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A research paper on Crop Monitoring & Early Warning Crop Signals in Tanzania. ; The problem of food security in SADCC has been discussed at length in many seminars and workshops. Tanzania bcncfiUed from recommendations of the World Food Council (WFC) in the early 1970s and from those of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in the mid-1970s. The recommendations led to the formulation of the country's food strategy, i.e., the establishment of a Crop Monitoring and Early Warning System (CMEWS) and the institution of the Government's Strategic Grain Reserve (SGR) for bad times. Both are of prime importance in planning for food security. ; USAID (Southern Africa Regional Programme.).

Destructive shaking movements triggered by earthquakes can cause significant losses such as human sacrifice, house damage and property loss. Sichuan earthquake of 2008, happened in southwestern China, caused over 69,000 death and 374,176 injured[1]. It is not just the earthquake itself that is deadly, the subsequent debris flows and plagues deprived more lives. For instance, outbreaks of the Plague of Justinian occur months or even up to a year after high-magnitude earthquakes. Large earthquakes initiate chains of surface and underground processes that last much longer than the brief moments of strong shaking [2]. Earthquake induced geohazards, including landslides in mountainous regions, floods from temporary lakes, plague after major rainfalls, remain a significant threat[2]. Even extreme geohazard like volcanic eruption can be triggered by earthquakes. An apparent question is raised: 'what if we can predict shaking with previous seconds of warning once an earthquake rupture begins?'. Earthquake early warning (EEW) system shows us the answer, using seismic knowledge and the technology of monitoring systems to alert devices when shaking waves generated by an earthquake appeared (USGS, 2012). Accurate prediction of earthquake can give people more time to prepare for shaking and the geohazard events it triggers. Governments should provide more resources to EEW to reduce earthquake damage to people and property, especially in poor countries where the education about disaster prevention is immature.

Plant closings can be prevented if workers build coalitions, research companies, and develop alternatives.

In fall 1994 a group of social scientists from different parts in the world met in Switzerland. The Swiss Academy for Development (SAD) organized a symposium to discuss problems of contemporary developmental policy and research. The meeting focussed on the upcoming World Summit of Social Development in Copenhagen in 1995 and so the participants intended to present themes of international interest that would be introduced to a greater audience. The important contributions and propositions of this symposium are found in this publication.

Abstract. Fostered by and embedded in the general development of information and communications technology (ICT), the evolution of tsunami warning systems (TWS) shows a significant development from seismic-centred to multi-sensor system architectures using additional sensors (e.g. tide gauges and buoys) for the detection of tsunami waves in the ocean. Currently, the beginning implementation of regional tsunami warning infrastructures indicates a new phase in the development of TWS. A new generation of TWS should not only be able to realise multi-sensor monitoring for tsunami detection. Moreover, these systems have to be capable to form a collaborative communication infrastructure of distributed tsunami warning systems in order to implement regional, ocean-wide monitoring and warning strategies. In the context of the development of the German Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS) and in the EU-funded FP6 project Distant Early Warning System (DEWS), a service platform for both sensor integration and warning dissemination has been newly developed and demonstrated. In particular, standards of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) have been successfully incorporated. In the FP7 project Collaborative, Complex and Critical Decision-Support in Evolving Crises (TRIDEC), new developments in ICT (e.g. complex event processing (CEP) and event-driven architecture (EDA)) are used to extend the existing platform to realise a component-based technology framework for building distributed tsunami warning systems.