Search results

PART I: 1. Introduction -- 2. U.S. Mortality in an International Context -- 3. U.S. Trends in All-Cause Mortality Among Working-Age Adults -- 4. U.S. Trends in Cause-Specific Mortality Among Working-Age Adults -- 5. U.S. Mortality Data: Data Quality, Methodology, and Recommendation -- PART II: 6. A Framework for Developing Explanations of Working-Age Mortality Trends -- 7. Opioids, Other Drugs, and Alcohol -- 8. Suicide -- 9. Cardiometabolic Diseases -- 10. The Relationship Between Economic Factors and Mortality -- PART III: 11. Implications for Policy and Research -- References -- Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables -- Appendix B: Meeting Agendas -- Appendix C: Biographical Sketches.

Systematic data on annual infant mortality rates are of use to a variety of social science research programs in demography, economics, sociology, and political science. Infant mortality rates may be used both as a proxy measure for economic development, in lieu of energy consumption or GDP-per-capita measures, and as an indicator of the extent to which governments provide for the economic and social welfare of their citizens. Until recently, data were available for only a limited number of countries based on regional or country-level studies and time periods for years after 1950. Here, the authors introduce a new dataset reporting annual infant mortality rates for all states in the world, based on the Correlates of War state system list, between 1816 and 2002. They discuss past research programs using infant mortality rates in conflict studies and describe the dataset by exploring its geographic and temporal coverage. Next, they explain some of the limitations of the dataset as well as issues associated with the data themselves. Finally, they suggest some research areas that might benefit from the use of this dataset. This new dataset is the most comprehensive source on infant mortality rates currently available to social science researchers.

In contrast to the traditional approach that uses total mortality rates, we want to gain additional insight into the past development of mortality by concentrating on a more detailed breakdown of mortality data, namely by causes of death. We work with the data from five developed countries (USA, Japan, France, England and Wales, and Australia), two sexes, and split the mortality rates into five main groups of causes of death (Infectious&Parasitic, Cancer, Circulatory diseases, Respiratory diseases, and External causes). As it was shown in Arnold and Sherris (2016), these time series of cause-specific mortality rates are cointegrated and so, there exist long-run equilibrium relationships between them. While the previous research focused on the stationary part of the system of cause-specific mortality rates, in the present paper we study its non-stationary part. For this we explicitly extract common stochastic trends from the original variables and compare them across the different datasets. By testing cointegration assumptions about these trends, we are able to get a better representation and understanding of how cause-specific death rates are evolving. We believe that common patterns emerging from such analysis could indicate a link to more fundamental biological processes such as aging.

The purpose of this paper is to provide information about mortality rate in patients undergoing primary angioplasty for STEMI. Cardiovascular diseases lead to one third of the deaths worldwide, surpassing the mortality rate produced by neoplasia, acute respiratory failure and diabetes mellitus all together. In the world, approximately 17 million die annually because of cardiovascular disease and every 5 seconds one is suffering from a myocardial infarction. In 2010, in our country was implemented a national program (RO-STEMI) to offer rapid interventional treatment for patients with STEMI, aligned to ESC Guidelines. At the beginning only small parts of the patients were transferred to the hospital in charge for STEMI, so, we chose to study patients from the second year of the program and from last year. We made a retrospective study, including patients with STEMI that reached our hospital for primary angioplasty in the first 12h after the debut of the symptoms, aiming to make a parallel between the in-hospital mortality rates at maximum one month after the primary PCI. In order to be included, the patients must present ST elevation and another 1 out of 3 criteria (clinical, echocardiographic and biological changes suggestive for myocardial infarction). The main target was to evaluate the evolution of early mortality rates post primary PCI after the changes in the ESC Guidelines and the progresses in the medical field. A secondary target was to correlate mortality rates with the presence of comorbidities or risk factors.

SummaryThis study examines by multiple regression analysis the factors influencing district variation in infant mortality rate in Sri Lanka in a given year (1971). It shows that 83% of the district variation is explained by differences in the proportion of the population that is Indian Tamil, the proportion of female employees, and the proportion of females aged 15–19 with at least 5 years of education.

SummaryAge-specific mortality rates have been used to illustrate certain aspects of the characteristics of old age. A consideration of the experience of the ageing person in his fifties and early sixties suggests that during this period he comes to recognize death as being an increasingly common characteristic of his age group. Thus the standard procedure for studying old age problems in a sample of people over the age of 65 may miss the period of life when people are making the crucial adjustments to old age and may give a distorted view of some gerontological problems. Certain demographic aspects of old age are considered in detail with regard to the occurrence of, first, widowhood and, second, social isolation.

This paper studies the evolution of infant mortality rates in Spanish regions. Our results allow us to reject the null hypothesis of convergence, but we find the presence of several convergence clubs, which implies the existence of different patterns of behavior. We also find some degree of connection between the Great Recession and the evolution of infant mortality rates. The popula-tion density, the evolution of the labor market and the percentage of the female population that admits to having drunk alcoholic beverages in the previous two weeks are the factors that help us to explain the forces that drive the creation of the clubs.