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With forty-two extensively annotated maps, this atlas offers novel insights into the history and mechanics of how Central Europe's languages have been made, unmade, and deployed for political action. The innovative combination of linguistics, history, and cartography makes a wealth of hard-to-reach knowledge readily available to both specialist and general readers. It combines information on languages, dialects, alphabets, religions, mass violence, or migrations over an extended period of time. The story first focuses on Central Europe's dialect continua, the emergence of states, and the spread of writing technology from the tenth century onward. Most maps concentrate on the last two centuries. The main storyline opens with the emergence of the Western European concept of the nation, in accord with which the ethnolinguistic nation-states of Italy and Germany were founded. In the Central European view, a "proper" nation is none other than the speech community of a single language. The Atlas aspires to help users make the intellectual leap of perceiving languages as products of human history and part of culture. Like states, nations, universities, towns, associations, art, beauty, religions, injustice, or atheism—languages are artefacts invented and shaped by individuals and their groups

One of the most salient issues in Caribbean studies is the region's linguistic and cultural fragmentation as a result of European colonization. More than five centuries later, the islands and American countries whose shores touch the Caribbean Sea still echo such maladies. The title of this book is a call towards unity, a unity that, in the words of Barbadian poet, historian and critic Kamau Brathwaite, "is submarine." In the past, nations' borders were established based on the distance a cannon ball was able to cover when fired from land out to sea. It is time to go beyond the cannon ball distances out into uncharted territories, beyond the canon, and, thus, beyond the cannon's range. This book features a selection of essays presented at the fifth annual Caribbean Without Borders conference at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras. It critically delves into the fields of linguistics, history, literature, philosophy, politics, feminism, cultural studies, music, film, and art, among many others, as a means to re-visit, re-view, re-envision, re-read, re-interpret, and thus re-create a Caribbean aesthetics that looks to submarine unity, a unity that defies spatial, temporal, and social borders. The book conveys the limitless nature of the Caribbean and its rich culture, making it an appealing transdisciplinary source for a multidisciplinary academic audience

Political boundaries have been shown to have a major influence on both language use and language perception. The present work analyzes for the Bavarian language area, which spans Germany, Austria and Italy, how speakers / listeners structure it spatially (horizontal-areal) and with regard to its behavioral spectrum (vertical-social). The perceptions of linguistic and extra-linguistic features and attitudes to them are examined more closely. With the help of a pluridimensional survey setting, consisting of an in-depth interview, online questionnaire, mental map survey and listener judgment test, it can be shown that extralinguistic barriers, such as political borders, correlate strongly with attitudinal-perceptual borders. In the consciousness of the respondents, the state border between Germany and Austria also represents a language border.

This book provides an overview of approaches to language and culture, and it outlines the broad interdisciplinary field of anthropological linguistics and linguistic anthropology. It identifies current and future directions of research, including language socialization, language reclamation, speech styles and genres, language ideology, verbal taboo, social indexicality, emotion, time, and many more. Furthermore, it offers areal perspectives on the study of language in cultural contexts (namely Africa, the Americas, Australia and Oceania, Mainland Southeast Asia, and Europe), and it lays the foundation for future developments within the field. In this way, the book bridges the disciplines of cultural anthropology and linguistics and paves the way for the new book series Anthropological Linguistics

In this scientific work will be followed and evaluated the contribution of albanologists and foreign Balkanology scholars who study the dialect of the Arbanasi of Zadar - this small portion of dialect, necessarily separated from the trunk of the Albanian language in the first half of the XVIII century, but partially preserved to this day. In the light of learning and studying this linguistic matter, closely related to sociolinguistic, educational, historical, political factors, etc., it is important to see the first attempts and achievements of these linguistic traces, which belong to three foreign linguists: Slovenian professor Franz Miklosich, German professor Gustav Weigand and Italian professor Carlo Tagliavini. In this study, however, will be treated some modest but precious efforts of these three scholars who contributed for the isoglosses of the dialectal area of the Arbanasi of Zadar, which this means they contributed for the Albanian language at a time when the first chapters of the Albanian language studies and its importance within the Balkan and comparative linguistics had just been drawn up and aligned. The works of the aforementioned linguists, published in foreign languages, such as German and Italian, besides their considerable scientific weight, they also had historical echoes since the marked an affirmation for the Albanian language and Albanians even in international relations.

