Suchergebnisse

Selon une vulgate qui ne cesse de s'épandre, le temps réel et les médias électroniques remettraient en cause l'idée même d'auteur. L'œuvre n'existerait plus puisqu'elle serait sans cesse soumise aux désirs, aux gestes ou à l'action du spectateur. Pour tester la validité d'une telle assertion, cet article questionne les concepts d'auteur, de spectateur et d'œuvre appliqués aux médias audiovisuels et montre comment ces concepts ont considérablement varié durant le XX e siècle. On s'attache à montrer comment du spectateur de cinéma au téléspectateur, puis du téléspectateur à l'utilisateur du numérique, et notamment du CD-ROM, l'auteur et le spectateur changent de statut : le rôle de l'auteur « autographique » (selon le terme de N. Goodman) se réduit au cours de l'histoire du cinéma, la textualité se délite avec le direct télévisuel et l'utilisateur du numérique abandonne la nécessité textuelle pour se livrer au plaisir de « l'extravagation » (Montaigne). Dès lors, ce sont moins les relations de l'auteur au spectateur qui changent que les partenaires de la médiation : cinéaste, monde puis soi-même.

Spinner-Halev reviews 'The Clash within Civilizations: Coming to Terms with Cultural Conflicts' Deiter Senghaas.

This edited volume provides a heuristic analysis of the challenges facing regulators and media institutions. It explores the nature of the laws and regulations straining under the new technological realities, considers the changes already made to accommodate the new media landscape, and examines new directions and approaches to the regulation of convergent media technologies and media institutions.--[book cover]

This paper applies the statistical concepts of σ-convergence and unconditional β-convergence to institutional development within several country groups hierarchized to the degree of European integration (e.g., euro area). Two sets of indicators are employed to measure institutional development: first, the Worldwide Governance Indicators, and second, the product market regulation indicator of the OECD and the Doing Business distance to frontier indicator of the World Bank. The authors can clearly confirm institutional β-convergence within the EU and its aspirants, which is mainly driven by the new Member States and acceding, candidate, and potential candidate countries. However, euro-area countries converge only in the area of product market and business regulation-not in the area of governance. In fact, the authors show evidence for β-divergence in rule of law within the first twelve euro-area members. Concerning σ-convergence, the results are less clear. Only the EU including the EU-aspirants reduced the cross-country variance in all aspects of institutional development.

This paper applies the statistical concepts of σ-convergence and unconditional β-convergence to institutional development within several country groups hierarchized to the degree of European integration (e.g., euro area). Two sets of indicators are employed to measure institutional development: first, the Worldwide Governance Indicators, and second, the product market regulation indicator of the OECD and the Doing Business distance to frontier indicator of the World Bank. The authors can clearly confirm institutional β-convergence within the EU and its aspirants, which is mainly driven by the new Member States and acceding, candidate, and potential candidate countries. However, euro-area countries converge only in the area of product market and business regulation- not in the area of governance. In fact, the authors show evidence for β-divergence in rule of law within the first twelve euro-area members. Concerning σ-convergence, the results are less clear. Only the EU including the EU aspirants reduced the cross-country variance in all aspects of institutional development.