Suchergebnisse

Steady political polarization since the late 1970s ranks among the most consequential transformations of American politics—one with far-reaching consequences for governance, congressional performance, the legitimacy of the Supreme Court, and citizen perceptions of the stakes of party conflict and elections. Our understanding of this polarization critically depends on measuring it. Its measurement in turn began with the invention of the NOMINATE algorithm and the widespread adoption of its estimates of the ideal points of members of Congress. Although the NOMINATE project has not been immune from technical and conceptual critique, its impact on how we think about contemporary politics and its discontents has been extraordinary and has helped to stimulate the creation of several similar scores. In order to deepen appreciation of this broadly important intellectual phenomenon, we offer an intuitively accessible treatment of the mathematics and conceptual assumptions of NOMINATE. We also stress that NOMINATE scores are a major resource for understanding other eras in American political development (APD) besides the current great polarization. To illustrate this point, we introduce readers to Voteview, which provides two-dimensional snapshots of congressional roll calls, among other data that it generates. We conclude by sketching how APD scholarship might contribute to the contemporary polarization discussion. Placing polarization and depolarization in historical perspective may powerfully illuminate whether, how, and why our current polarization might recede.

Introduction : an unsettled time / Philip Rocco and Zachary Callen -- The scrambled cycle : realignment, political time, and the Trump presidency / Julia R. Azari -- The limits of policy feedback as a party-building tool / Daniel J. Galvin and Chloe N. Thurston -- Presidential nominations, factional conflict, and prospects for Democratic Party reform / Travis M. Johnston -- "One people, under one God, saluting one American flag" : Trump, the Republican Party, and the construction of American nationalism / Gwendoline Alphonso -- Trumpism and the dual tracks of American polarization / Paul Nolette -- Black Lives matter from Wilson to Trump : social movements in APD / Megan Ming Francis -- Whose president? Donald Trump and the Reagan regime / William D. Adler -- The policy state and the post-truth presidency / Philip Rocco -- Finding stability and sustainability in the Trump era : Medicare and the Affordable Care Act in historical perspective / Andrew S. Kelly -- State-building as parlor trick : Trump, the executive branch, and the politics of deconstruction / Zachary Callen -- Donald Trump and the end of American politics / Adam Sheingate -- Trumpism and the future of American political development / Robert C. Lieberman.