The papers presents the situation of the Kassala-Gedaref States and analyzes their political, economical and ethnic composition. It raises the need for areal studies in the Sudan

The papers presents the situation of the Kassala-Gedaref States and analyzes their political, economical and ethnic composition. It raises the need for areal studies in the Sudan

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Foreword -- 1. "I will kill you today" – Reading "bad language" and swearing through Otherness, mimesis, abjection and camp -- 2. Ten issues facing taboo word scholars -- 3. "Damn your eyes!" (Not really): Imperative imprecatives, and curses as commands -- 4. "Oh, bald father!": Kinship and swearing among Datooga of Tanzania -- 5. Aesthetics of the obscure: Swearing as horrible play -- 6. "I sh.t in your mouth": Areal invectives in the Lower Volta Basin (West Africa) -- 7. The linguistics of Jamaican swearing: Forms, background and adaptations -- 8. 'Don't say it in public': Contestations and negotiations in northern Nigerian Muslim cyberspace -- 9. Mock Chinese in Kinshasa: On Lingala speakers' offensive language use and verbal hostility -- 10. The name of the wild man: Colonial arbiru in East Timor -- 11. Found and lost paradise: Bad language at a beach in Diani, Kenya -- 12. The sexy banana – artifacts of gendered language in tourism -- 13. English- and Spanish-speaking teenagers' use of rude vocatives -- 14. "He shall not be buried in the West" – Cursing in Ancient Egypt -- Afterword -- Index

Abstract
The high-altitude Hindu Kush–Karakoram region is home to more than 50 language communities, belonging to six phylogenies. The significance of this region as a linguistic area has been discussed in the past, but the tendency has been to focus on individual features and phenomena, and more seldom have there been attempts at applying a higher degree of feature aggregation with tight sampling. In the present study, comparable first-hand data from as many as 59 Hindu Kush–Karakoram language varieties, was collected and analyzed. The data allowed for setting up a basic word list as well as for classifying each variety according to 80 binary structural features (phonology, lexico-semantics, grammatical categories, clause structure and word order properties). While a comparison of the basic lexicon across the varieties lines up very closely with the established phylogenetic classification, structural similarity clustering gives results clearly related to geographical proximity within the region and often cuts across phylogenetic boundaries. The strongest evidence of areality tied to the region itself (vis-à-vis South Asia in general on the one hand and Central/West Asia on the other) relates to phonology and lexical structure, whereas morphosyntactic properties mostly place the region's languages within a larger areal or macro-areal distribution. The overall structural analysis also lends itself to recognizing six distinct micro-areas within the region, lining up with geo-cultural regions identified in previous ethno-historical studies. The present study interprets the domain-specific distributions as layers of areality that are each linked to a distinct historical period, and that taken together paint a picture of a region developing from high phylogenetic diversity, through massive Indo-Aryan penetration and language shifts, to today's dramatically shrinking diversity and structural stream-lining propelled by the dominance of a few lingua francas.

Abstract
The article presents a semantic analysis of five local suffixes in the Indo-Aryan language Kalasha (north-west Pakistan): the three locative suffixes -a, -una and -ai and the two ablative suffixes -ani and -aw. It is shown that these suffixes have both spatial and non-spatial functions. In their basic semantics, the five local suffixes differentiate between point-like location, location on a surface and location in a container. In their non-spatial functions they encode in a systematic way differences with respect to dispersion, visibility and referentiality. It is argued that the five local suffixes constitute a closed-set inflectional case paradigm. As a supplementing areal-typological perspective, non-spatial semantics of case markers in neighbouring Hindu Kush languages is included in the analysis.

Abstract
Great Andamanese constitutes alongside Ongan one of the two indigenous language families of the Andaman Islands. The phonological typology of the Great Andamanese languages includes a number of features of areal interest, including retroflex consonants (characteristic of South Asia) and lack of phonemic fricatives (reconstructed for Proto-Dravidian). Its morphosyntactic typology has some unremarkable features from a global typological perspective, such as verb-final clause order combined with postpositions and possessor-before-possessed but with postnominal attributive adjectives, alongside highly unusual features such as: somatic prefixes; several series of personal pronouns whose choice depends not only on grammatical relation/semantic role but also, for instance, on clause type; negation of a verbal clause by expressing it as the non-finite subject of a negative copular clause; and root ellipsis.

Abstract
This paper offers a diachronic and a contact-based analysis of existential, locative, possessive, and copulative constructions in Malabar Indo-Portuguese creole (MIP). The existential, locative, and possessive predicates are all expressed with the copulative verb tæ, and nominal and property-denoting predicates can either have the copula tæ or zero copula. I analyze these copulative constructions by establishing their sources in the Portuguese lexifier and Malayalam substrate/adstrate. I show that although the Portuguese verbs ter 'have' and estar 'be' have paved the way to the semantics of tæ, Malayalam had a strong impact on the morphosyntax and semantics of existential, locative, possessive, and copulative constructions in MIP. This influence is most notable in the case of possessives, which take dative subjects. These findings are compared to the relevant structures in other South Asian languages and show that the existence of locative possession is a strong areal feature of South Asia. I also show that the variability of copula usage in nominal and property-denoting predicates can be explained by variable input from Portuguese and Malayalam copulative constructions. One of the most salient features influenced by Malayalam is the choice of what are etymologically Portuguese nouns instead of adjectives in property-denoting predicates.