Suchergebnisse

Bruno Latour and Eduardo Viveiros de Castro provided the initial impetus for explicitly ontological research in archaeology. Their impact on archaeologists, however, has been quite different. What I call the "metaphysical archaeologists" trace their genealogy from Latour, though they are now equally influenced by "new materialism" and the "new ontological realism" ( Gabriel 2015 ). They have introduced an alternative metaphysical orthodoxy to archaeology. In contrast, Viveiros de Castro and colleagues have authorized the return of the grand ethnographic analogy to archaeology, particularly in the case of animism. A second, quite different tendency inspired by these same anthropologists is to engage with indigenous ideas as theories to reconfigure archaeological concepts and practice. I suggest that a point of convergence between the metaphysical and the latter anthropological approaches exists in their focus on the concept of alterity.

Archaeology has long sublimated an account of the political into a series of proxy concepts such as cities, civilizations, chiefdoms, and states. Recently, however, the archaeology of political association has been revitalized by efforts to forward a systematic account of the political, attentive to the creation and maintenance of sovereignty in practical negotiations between variously formalized authorities and a publically specified community of subjects. This new, and largely inchoate, archaeology of sovereignty has pushed the field to attend to the practical production of political regimes and the material mediations that articulate authorities and subjects. This review is intended to highlight the latent principles that draw this dispersed literature into a shared archaeological concern with sovereignty by sketching the intellectual crises that created the space for its emergence and the key concepts that orient current research. Taken together, the works discussed here point to a new concern with the dynamics of authorization and subjection across a wide range of political practices.

Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Ben Roberts and Mark Goodall -- Part 1. Experimental Media Archaeology -- 1. Media Archaeology as Laboratory for History Writing and Theory Making -- Wanda Strauven -- 2. Doing Experimental Media Archaeology -- Epistemological and Methodological Reflections on Experiments with Historical Objects of Media Technologies -- Andreas Fickers and Annie van den Oever -- 3. The Ghosts of Media Archaeology -- Mark Goodall -- 4. (game)(code) -- re-playing program listings from 1980s British computer magazines -- Alison Gazzard -- Part 2. Media Archaeological Theory -- 5. Cinema, Motion, Energy, and Entropy -- Thomas Elsaesser -- 6. Collector, Hoarder, Media Archaeologist -- Walter Benjamin with Vivian Maier -- Peter Buse -- 7. Media Archaeology and Critical Theory of Technology -- Ben Roberts -- Part 3. Media Archaeology at the Interface -- 8. The Cube -- A Cinema Archaeology -- Angela Piccini -- 9. Inventing Pasts and Futures -- Speculative Design and Media Archaeology -- Jussi Parikka -- Index.

Der Autor thematisiert in seinem Beitrag die Legitimierung und die kritischen Möglichkeiten, die der Diskurs der Ausnahme in sich birgt. Als "Politik der Ausnahme" bezeichnet er illiberale politische Maßnahmen und Praktiken, die als notwendige Ausnahmen von der Norm gerechtfertigt werden. Das Gefangenenlager in Guantanamo Bay ist hierfür ein bedrückendes empirisches Beispiel, das zu einem Sinnbild für einen ganzen Katalog weitreichender außergewöhnlicher Maßnahmen geworden ist, die von der Konstruktion einer akuten Sicherheitsbedrohung durch Immigration und Asylgesuche bis zur Strafverfolgung von Terrorverdächtigen in Drittstaaten reichen, in denen Folter offenbar üblich ist. Der Autor zeigt in Anlehnung an die Archäologie Michel Foucaults, dass an diesem Ort nicht nur archaische Formen von Macht wieder aufleben, sondern souveräne Macht und Disziplinarmacht eine historisch neue Verbindung eingehen. Er setzt sich außerdem mit den theoretischen Positionen von Carl Schmitt über den Ausnahmezustand, den Ansätzen von Giorgio Agamben und der Theorie der "Securitization" kritisch auseinander. (ICI2)