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The article carries out a detailed study of the principles, elements and operation of the Peruvian electoral system. This is based on an analysis of the development of the notion of political representation, from its birth in Greek antiquity, to its contemporary development. This is put, then, in relation to the electoral system and the voting forms and rules.Political representation - Peruvian electoral system - vote ; El artículo realiza un estudio detallado de los presupuestos, elementos y funcionamiento del sistema electoral peruano. Para ello se parte de un análisis sobre el desarrollo de la noción de representación política, desde su nacimiento en la Antigüedad griega, hasta su desarrollo contemporáneo. Ello se pone, luego, en relación con el sistema electoral y las formas y reglas de votación.Representación política - sistema electoral peruano - votación

Electoral systems are commonly treated as exogenous determinants of political party systems, yet our theoretical understanding remains limited as to how these institutions themselves are determined. Part of the problem lies with the subject matter itself: electoral system change is frequently idiosyncratic, often occurring during episodes of exceptional political change. Yet another aspect of the problem is that explanations of electoral system change frequently occur piecemeal in application to specific cases, without systematic or comparative development. Addressing both problems, I first survey the existing literature to develop a comprehensive typology of explanations of electoral system change & persistence. I then set forth a theory predicting the conditions under which electoral systems should change, linking motivations for institutional change to instrumentally rational political parties seeking to maximize their legislative seat shares. The theory predicts that electoral laws will change when a coalition of parties exists such that each party in the coalition expects to gain more seats under an alternative electoral institution, & that also has sufficient power to effect this alternative through fiat given the rules for changing electoral laws. To contrast this model to other explanations of electoral system change, I point to its observable implications & outline how it could be confirmed or disconfirmed in empirical research. The comparison also highlights limitations in other approaches to explaining electoral system change, & underscores the importance of institutions in inducing equilibriums in both electoral systems & party systems. 1 Figure, 55 References. [Copyright 2003 Elsevier Ltd.]