Suchergebnisse

A latent class model is applied to allow entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) to influence the effect of entrepreneurial activity on growth in European Union regions. Using this methodology, clusters of regions that differ significantly in their relationship between entrepreneurial activity and growth are identified. This is consistent with the hypothesis that EEs affect this relationship. Subsequently, cluster membership is related to regional characteristics representing a range of components of EEs and marked differences in a variety of these regional characteristics are found. Taken together, the results support the notion that EEs help shape the impact of entrepreneurial activity on growth.

The results presented in this paper originate from an EU research project that is near toits completion. The goal was to build a model that can be applied to all industrial sites inthe Mediterranean area. The approach followed to achieve the objectives was to study allthe new technologies and systems that, if applied globally, can make the whole areasustainable both energetically and environmentally. The application of the model allowsthe design and implementation of self-sufficient green areas in terms of energy which alsobrings to the reduction of the emissions into the atmosphere. An aim of the project wasalso to identify possible sources of funding or incentives. The main beneficiaries of theresults are SMEs that through a more responsible approach to the environment could getgreater market competitiveness and reduce energy costs of their enterprises. Otherbeneficiaries are the people who obtain advantages from a clearer and less pollutedsurrounding environment.The paper presents the results obtained from the application of the model in some pilotcases.

AbstractPrevious research suggests that having more self‐employed or entrepreneurs can contribute to higher levels of economic growth in distressed areas. Additionally, self‐employment in certain industries may be more beneficial to growth. Other research has linked industrial diversity to entrepreneurship and regional growth, especially in urban areas. However, the relationship between industrial diversity, self‐employment, and growth in lagging or distressed regions is less clear. To examine these linkages in distressed areas, we first identify a group of distressed counties based on historic data. Then, using detailed industry‐level self‐employment data, we appraise whether having more self‐employed from certain industries is associated with regional growth. We also analyze the relationship between industrial diversity and overall growth and the propensity to be self‐employed. The results suggest that having more self‐employment overall and in some key industries is associated with more employment growth in distressed counties. We also find that the relationship between economic diversity and self‐employment varies by industry and region.

In the National Development Plan of Latvia 2014–2020 it is written that society is aware that social, regional and opportunity inequalities can be reduced by a high overall employment rate in which everyone seeks for productivity. High employment rate is important not only for decreasing inequalities in country, but also for promoting economic growth. There have always been employment challenges in Latvia that are complex and insufficiently researched in academic research. The aim of the study is to analyse economic activity in Latvia by regions, education level, age group and gender. Research methods used in preparation of the article: scientific publication and previous conducted research results analysis, analysis of Labour Force Survey results (in 2014–2017) which are compared with the results of other European Union and OECD countries. Survey results are analysed using indicators of descriptive statistics (indicators of central tendency or location – arithmetic mean, mode, median), indicators of variability (indicators of dispersion – range, standard deviation and standard error of mean), cross-tabulations by regions in Latvia, by level of education, by age group, by gender and analysis of variance – ANOVA are used. The results of analysis indicated that the highest unemployment rate is in Latgale region and the higher the level of education, the less likely it is to be unemployed in Latvia. ; The research was supported by the NATIONAL RESEARCH PROGRAMME "LATVIAN HERITAGE AND FUTURE CHALLENGES FOR THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE STATE" project "CHALLENGES FOR THE LATVIAN STATE AND SOCIETY AND THE SOLUTIONS IN INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT" (INTERFRAME-LV, Project No.VPP-IZM-2018/1-0005)

Long-term component of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a support of agriculture in less favoured areas (LFA) paid annually by the EU since 1975. Its implementation is closely connected not only with support of agriculture in regions with structural or natural disadvantages but also with an insurance of minimal settlement and protection of countryside environment. The paper summarizes these supports in the Czech Republic with an emphasise on the implementation after the accession to the EU. After the characteristics of LFA, the paper presents an outline of their development at the national level together with an analysis of the subvention paid to an ample of farms. The contribution has been elaborated within research framework of MSM 6007665806.