Suchergebnisse

Geothermal is one of the new renewable energy, which is more environmentally friendly than the existing fossil energy and has great potential to become an alternative source of energy in the future. However, the level of social acceptance of geothermal power plants operating in forest areas has not been widely studied. This study aims to reveal the social acceptance of affected residents toward the exploration of Baturaden geothermal power plant, operating in the protection forest area of Mount Slamet. The survey was conducted online to indirectly affected residents living mostly in Banyumas urban areas, while the offline face-to-face survey was administered to the directly affected residents in Sambirata and Karang Tengah villages. A total of 286 samples were analyzed. It was found that the majority of respondents preferred not to continue the establishment of the geothermal power plant, but both rural and urban dwellers have distinctive responses and reasonings. The rural tended to have stronger rejection compared to the urban residents. The acceptance of the project in both groups combined was motivated mainly by the prospect of electricity from more environmentally friendly energy sources and compliance to government policy. Those who refused tend to see from the negative impacts on the disruptions of the daily livelihood in rural areas and environmental damages. Three attitude factors significantly affect the continuation of drilling operation of GPP, namely: economic prospects of geothermal utilization in protection forests, technological optimism to migate the engative impacts, and perceived environmental concerns. To increase the social acceptance, it is suggested that policy makers and energy industry players should integrate the mitigation measures by using more proper technology within the project budget and act harmoniously to increase public awareness of the use of renewable and cleaner energy as well as pay attention to the health, welfare and culture of the local community

This research work guided by three research questions interrogated the nature of illness behaviour amongst rural dwellers in Ethiope East Local Government Area LGA of Delta state Nigeria. A cross sectional survey research design was adopted for the study with a sample size of 200 study participants selected through a combination of cluster and simple random sampling techniques. The questionnaire and in-depth interview guide IDI were the key instruments for data collection while Health Belief Model HBM served as the theoretical framework. Quantitative data generated through questionnaire were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and presented in frequency tables and simple percentages whereas manual content analysis was applied to qualitative data accumulated via interviews. On the other hand two hypotheses formulated for study were tested using chi-square test statistics X2. The study found that the naturepattern of illness behavior among rural dwellers at Ethiope East Local Government was reasonably positive characterized by prompt response and preference of hospital services when ill health occur. It was also found that the prevailing nature of illness behaviour positively stimulates demand and access to available health services in the area. A major factor affecting illness behavior of rural dwellers at Ethiope East LGA was their low income level. Other factors include proximity to health centers cost of health services and literacy level of the people of the area. The researchers recommended that cost of health services be reduced to stimulate further positive illness behavior among the people.

Religious guidance in Islam is derived primarily from the Holy Qur'ān and Sunnah. For cases not discussed in the Holy Qur'ān, Muslims refer to ijtihad and ijma, that is, they strive to find solutions for the existing problems by reinterpreting Islamic decrees while utilizing the ultimate superintendent sources (Holy Qur'ān and Sunnah) and seek consensus. The study aims to investigate the effects of Greenstar media advertisement campaign on the mindset of the rural dwellers of Pakistan through selective exposure technique. Greenstar marketing tends to educate the rural populace about population control and guides them about different birth control methods, such as contraceptive pills. The researchers carried out a survey with a sample of 200 respondents, out of which 100 were male and 100 were female. Data was collected by providing two questionnaires to take sample from different age groups developed on a five point Likert scale. The results of the study highlighted that regardless of exposure to Greenstar media advertisement, rural men still showed a rigid attitude towards using these products (p value = 0.000). On the other hand, rural women considered local midwives more knowledgeable and expert about the matter at hand (p value = 0.002) and were reluctant towards using Greenstar products that were advertised on the mainstream media due to the pressure of their husbands (p value = 0.000).

