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International audience ; The ambiguities that characterize the economic significance and impact of corruption make it necessary to develop a coherent and more satisfactory analytical framework. We argue that the institutional structure that governs the interactions between players and, more particularly, public and private actors is a decisive factor of corrupt practices and largely influences the nature of corruption. On this basis, we propose a taxonomy of the different corruption patterns as a function of two institutional parameters, namely the structural features of the interest intermediation systems and the degree of institutional stability.

International audience ; The ambiguities that characterize the economic significance and impact of corruption make it necessary to develop a coherent and more satisfactory analytical framework. We argue that the institutional structure that governs the interactions between players and, more particularly, public and private actors is a decisive factor of corrupt practices and largely influences the nature of corruption. On this basis, we propose a taxonomy of the different corruption patterns as a function of two institutional parameters, namely the structural features of the interest intermediation systems and the degree of institutional stability.

International audience ; The ambiguities that characterize the economic significance and impact of corruption make it necessary to develop a coherent and more satisfactory analytical framework. We argue that the institutional structure that governs the interactions between players and, more particularly, public and private actors is a decisive factor of corrupt practices and largely influences the nature of corruption. On this basis, we propose a taxonomy of the different corruption patterns as a function of two institutional parameters, namely the structural features of the interest intermediation systems and the degree of institutional stability.

Breast- Feeding Patterns is the title of a 1982 publication by the WHO/EMRO, prepared by Dr. J.K. Harfouche, M.D., Professor Emeritus of Maternal and Child Health at the American University of Beirut.

The history of irrigation in Tex is traced for the last 400 yrs & the general patterns are outlined in 2 tables & 2 maps. The major irrigated regions are: the high plains region; the coastal plain rice area; the lower Rio Grande Valley; upper & middle Rio Grande Valley; Pecos Valley region; & Winter Garden area. Problems in irrigation are examined & future patterns are reviewed re each individual area. It is concluded that, if future events are to be predicted upon the basis of present & past experiences, the prospect for a continuing expansion of irrigation is hardly encouraging. There is reason to believe that the water resources cannot indefinitely sustain the present rate of use in the present areas of intensive irrigated production. New sources of water are necessary as well as new techniques for using it. Only a limited number of the shortages could be relieved by the construction of new reservoirs. Technical & cost factors indicate that the state cannot rely safely on the prospect of irrigating with processed sea water or with water from any other completely undeveloped source. Instead, Tex must base her plans upon the reality that her water resources are limited & subject to deterioration or depletion. M. Maxfield.

People interpret and categorize visual cues not only to create a concept of an identity. We assume who a person is, and what their personality is like, based on these visual cues that are in turn plagued with established norms and biases that can connect or divide. Cultural norms, such as gender, sexuality, race, or political standing can be further expressed visually through textile patterns, motifs, and color. Even so, the many cultural signifiers serve only as clues to a person's identity that encompasses many different cultural aspects, despite common practice to relate to only one. Through my textile statues, which mix different patterns, colors and motifs found in fabrics, I convey the multicultural nature all people share. In this paper I explain my concepts of textiles as representing identity as being multicultural, creation of the textile statues, artistic influences, and a reflection on the final thesis exhibit.

The title of this paper suggests at least two possible points of departure. First, one can argue that spatial patterns are themselves an important feature in the study of social life which deserves our attention: that there is a significant geographical dimension to social interaction. Secondly, the title also implies that various social groups interact differentially with one another: that interaction is itself a proper focus for social investigation. Both points will be developed in the present paper with respect to ethnic minorities in Britain and the United States.

This paper discusses the ways in which argumentative discourse prototypically manifests itself. As a consequence of the institutional preconditions applying to the strategic manoeuvring taking place in specific communicative activity types, certain context-dependent argumentative patterns of standpoints, argument schemes and argumentation structures can be observed. Because of their interest in the extent to which argumentative discourse is context-dependent, pragma-dialecticians are out to discover such specific patterns. As a case in point, the authors discuss some institutionally motivated argumentative patterns in parliamentary debate in the European Parliament.

How do people perceive and communicate structure? We investigate this question by letting participants play a communication game, where one player describes a pattern, and another player redraws it based on the description alone. We use this paradigm to compare two models of pattern description, one compositional (complex structures built out of simpler ones) and one noncompositional. We find that compositional patterns are communicated more effectively than noncompositional patterns, that a compositional model of pattern description predicts which patterns are harder to describe, and that this model can be used to evaluate participants' drawings, producing humanlike quality ratings. Our results suggest that natural language can tap into a compositionally structured pattern description language.

Ausgehend von einem Überblick über das Ausmaß der Armut in den wirtschaftlich rückständigen ländlichen Gebieten Westchinas und der ökonomischen Disparität zwischen Westchina und den ostchinesischen Küstenprovinzen beschäftigt sich der Beitrag mit der innerchinesischen Debatte über die Schaffung einer neuen nationalen Wirtschaftsordnung und die Rolle Westchinas in der Volkswirtschaft der VR China. Skizziert werden zwei alternative Strategien für die Regionalentwicklung. Während die eine Konzeption die Realisierung einer echten Waren-/Marktwirtschaft als Voraussetzung für eine Umgestaltung der Ost-West-Wirtschaftsbeziehungen in China betrachtet, plädiert die andere für die sukzessive ökonomische Entwicklung Westchinas durch investive Nutzung der staatlichen Subventionen. Abschließend wird darauf verwiesen, daß gegenwärtig das primäre Ziel der chinesischen Führung jedoch in der Ausübung einer strikten politischen und ideologischen Kontrolle über die in Westchina lebenden nationalen Minderheiten besteht. (BIOst-klk)