of conflicts in the process of institutionalisation of MPAs, their role for society and the challenges to which they give rise in terms of the process of inclusion and social acceptance in the territories. ; Les Aires Marines Protégées sont des dispositifs d'action de la politique publique de conservation de la biodiversité dont l'inscription dans les territoires est complexe et parfois soumise à des blocages. Le poster présente la démarche de recherche d'une analyse de 13 cas d'étude sur 5 continents, le rôle des conflits dans le processus d'institutionnalisation des AMP, leurs rôle pour la société et les défis auxquels ils renvoient en matière de territorialisation.

Le poster vise à présenter des résultats issus d'un projet scientifique CALM (Conservation des Aires Littorales et Maritimes) communiquer lors de la session 43465 "De la diversité des AMP à travers le monde : usages, modèles, enjeux d'appropriation" du Congrès mondial de la nature organisé par l'UICN. ; International audience ; Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are public policy action mechanisms for biodiversity conservation, whose inclusion in territories is complex and sometimes subject to obstacles.The poster presents the research approach of an analysis of 13 case studies on 5 continents, the role of conflicts in the process of institutionalisation of MPAs, their role for society and the challenges to which they give rise in terms of the process of inclusion and social acceptance in the territories. ; Les Aires Marines Protégées sont des dispositifs d'action de la politique publique de conservation de la biodiversité dont l'inscription dans les territoires est complexe et parfois soumise à des blocages. Le poster présente la démarche de recherche d'une analyse de 13 cas d'étude sur 5 continents, le rôle des conflits dans le processus d'institutionnalisation des AMP, leurs rôle pour la société et les défis auxquels ils renvoient en matière de territorialisation.

Le poster vise à présenter des résultats issus d'un projet scientifique CALM (Conservation des Aires Littorales et Maritimes) communiquer lors de la session 43465 "De la diversité des AMP à travers le monde : usages, modèles, enjeux d'appropriation" du Congrès mondial de la nature organisé par l'UICN. ; International audience ; Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are public policy action mechanisms for biodiversity conservation, whose inclusion in territories is complex and sometimes subject to obstacles.The poster presents the research approach of an analysis of 13 case studies on 5 continents, the role of conflicts in the process of institutionalisation of MPAs, their role for society and the challenges to which they give rise in terms of the process of inclusion and social acceptance in the territories. ; Les Aires Marines Protégées sont des dispositifs d'action de la politique publique de conservation de la biodiversité dont l'inscription dans les territoires est complexe et parfois soumise à des blocages. Le poster présente la démarche de recherche d'une analyse de 13 cas d'étude sur 5 continents, le rôle des conflits dans le processus d'institutionnalisation des AMP, leurs rôle pour la société et les défis auxquels ils renvoient en matière de territorialisation.

Le poster vise à présenter des résultats issus d'un projet scientifique CALM (Conservation des Aires Littorales et Maritimes) communiquer lors de la session 43465 "De la diversité des AMP à travers le monde : usages, modèles, enjeux d'appropriation" du Congrès mondial de la nature organisé par l'UICN. ; International audience ; Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are public policy action mechanisms for biodiversity conservation, whose inclusion in territories is complex and sometimes subject to obstacles.The poster presents the research approach of an analysis of 13 case studies on 5 continents, the role of conflicts in the process of institutionalisation of MPAs, their role for society and the challenges to which they give rise in terms of the process of inclusion and social acceptance in the territories. ; Les Aires Marines Protégées sont des dispositifs d'action de la politique publique de conservation de la biodiversité dont l'inscription dans les territoires est complexe et parfois soumise à des blocages. Le poster présente la démarche de recherche d'une analyse de 13 cas d'étude sur 5 continents, le rôle des conflits dans le processus d'institutionnalisation des AMP, leurs rôle pour la société et les défis auxquels ils renvoient en matière de territorialisation.