Background: China&rsquo ; s older rural-to-urban migrant workers (age 50 and above) are growing old, but comparative health research on older rural-to-urban migrants in China is still in its infancy. The aim is to explore the health status of older rural-to-urban migrant workers in China ; as well as to identify health disparity between older rural-to-urban migrant workers and older rural dwellers. Methods: This study employed self-assessed health status (SAH) and chronic disease condition to explore the health status. Coarsened exact matching (CEM) was employed to improve estimation of causal effects. Fairlie&rsquo ; s decomposition analysis was conducted to find the health disparity. Results: Older rural-to-urban migrant workers were more prone to suffer from chronic diseases, but they had higher SAH when comparing older rural dwellers. Fairlie&rsquo ; s decomposition analysis indicated 10.44% of SAH disparities between two older groups can be traced to bath facility ; 31.34% of chronic diseases disparities can be traced to educational attainment, sleeping time and medical scheme. Conclusions: This is the first comparative study examining health disparity focusing on older rural-to-urban migrant workers. Our study highlighted substantial health disparities between older rural-to-urban migrant workers and their older rural dwellers. Based on the contributing factors, government should take the drivers of health disparities into consideration in policy setting.

Under the long-term rural outflow to cities, urban migration to rural areas, especially of those not changing urban registration or staying in the countryside seasonally, is almost invisible. However, the influx of new residents affects rural areas greatly since city dwellers have rich social capital and other resources to transform the countryside. Foreign researchers suggest the term 'rural gentrification' to describe such processes. On the example of the Verkhovazhsky district of the Vologda oblast, the author shows how city dwellers participate in different spheres of the rural economic and social life or introduce new types of activities that could be characterized as sprouts of rural modernization if not for their close connection with the traditional rural life. The paper is based on the field studies conducted from 2019 to 2023, combining in-depth and expert interviews with participant observation. In the villages of the Vaga valley, there are guest houses, a center for wood-fired ceramics, a base for restorers of wooden architecture and other facilities created by city dwellers. At the same time, former city residents work in the rural social infrastructure - schools, cultural centers, shops, administrations, offering rural residents new, urban practices (public lectures, book crossing, separate waste collection, second-hand stores). On the one hand, former city residents contribute to changes in certain aspects of rural life; on the other hand, they adopt elements of rural lifestyle, which is manifested in clothing, everyday practices, and way of thinking.

In this article the empirical data about the usage of e-services by rural dwellers and small and medium enterprisesare presented. The survey was carried out all over Lithuania with the purpose to analyze the peculiaritieshow small and medium enterprises (SME) and rural dwellers use e-services and to distinguish a demand fore-services in rural Lithuanian regions. The results show that the use of e-services among SMEs is determinedby the general demand of communication with concrete state institutions. Citizens usually use public services intraditional ways; electronic means are used very rarely. However, making comparison between citizens whouse public e-services at least once with those who use e-services constantly, it was noticed that e-services arequite popular, especially talking about such services as e-services of involvement in higher education, public libraries,employment agencies, e-government, post, city public transport and public information announcement.

AbstractThis article applies the concept of "naive monarchism" (i.e., the traditional peasant expressions of reverence for the tsar as their benefactor) to study contemporary rural politics in authoritarian Russia. While Russia is not a monarchy, and its rural dwellers are not traditional illiterate peasants, the veneration of its leader manifests itself in many rural grievances. I analyze three types of rural politics that have traits of naive monarchism: written petitions to the president, rural pickets and delegations to the Kremlin, and geographical renaming in honor of Vladimir Putin. Grievances, voiced in this way, are rarely subjects of repression from above, as they reinforce presidential authority and the existing order. This raises the question of whether rural dwellers faithfully believe in a benevolent president or intentionally exploit their subordinate position and Putin's image as the present‐day tsar. Whether sincere or strategic, these rural politics aim to enforce the existing state commitments. Although they are unable to challenge the status quo, they provide rural dwellers with a means to remedy occasional local injustices.

Background: China's older rural-to-urban migrant workers (age 50 and above) are growing old, but comparative health research on older rural-to-urban migrants in China is still in its infancy. The aim is to explore the health status of older rural-to-urban migrant workers in China; as well as to identify health disparity between older rural-to-urban migrant workers and older rural dwellers. Methods: This study employed self-assessed health status (SAH) and chronic disease condition to explore the health status. Coarsened exact matching (CEM) was employed to improve estimation of causal effects. Fairlie's decomposition analysis was conducted to find the health disparity. Results: Older rural-to-urban migrant workers were more prone to suffer from chronic diseases, but they had higher SAH when comparing older rural dwellers. Fairlie's decomposition analysis indicated 10.44% of SAH disparities between two older groups can be traced to bath facility; 31.34% of chronic diseases disparities can be traced to educational attainment, sleeping time and medical scheme. Conclusions: This is the first comparative study examining health disparity focusing on older rural-to-urban migrant workers. Our study highlighted substantial health disparities between older rural-to-urban migrant workers and their older rural dwellers. Based on the contributing factors, government should take the drivers of health disparities into consideration in policy setting.

