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This study examines the Russian fiscal sustainability under two possible socio-economic scenarios. It contains the calculations for the current fiscal strategy in the medium and long run under conditions of additional fiscal risks. The size of necessary fiscal consolidation under the current fiscal strategy is calculated, and the alternative strategy based on the "bird-in-the-hand" rule is investigated.

AbstractThis paper estimates a model of fiscal response to analyse the impact of aid on government consumption and investment, tax revenue and public borrowing in Nicaragua in 1966–2004. This country is an interesting case study since aid flows—i.e. grants and aid loans—averaged more than 8 per cent of GDP during the analysed period. Results for direct (structural) effects indicate that the impact of aid on government consumption are more significant than those on government investment, revealing a higher propensity to consume than to invest aid flows, presumably reflecting donors and government priorities to finance social spending. Results also show that aid crowds‐out both tax revenue and public borrowing. Estimates for total (reduced‐form) effects are hard to interpret, in some cases showing the opposite sign than expected or implausible magnitudes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The recent scholarship has made distinction between two generations of literature in fiscal federalism. The study has critically analysed the first generation theory and second generation theory of fiscal federalism. Though the latter approaches the problem of fiscal federalism from different perspectives, it does not challenge but complements the former. The paper argues that the second generation theory is an ongoing effort to build a theory in response to fiscal challenges facing a number of countries. In brief, it is aimed at explaining present-day institutional arrangements which can no longer be adequately explained by employing the first generation theory.

Since the fiscal expansion during the Great Recession 2008-2009 and the current European consolidation and austerity measures, the analysis of fiscal multiplier effects is back on the scientific agenda. The number of empirical studies is growing fast, tackling the issue with manifold model classes, identification strategies, and specifications. While plurality of methods seems to be a good idea to address a complicated issue, the results are far off consensus. We apply meta regression analysis to a set of 89 studies on multiplier effects in order to provide a systematic overview of the different approaches, to derive stylized facts and to separate structural from method-specific effects. We classify studies with respect to type of fiscal impulse, model class, multiplier calculation method and further control variables. Moreover, we analyse subsamples of the model classes in order to evaluate the effects of model-class-specific properties, currently discussed in the literature, such as the influence of central bank reaction functions and liquidity constrained households. As a major result, we find that the reported size of the fiscal multiplier crucially depends on the setting and method chosen. Thus, economic policy consulting based on a certain multiplier study should lay open by how much specification affects the results. Our meta analysis may provide guidance concerning influential factors.

The authors examine the dynamics of regional budgets performance key indicators, including analysis of "May decrees" implementation effects. Interregional differentiation of budget deficit levels is regarded in details. The article contains estimation of the impact of various factors on regional budget performance, and the analysis of the relationship between budget balance and budget debt.