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Published Article ; Healthcare risk waste is highly regulated in several countries by well-developed legislative frameworks; however, there is a lack of development and adherence to directives and laws in developing countries such as South Africa. Although legislation is in place, it does not always address medical waste in detail to assist with issues such as segregation, categorisation, collection, transport, treatment and final disposal practices. Incineration is still the most common means of treatment, which has shifted the focus of the Department of Environmental Affairs, the department responsible for overseeing waste disposal, to air quality monitoring. The objective of this paper is to highlight issues related to HCRW management, and to suggest a way forward, rather than to provide an in-depth analysis of the problem.

This book discusses the bioremediation of both solid and liquid waste, including regional solutions for India as well as globally relevant applications. The topics covered include pollutant reduction through composting, solutions for petroleum refinery waste, use of microorganisms in the bioremediation of industrial waste and toxicity reduction, microbial fuel cells, and microbial depolymerisation. The book also explores the biosorption of metals and the bioremediation of leachates, especially with regard to soil and groundwater remediation. It is a valuable resource for researchers, professionals, and policy makers alike

Humanity's impact on the natural world can have disastrous effects. E-Wasteshines a light on the ever-growing amount of e-waste and the lack of resources to safely recycle it. With abundant charts and diagrams and large-format photos, this title explores the science behind damages to human and environmental health, and considers actions people and governments can take to try to improve the situation. Features include a flow chart showing the disaster's causes and effects, a glossary, references, websites, source notes, and an index. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Essential Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO

1. Electronic waste : environment and society / Ramzy Kahhat -- 2. Current and new electronic waste recycling technologies / Siegfried Kreibe -- 3. Recycling of technology metals : a holistic system approach / Christian Hageluken and Christina E.M. Meskers -- 4. A tale of three metals / Thomas E. Graedel and Ermelinda M. Harper -- 5. Closing the plastic loop : turning the supply chain into a supply cycle by mining plastics from end-of-life electronics and other durable goods / Mike Biddle -- 6. Evaluating the performance of recycling systems : examples from North American and European electronics recycling systems / Susan Fredholm Murphy, Jeremy Gregory, and Randolph Kirchain -- 7. Current international flows of electronic waste, future tasks, and possible solutions / Atsushi Terazono and Aya Yoshida -- 8. Controlling trade in electronic waste : an analysis of international agreements and national trade policies in Asia / Chika Aoki-Suzuki, Magnus Bengtsson, and Yasuhiko Hotta -- 9. Future development of product streams and the necessary adaptation of waste management and the legislation ruling it / Hans-Jochen Lueckefett -- 10. Reuse : a bridge from unsustainable e-waste to sustainable e-resources / Colin Fitzpatrick. [et al.] -- 11. Electronics industry competes for raw materials : will the scarcity of natural resources become a showstopper for the information and communications industry? / Klaus Hieronymi -- 12. Future perspectives on electronic scrap / Eric Williams.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- ABOUT THE AUTHOR -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Abbreviations -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Principles of Waste Management -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Goals of Waste Management -- 1.3. Basic Elements of Waste Management -- 1.4. Waste Hierarchy -- 1.5. Precautionary Principle -- 1.6. Zero Waste -- 1.7. Muda (Japanese Term) -- 1.8. Pay As You Throw (PAYT) -- 1.9. Polluter Pays Principle (PPP) -- 1.10. Product Stewardship Policy (PSP) -- 1.11. Proximity Principle -- 1.12. Resource Recovery -- 1.13. Waste-To-Energy (WTE) -- 1.14. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) -- 1.15. Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO) -- Chapter 2 Importance of Waste Management -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Significance of Waste Management In Environmental Sanitation -- 2.3. Top Reasons For Waste Management -- 2.4. Emerging Factors -- 2.5. New Waste Management Techniques -- Chapter 3 Waste Avoidance and Reduction Methods -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Origins of Wastes -- 3.3. Impacts of Improper Waste Management -- 3.4. Waste Avoidance -- 3.5. Waste Minimization -- 3.6. Waste Reuse -- 3.7. Financial Support For Waste Management -- 3.8. Education and Awareness of The General Public on Waste Management -- 3.9. Waste Policies -- Chapter 4 Waste Management Methods -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Storage And Transport of Wastes -- 4.3. Recycling Methods -- 4.4. Energy Recovery -- 4.5. Plasma Gasification -- 4.6. Biological Reprocessing -- 4.7. Waste Incineration -- 4.8. Final Disposal of Wastes -- 4.9. Environmental Considerations In Waste Disposal Methods -- 4.10. General Conclusion On Waste Disposal Methods -- Chapter 5 Waste Handling, Storage, and Transportation -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Waste Handling -- 5.3. Handling, Storage, And Transport of Solid Municipal Waste.