Ziel: In der Untersuchung ergründete man das Bewusstsein der durch das Ebola-Virus ausgelösten Erkrankung (EVD) sowie der Einstellung der Dorfeinwohner in Nigeria zur entsprechenden Informationssuche. Forschungsmethode: Im Beitrag nutzte man die Umfrage in Form einer beschreibenden Untersuchung, und die untersuchte Gruppe bildeten die erwachsenen Dorfeinwohner (18 Jahre und mehr), die sechs Gemeinschaften (Peretoru, Ekeremor, Obrigbene, Enougbene, Amabulou und Aya-ama) im Bundesstaat Bayelsa in Nigeria angehörten. Die Angaben kommen von 600 Befragten, die aus sechs Gemeinden frei ausgewählt wurden, und wurden nachher anhand der Anzahl der Häufigkeiten und Prozentsätze analysiert. Die Ergebnisse werden in den Diagrammen dargestellt. Ergebnisse: Die Untersuchung bewies, dass die Dorfeinwohner ein niedriges Bewusstsein der EVD haben, und viele der ortsansässigen Einwohner sich keine Mühe geben, die Informationen über die EVD auszusuchen, weil sie daran nicht glauben. Schlussfolgerung: Im Resultat wies die Untersuchung auf das Bedürfnis hin, die Strukturen, die das Engagement der Gemeinschaften besonders in den Epidemie-Zeiten fördern, bundesweit zu unterstützen. ; Aim: The study investigated the awareness of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) and information seeking behaviour of rural dwellers in Nigeria. Methods: The survey type of the descriptive research design was used in conducting the study and the study group comprised adult rural dwellers (18 years and above) residing in six communities (Peretoru, Ekeremor, Obrigbene, Enougbene, Amabulou, and Aya-ama) in Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Data were collected from 600 respondents who were randomly selected from the six communities. The data from the study were then analysed using frequency count and percentages. The results were presented in charts (and graphs). Results: The study revealed that rural dwellers possess low awareness of EVD and many of them do not bother to seek EVD information because they do not believe it exists. Conclusion: Consequently, the study noted the need for the federal government to enhance structures that promote community engagements, especially at the time of the epidemic. ; Cel: W badaniu zbadano świadomość choroby wywołanej wirusem Ebola (EVD) oraz podejście w poszukiwaniu informacji wśród mieszkańców wsi w Nigerii. Metody badawcze: W badaniu wykorzystano ankietę o charakterze badania opisowego, a badaną grupą byli dorośli mieszkańcy wsi (18 lat i więcej) zamieszkujący sześć społeczności (Peretoru, Ekeremor, Obrigbene, Enougbene, Amabulou i Aya-ama) w stanie Bayelsa w Nigerii. Dane zebrano od 600 respondentów, którzy zostali losowo wybrani z sześciu społeczności. Dane z badania zostały następnie przeanalizowane przy użyciu liczby częstotliwości i wartości procentowych. Wyniki przedstawiono na wykresach. Wyniki: Badanie ujawniło, że mieszkańcy wsi mają niską świadomość na temat EVD, a wielu rdzennych mieszkańców nie zadaje sobie trudu szukania informacji o EVD, ponieważ nie wierzą, że to istnieje. Wnioski: W konsekwencji badanie zwróciło uwagę na potrzebę wzmocnienia przez rząd federalny struktur promujących zaangażowanie społeczności, zwłaszcza w czasie epidemii.

