Suchergebnisse

Die mit dem Niedergang der kommunistischen Systeme in Osteuropa verbundenen sicherheitspolitischen Herausforderungen - organisiertes Verbrechen, ethno-nationale Konflikte, militanter religiöser Fundamentalismus, Korruption und Gewalt - sind ein Produkt der Wirtschaftsreformen, der Demokratisierung und der Herausbildung unabhängiger Staaten auf dem Territorium der früheren UdSSR. Diese sicherheitspolitischen Risiken gefährden nunmehr eben diejenigen Entwicklungen, die ihr Entstehen überhaupt erst ermöglicht haben: Sie unterminieren die nationale Souveränität, die wirtschaftliche Liberalisierung und das Entstehen demokratischer Institutionen und Werte in diesen Ländern. (BIOst-Mrk)

This paper discusses the history and operation of the tegong (special supplies) system for foodstuffs operated by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The system has been in existence since the Yan'an period and is still being practiced today. It was originally introduced to deal with China's shortage economy during the era of Mao Zedong. Nowadays, the issue of food safety has made China a risk society, making it necessary for the CCP to provide its privileged class with food that is safe for consumption. We distinguish two categories of food supplies in terms of their operation: dedicated supplies for special needs and routine tegong. In addition, we believe that an alliance relationship between the government and food enterprises has emerged within the tegong system, with government officials and businesses colluding to their mutual benefit and profit. The paper concludes that the continuation of the tegong system signifies the persistence of a high degree of social inequality in modern-day China.

Aus taiwanesischer Sicht

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- INTRODUCTION -- The Chinese Nomenklatura System -- Introduction to the Documents -- PART I -- SECTION A: THE PROCESS OF CADRE MANAGEMENT, 1980-1982 -- 1 Notice on the Repromulgation of the Job Title List of Cadres Managed by the Party Central Committee -- Appendix: Job Title List of Cadres Managed by the Central Committee (Excerpts) -- 2 Notice on Several Specific Questions Regarding the Implementation of the "Job Title List of Cadres Managed by the Party Central Committee -- Appendix: Cadre Appointment/Removal Report Form -- 3 Supplementary Notice on Specific Questions Regarding Appointment and Removal of Cadres Managed by the Central Committee -- 4 Notice on the Revision of and Supplement to Several Regulations on the Appointment and Removal of Cadre's Managed by the Central Committee -- SECTION B: RESPONSIBILITIES OF CENTRAL COMMITTEE DEPARTMENTS, 1980-1984 -- 5 Notice on the Central Committee Propaganda Department's Shared Management of Cadres -- 6 Notice on the Work of Managing Leading Cadres of Institutes of Higher Learning -- 7 Notice on Matters Relating to the Joint Management of Education System Cadres by the Central Committee Propaganda Department -- 8 Document of the Central Committee Organization Department and the Central Committee United Front Work Department -- Appendix: Request for Instruction on the Shared Management of Cadres by the Central Committee United Front Work Department -- Appendix: Job Title List of Cadres Managed by the Central Committee's United Front Work Department -- 9 Notice on Several Specific Questions on the Central Committee United Front Work Department's Shared Management of Cadres -- SECTION C: THE DECENTRALIZATION OF THE NOMENKLATURA SYSTEM, 1983-1984.