Service-learning is integral to most American higher education institutions' mission in fostering community and civic engagement in a democratic society. Service-learning designation courses are mechanisms used to link courses to communities and to integrate experiential learning into education. The effects of the courses on student outcomes are multifaceted but warrant further inquiry. This exploratory study endeavors to investigate post service-learning course effects on student outcome indicators like connection of limited time community volunteering to academic course material; awareness of self and community needs; impacts on academic and career goals at a four-year public university in the United States. This research, which aims to boost the knowledge-based of service-learning designation courses' impacts on students, theorized that to predict and measure the outcomes of service learning on students and courses the characteristics of student participants are critical indicators. The findings revealed that gender (female), age (older) and no prior community civic engagement students benefited the most from service-learning designation courses. The study highlights the significance of (a) diverse student characteristics like age and gender; and (b) experiential learning of younger students like freshmen and sophomores and those with no prior community service experiences in the design and development of service-learning designated courses.
Online shopping has become increasingly popular in the past two decades. Yet, despite its popularity, the use of online stores on the African continent pales in comparison to other parts of the world. Moreover, in many economic contexts in Africa and including Ghana, there has been very limited research on the subject of online adoption and in particular, the fundamental factors that can influence its initial adoption, especially among young and relatively educated consumers who constitute the largest demographic group there. We, therefore, make a determined effort to fill this growing knowledge gap by exploring some fundamental factors associated to shop online by young and educated consumers. This exploratory research draws on the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) framework and focuses on five variables of interest namely perceived ease of use, government support infrastructure, and economic considerations about pricing, perceived convenience and use intentions of online retail stores. Evidence collected from 294 research participants provides support for our research propositions Finally, our research contributions and future study directions are considered in the concluding part of the paper.
Introduction to The Problem: Resettlement/Shelter is one of the basic human needs and plays a strategic role as the formation of character as well as national personality. However, there is still a problem concerning the availability of public housing in Indonesia. The root of this problem is because people are free to transfer their ownership over their public housing, which leads to the escalation of public housing price. One of the situations where an escalation of public housing price occurred and inaccurate-ownership is in Kalibata City. Kalibata City was supposed to be public housing, but in the present, it 3is occupied by upper-middle-income families as well as an investor.Purpose/Objective Study: The purpose of this research article is to observe, analyze, and criticize the transfer of public housing ownership in Indonesia and provide a comparison with the Community Land Trust in the United States of America.Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method employed in this research article is normative research method, whereas the types of data utilized are literature studies. The literature studies comprise of various sources in the form of laws, books, and journals related to public housing. The data is analyzed by employing a qualitative method and presented descriptively.Findings: The result of this research article indicates that the Government Regulation which is a follow-up to Article 55 paragraph (5) Law Number 1 of 2011 regarding Housing and Resettlement Area which mandates to regulate further related to the appointment and establishment of the institution has not been formed yet. Furthermore, to realize intergenerational justice, the transfer institution must be burdened with specific duties.
The purpose of this study was to examine the practices and challenges of guidance and counseling services in southwest Ethiopia secondary schools with the intention of understanding the state of secondary school guidance and counseling and forward improvement options to student service. The study employs a descriptive survey design that involves quantitative and qualitative research methods. The study participants were 392 students and 108 teachers who were selected from the secondary schools of southwest Ethiopia by systematic random sampling. Moreover, 8 counselors, 8 principals, and 8 educational bureau officers were selected by a means of availability sampling. The data for the study were collected by the administration of questionnaires and the use of oral interviews. The quantitative data were analyzed using the frequency of student visits to guidance and counseling office and mean perception score on practices of guidance and counseling. The qualitative data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method with a focus on the major challenges of guidance and counseling services in the sampled schools. The result of the study showed that the majority of secondary school students never visit guidance and counseling offices. The mean perception score of students and teachers towards the usefulness of the service was positive though the provision was either very much limited or most of the time unavailable. The services of guidance and counseling are also influenced by several challenges such as the lack of professionally trained counselors and the required facilities. The researchers conclude the implication of guidance and counseling service and the associated challenges to considerably influence secondary school student learning and personal wellbeing.
The purpose of the study was to find out primary school principals' readiness and qualification to implement inclusive education in western Oromia. Quantitative research design was followed. The sample of the study was 225 primary school principals. Data was collected from participants using questionnaire to answer. For the purpose of data, percentage, mean and standard divisions and independent t-test were used. The result indicated that, among the sample respondents 141 were responded to attend special needs education course in their pre-service training program. This group comprises 62.67% among the sample. To the contrary 84 (37.33%) didn't take any course related to special need education during their pre-service training. Based on the result of the study recommendations were forwarded training and workshops should be organized for principals on general inclusive education techniques to improving overall quality of teaching.
