Suchergebnisse

46 p. ; This report outlines the status of health technology assessment (HTA) in the Balkan region, including facilitators andbarriers. It is based on the discussions during a WHO workshop on health intervention and technology assessment insupport of universal health coverage held in Ljubljana, Slovenia, in February 2020, as well as a survey and a desktopreview of relevant literature. Participants from public institutions working in the field of HTA from eight Balkancountries and areas attended the workshop, along with international technical experts and staff from WHO andWHO partners. The developmental status of HTA varies across countries. Facilitators of HTA identified include politicalwill, networks, structured health systems, legal frameworks and relevant examples of gain. Barriers include politicalinstability, small economies and human resources. Recommendations for future action include mapping needs andoptions, strengthening collaborative initiatives, involving stakeholders and develop roadmaps towards transparent andsustainable HTA frameworks. All participants recognized the need for increased transparency.

12 p. ; This interim guidance is intended to support WHO European Region Member States and partners in promoting the health of migrant workers in particular through effective approaches and best practices in enhancing preparedness, prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as considerations for mitigating the negative socioeconomic impact of the pandemic. The targeted audience includes governments, employers and workers organizations, health authorities and health -care providers, nongovernmental organizations serving migrant populations, and other key stakeholders that have an influence and impact on the health and well-being of migrant worker populations in the Region. The interim guidance aims to address the two following main questions: (1) What are some of the current and potential implications of COVID-19 preparedness, response and recovery activities on the health and well-being of migrant workers in the WHO European Region? (2) What policies and interventions can be considered to help to mitigate the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health of migrant worker populations in the WHO European Region?

58 p. ; This report summarizes information collected to date on the efforts undertaken by the Government of Ukraine to advance the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDG 3 (ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages) as well as health-related targets in other SDGs. The report outlines the methodology of data collection and analysis and sets the scene regarding Ukraine's sociopolitical context, its health system and its status regarding achievement of the SDGs. Each target and indicator within SDG 3 is analysed to identify trends in progress towards achievement. The analysis extends to the health-related targets in other SDGs and reviews relevant indicators included in the Global Action Plan for Health and Well-being. A set of nine recommendations based on the analysis are grouped into three categories: engaging in focused alignment of all sector stakeholders with priority actions; cultivating an enabling environment for SDG attainment; and prioritizing foundational health system improvements.

2 p. ; Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has implications for many other health issues, from cancer to the health workforce to laboratory quality. The fight to keep antibiotics working cannot be won by the health sector alone – it will require collaboration from many sectors and sections of government, and from health workers and patients.

17 p. ; The WHO European Health Equity Status Report, Healthy, prosperous lives for all, reveals the policy conditions responsible for the health gap in the WHO European Region. Underlying exactly how these policies impact differently on the health and well-being of women and men across social strata are governance systems and means by which the public is brought into decision-making that affects their lives and livelihoods. This policy brief presents evidence showing that political participation, representation, accountability and transparency are important preconditions for health equity. The theory of change underpinning the analysis is that: (i) inclusive political institutions give participatory space and weight to the voices of people whose lives are most deeply affected by health inequities, and thus more control in policymaking and implementation processes; and (ii) robust civil society organizations and press freedom lead to greater accountability and transparency in the political process.

84 p. ; This report analyses the 60 voluntary national reviews (VNRs) submitted by 52 Member States in the WHO EuropeanRegion between 2016 and 2020, examining how they incorporated and reported health and well-being issues. It identifiessimilarities and differences between Member States in their efforts to implement the 2030 Agenda for SustainableDevelopment, and how they are working towards achieving better, more equitable and sustainable health and well-beingfor all at all ages. The data in the VNRs and the main messages documents were analysed using both qualitative andquantitative methods. The review highlights how the VNR process is one platform that can be used to promote andadvance health and well-being issues. Working towards achieving the health and health-related SDGs requirescomprehensive, context-specific, inclusive and participatory processes within countries, and for Member States toimplement a set of coherent, evidence-informed policies that address health, well-being and all their determinantsthroughout the life-course and across all sectors of government and society.