Ziel: In der Untersuchung ergründete man das Bewusstsein der durch das Ebola-Virus ausgelösten Erkrankung (EVD) sowie der Einstellung der Dorfeinwohner in Nigeria zur entsprechenden Informationssuche. Forschungsmethode: Im Beitrag nutzte man die Umfrage in Form einer beschreibenden Untersuchung, und die untersuchte Gruppe bildeten die erwachsenen Dorfeinwohner (18 Jahre und mehr), die sechs Gemeinschaften (Peretoru, Ekeremor, Obrigbene, Enougbene, Amabulou und Aya-ama) im Bundesstaat Bayelsa in Nigeria angehörten. Die Angaben kommen von 600 Befragten, die aus sechs Gemeinden frei ausgewählt wurden, und wurden nachher anhand der Anzahl der Häufigkeiten und Prozentsätze analysiert. Die Ergebnisse werden in den Diagrammen dargestellt. Ergebnisse: Die Untersuchung bewies, dass die Dorfeinwohner ein niedriges Bewusstsein der EVD haben, und viele der ortsansässigen Einwohner sich keine Mühe geben, die Informationen über die EVD auszusuchen, weil sie daran nicht glauben. Schlussfolgerung: Im Resultat wies die Untersuchung auf das Bedürfnis hin, die Strukturen, die das Engagement der Gemeinschaften besonders in den Epidemie-Zeiten fördern, bundesweit zu unterstützen. ; Aim: The study investigated the awareness of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) and information seeking behaviour of rural dwellers in Nigeria. Methods: The survey type of the descriptive research design was used in conducting the study and the study group comprised adult rural dwellers (18 years and above) residing in six communities (Peretoru, Ekeremor, Obrigbene, Enougbene, Amabulou, and Aya-ama) in Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Data were collected from 600 respondents who were randomly selected from the six communities. The data from the study were then analysed using frequency count and percentages. The results were presented in charts (and graphs). Results: The study revealed that rural dwellers possess low awareness of EVD and many of them do not bother to seek EVD information because they do not believe it exists. Conclusion: Consequently, the study noted the need for the federal government to enhance structures that promote community engagements, especially at the time of the epidemic. ; Cel: W badaniu zbadano świadomość choroby wywołanej wirusem Ebola (EVD) oraz podejście w poszukiwaniu informacji wśród mieszkańców wsi w Nigerii. Metody badawcze: W badaniu wykorzystano ankietę o charakterze badania opisowego, a badaną grupą byli dorośli mieszkańcy wsi (18 lat i więcej) zamieszkujący sześć społeczności (Peretoru, Ekeremor, Obrigbene, Enougbene, Amabulou i Aya-ama) w stanie Bayelsa w Nigerii. Dane zebrano od 600 respondentów, którzy zostali losowo wybrani z sześciu społeczności. Dane z badania zostały następnie przeanalizowane przy użyciu liczby częstotliwości i wartości procentowych. Wyniki przedstawiono na wykresach. Wyniki: Badanie ujawniło, że mieszkańcy wsi mają niską świadomość na temat EVD, a wielu rdzennych mieszkańców nie zadaje sobie trudu szukania informacji o EVD, ponieważ nie wierzą, że to istnieje. Wnioski: W konsekwencji badanie zwróciło uwagę na potrzebę wzmocnienia przez rząd federalny struktur promujących zaangażowanie społeczności, zwłaszcza w czasie epidemii.

A survey work on the benefits of entomophagous insects was carried out in four Local Government Areas of Central Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria to assess the most preferred and most consumed edible insect species. Three communities were selected from each Local Government Area. Three hundred and twenty (320) structured questionnaires were administered to the selected sampling population. The data were processed and subjected to statistical analysis such as descriptive and percentages as well analysis of variance. The result showed that insects consumed (bug, beetle, termite, bee, caterpillar, grasshopper and cricket) cut across the following Orders: Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Isoptera, Lepidotera, Hemiptera and Diptera. The Order Coleoptera had the highest number of species followed closely by the Orders Isoptera and Orthoptera. The insects were harvested/collected by the consumers from the wild at different periods of the year and prepared for consumption either by boiling, frying, roasting or sun drying while some were consumed raw. Rural dwellers majorly children are the major consumers of edible insects. These insects form an integral part of the diet of the people of the Central Part of the State. Keywords: Entomophagy, rural dwellers, Cross River, Local Government Area

Public attitudes towards punishment have been a key area of research in criminology. Criminologists are interested in the attitudes of the general public towards the punishment of those who have committed crime. This is especially important information because the public has a powerful political voice when it comes to the determining how we deal with and control crime. Research in this area has tended towards broad national examinations of punitive attitudes and has even looked at differences based on gender, age, class and education.