Suchergebnisse

In a departure from car-centered analyses of the automobility systems, this article highlights the importance of motorcycles and motorcycling in the mobility practices of socialist countries. For at least half of the existence of socialist mobility systems, and especially during the 1950s and 1960s, there were more motorcycles on the roads than cars. Motorcycling was important in commuting, for the mobility of lower-ranking administrative personnel in the countryside, and for mass tourism and leisure. Although in that era maintenance and repair practices were equally central to motorcycling and car-driving, the distinction between user-owner and mechanic was much more fluid in the case of motorcyclists. As a result, the centrality of maintenance and repair to socialist-era motorcycling offers an ideal opportunity to enrich current interdisciplinary conversations about breakdown, maintenance, and repair. Building on the car-centered research into maintenance and repair activities, I add additional material on the nature, types, and complexity of such practices for motorcycling. I outline nine forms of material engagement with motorcycles that reference, but transcend, the current dichotomies between necessity and pleasure, the formal and the informal, the technical and the aesthetic, and the repair of existing objects and the creation of new ones.

The article analyzes the current state of information exchange in the control system of a mechanized brigade during its combat operations in the anti-terrorist operation, the operation of the combined forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the east of the country. It is determined that the mechanized crew communication system has a low level of survivability. The cause is a large amount of communication damage due to enemy fire damage and limited technical reliability. Maintaining a given level of survivability of the communication system is possible primarily through the timely restoration of damaged communications.Existing models that can be used to determine the estimated number of recovered communications tools are analyzed. Strengths and weaknesses are identified and directions of improvement are formulated.A simulation model developed on a personal computer in the AnyLogic 7.0.2 Professional software environment, the process of repairing communications in the repair unit of a mechanized team, which, unlike existing ones, takes into account the intensity of communication failure due to enemy fire damage combat periods, as well as communication tools that fail due to limited technical reliability.The type of queuing system used to describe the recovery process of communications in the mechanized repair unit is justified. The algorithm of work of simulation model of process of communication means restoration in repair unit of mechanized crew is given.Let's calculate the number of recovered communications using a simulation model of the communication recovery process in a mechanized brigade repair unit using a hypothetical example. The dependence of the likelihood of communication services on the number of communication repair masters has been determined.

Letter from the Director /Katherine Schwartz --Colonial wounds/postcolonial repair /Jon Ros --Monuments in exile: an infinite page of marble writing /Amina Menia --Flesh and stone /Maureen G. Shanahan --Amina Menia's trans-Mediterranean aesthetics /Beth Hinderliter --About the authors /Amina Menia, Beth Hinderliter, Maureen G. Shanahan --Exhibition checklist --Acknowledgements.

The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and Fire broke physical information and communication technologies at the very moment that people wanted to connect with loved ones using the telegraph – the quickest way to send messages. Sending telegrams was one means by which people connected with each other, but the telegraphic infrastructure, like much of the physical infrastructure, was badly damaged. Telegraph operators labored long hours to repair the telecommunications infrastructures or to enact workarounds. The telegraph companies credited employees with taking great personal risk to ensure that the world knew about the disaster -- these operators and engineers were called "heroes." However, even as these employees worked in exceptional circumstances and were celebrated for their heroic actions, they were reproducing the "normal" ordering of information infrastructures. Telegraph companies were taking money from people to ostensibly deliver telegrams via speedy but broken telegraphic infrastructure when in reality often sending the telegrams through the mail. These heroic telegraphers went on strike less than a year after the earthquake and fire when Western Union refused their requests for temporary raises to accommodate the cost-of-living increases in the damaged San Francisco area. While the capitalists running the telegraphic infrastructure publicly celebrated the improvisational work of their employees as heroic, the telegraph did not do what its clients paid for and swindled them. After 89 days the strikers went back to work with no gain. It was a moment of extraordinary upheaval and creative repair which nevertheless seemed to reinforce ordinary political economic ordering.

The treatment of ideas of repair in circular economy literature is critically reviewed, revealing instrumental understandings of repair as a tool to extend product life-spans and reduce waste. These framings are interpreted as an expression of the dominant technocratic and post-political discourses of circular economy as an intervention to sustain industrial capitalism in the face of sustainability constraints. The review contrasts these understandings of repair derived from a review of circular economy literature with richer and contested interpretations found in sociological, ethnographic and political literatures examining material repair in practice. Drawing on the emerging sociology of repair and applying more distinct concepts of restoration, remediation, reconfiguration and reconciliation derived from these literatures, the paper argues that the understandings of repair in circular economy literature are limited and restrictive, generally supporting a view of repair as sustaining, consumerist and nostalgic; and thereby overlooking potentially transformative, political and future-oriented roles for repair in a circular economy. In the restorative and remedial modes most commonly understood in the circular economy, repair is seen to enable new forms of capitalist commodification, notably of waste and domestic labour. Learning from contestation in other arenas of repair by contrast, understanding repair as encompassing ideas for reconciliation and reconfiguration, and adopting values of integrity, care and legibility, opens up repair in the circular economy to constructive critical discussion and reflection and offers new insights for policy makers.