13 p. ; Ukraine is recognized internationally as having implemented some of the best practices in relation to taxationof tobacco products, particularly cigarettes. In the period of 2008–2018, the Ukrainian Government increasedthe average excise tax on cigarettes from 0.58 to 15.5 Ukrainian hryvnia (UAH) per pack, resulting in a 12-foldincrease in tobacco excise revenues and a 40% reduction in the number of daily smokers. In 2017, the UkrainianGovernment adopted a plan to increase excise tax on tobacco by 20% yearly until 2025 to reach the EuropeanUnion minimum excise tax rate and further increase revenues, decrease consumption and reduce tobaccorelatedmortality and morbidity. A simulation exercise was conducted to estimate the increase in revenues forthe period 2020–2025 under the current schedule of increase. This was compared to the assessed impact ofa slower increase in excise taxes, as suggested by the tobacco industry. Results show that revenues from thecurrent schedule will remain substantially larger than those under the industry proposal even if illicit tradedoubled in this period. Excise revenues would reach 102 billion UAH by 2025 under the current schedulecompared to around 68 billion UAH under the industry proposal.

3 p. ; It is the role of governments to check that food handling, storage, transportation and preparation of food in markets is carried out in accordance with national rules and regulations. This includes clarifying roles and responsibilities among food safety agencies, allocating adequate resources, assessing risk factors for risk management and enforce legal requirements. Governments may also support the improvement of market environments and infrastructure, invest in training of vendors and education of consumers and share risk communication messages, in particular during outbreaks.

2 p. ; Since the International University of Monaco does not have a medical faculty, health professionals, apart from nurses, are trained and graduate abroad (master's degree). Nurses obtain their qualifications through the Nursing Education Institute of Monaco, which has a similar programme to that offered in France. The Institute also trains nursing assistants. In addition, the College of Continuing Medical Education provides teaching credits, which are valid in the European Union (European Credits Transfer System). Postgraduate training in Monaco is currently too limited to influence health-system innovation and performance.

17 p. ; This report presents the results of a collaboration between WHO, the European Commission and European Union Member States. Information was collected by a network of physical activity focal points using a questionnaire with 23 indicators established to monitor implementation of the European Union physical activity guidelines. In addition, success stories or examples of good practices in the promotion of physical activity through sport were compiled through a follow-up brief survey related to two indicators in 2019. The background, methods and complete results of this exercise are presented in the publication Physical activity factsheets for the European Union Member States of the WHO European Region, published in 2018. The definitions, operationalization and the data used to define the indicators are available in a European Commission working document that also describes the monitoring framework.

3 p. ; Patients and providers have responded supportively to measures enabling better distribution of antihormonal, antineoplastic and palliative care drugs in the regions; the Institute of Oncology is now advocating for legislation that would make these measures durable

21 p. ; This report presents the results of a collaboration between WHO, the European Commission and European Union Member States. Information was collected by a network of physical activity focal points using a questionnaire with 23 indicators established to monitor implementation of the European Union physical activity guidelines. In addition, success stories or examples of good practices in the promotion of physical activity in workplaces were compiled through a follow-up brief survey related to two indicators in 2019. The background, methods and complete results of this exercise are presented in the publication Physical activity factsheets for the European Union Member States of the WHO European Region, published in 2018. The definitions, operationalization and the data used to define the indicators are available in a European Commission working document that also describes the monitoring framework.

2 p. ; Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has implications for many other health issues, from cancer to the health workforce to laboratory quality. The fight to keep antibiotics working cannot be won by the health sector alone – it will require collaboration from many sectors and sections of government, and from health workers and patients. This suite of advocacy documents was created to explain how AMR affects health in different contexts and how focusing on different sectors can contribute to managing AMR.

2 p. ; Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has implications for many other health issues, from cancer to the health workforce to laboratory quality. The fight to keep antibiotics working cannot be won by the health sector alone – it will require collaboration from many sectors and sections of government, and from health workers and patients.

2 p. ; Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has implications for many other health issues, from cancer to the health workforce to laboratory quality. The fight to keep antibiotics working cannot be won by the health sector alone – it will require collaboration from many sectors and sections of government, and from health workers and patients.