The purpose of the study was to investigate school administrators and teachers identification mechanism of students with behavioral problems in secondary schools. The research method was descriptive survey method and quantitative research design was used. The researcher used both primary and secondary data as a source. The primary data was gathered through questionnaire while the secondary sources were from written documents. Study populations were school administers (school principals, vice school principals and unit leaders) and teachers of secondary school of south west Ethiopia. The sampling technique used to draw sample from study population was multi stage random sampling technique. First stage 5 zones in south western Ethiopia were selected. On the second stage, from each zones 3 woredas/twon and one secondary school in each woredas were selected. The schools administers of selected schools were selected by purposive sampling and teachers were selected by random sampling techniques. All school administers of selected secondary schools 45 schools administers (school principals, vice school principals and unit leaders) selected purposively and 420 teachers selected by simple random sampling techniques. The instruments of data collection were Likert scale closed-ended self- administered questionnaire for teachers and school administers.To check the reliability of instrument pilot testing was conducted on 30 individuals. Cronbach alpha calculated result showed that reliability coefficient was 0.83. Validation of the instruments was done by using experts' review and discussion. Based on experts comments irrelevant items were discarded and some ambiguous items were modified. The current study was used quantitative methods of data analysis. The analysis of data was done using percentage, mean and standard division while analysis of qualitative data was done by thematic analysis methods. The result of the study indicated both teachers and school administers were not used standardized tools to identify student's behavioral problem. The mean scores of teachers (M= 3.40 with Sd 1.24) and school administers (M= 4.10 with Sd=1.01) agreed that most of the time they identify students behavioral problems by office discipline and/or classroom minor behavioral records and attendance the methods. In addition, both teachers and school administers reported that they identified students behavioral problems based on information get from peers, other staff teachers and parents. Both teachers and school administers perceived that internalized behavioral problems such initiation of aggressive behaviors, harassments, lack of empathy and externalized behavioral problems external behavioral problems such as frequent absences from school or poor performance in school, exhibits persistent patterns of stealing and lying. From these results, it was recommended that to reduce student's behavioral problems the researcher recommended that the school principals, teachers and other stakeholders should set some sorts of rules and regulations specific to the school with the active involvement of the students, in addition to the rules and the regulations of the country.
Purpose This study aims to examine the effects of audit committee attributes on corporate philanthropic donations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design/methodology/approach The study targets Nigeria's listed firms between 2019 and 2020. We hand-collected the data from the available published annual reports of 141 and 128 firms for 2019 and 2020, respectively. Therefore, the authors used a total of 269 firm-year observations for the study. The authors used ordinary least square regression to analyze the data and Tobit regression to establish the robustness of the results.
Findings The results indicate that the frequency of audit committee meetings has a significant positive relationship with corporate philanthropic donations before and during COVID-19. In the case of audit committee independence, it has only a significant positive relationship with corporate philanthropic donations during the pandemic. However, the findings reveal that audit committee size and foreign directors on the audit committee do not influence corporate philanthropic donations before and during COVID-19.
Research limitations/implications The study considers audit committee characteristics out of the corporate governance mechanisms that can influence the philanthropic donations of the listed firms in Nigeria over two years from 2019 and 2020.
Practical implications The findings have practical implications for encouraging the audit committee to support philanthropic donations for the welfare of the poor and the needy, particularly in difficult times like the COVID-19 period. The results could also help regulators and policymakers to provide regulations and policies that can encourage firms to participate actively in philanthropic activities to their best ability.
Social implications Motivating firms to provide philanthropic donations for the welfare of underprivileged persons could strongly support the government's effort to minimize the socioeconomic problems caused by COVID-19.
Originality/value The study contributes to the scant literature that establishes the impact of audit committee attributes on firm philanthropic donations toward helping the poor and the needy in difficult periods.
Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menganalisis kedudukan pemerintah dalam perjanjian kerjasama pemerintah dengan badan usaha. Dengan metode yuridis normatif, Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa belum ada dasar hukum yang jelas terkait dengan pengaturan pemerintah sebagai badan hukum dikarenakan Pasal 1653 KUH Perdata menyatakan pengakuan sebuah perhimpunan sebagai badan hukum wajib melalui peraturan perundang-undangan; kedudukan Pemerintah tidak dijelaskan dalam ketentuan umum Perpres KPBU, namun secara implisit yang dimaksud pemerintah dalam Pepres KPBU adalah Kementerian, Lembaga, dan Daerah yang diwakili oleh Menteri, Kepala Lembaga dan Kepala Daerah. Penentuan Menteri/Kepala Lembaga/Kepala Daerah/BUMN dan BUMD sebagai PJPK berdasarkan kewenangan dalam peraturan perundangan sektoral; dan asas keseimbangan mengikat dalam kedudukan pemerintah sebagai pihak dalam perjanjian KPBU. This research aims to analyse the government legal standing in Public Private Partnership Agreement. With yuridical-normative methods, This research found that there is no clear legal basis related to government as a juridical person because Article 1653 of the Civil Code stipulated that the recognition of an association as an juridical person must be through statutory regulations; The Government standing is not explained in the general provisions of the PPP Presidential Regulation, but implicitly what is meant by the government in the PPP Presidential Regulation is the Ministry, Institutions, Region which is represented by the Minister, Head of Institutions and Regional Heads. Appointment of the Minister/Head of Institution/ Head of Region/BUMN and BUMD as PJPK based on the authority in sectoral laws and regulations; and the principle of balance is binding in the position of the government as party to the PPP agreement.
Deregulation made by Government Regulation No. 40 of 1995 has intensified the competition in the aviation industry. As time passes by, many airlines implement the Low-Cost Carrier (LCC) concept. The negative effect of these LCC is that aviation companies compete to lower their prices, thus neglecting the safety factor. This research method employed in this research is normative research, whereas the material used is secondary data. The result of this research indicates that airplane ticket prices, especially economy class, are regulated in Ministry of Transportation Decree Number KM 106 of 2019 about The Upper Limit Tariff for Passengers in Economy Class Services for Scheduled Domestic Commercial Air Transport. On the other hand, this ministerial decree has not been able to solve the issues that arise in our society. Authors think that airplane ticket price as one of the essential production branches for the country needs to regulated thoroughly in order to achieve the greatest prosperity of the people in accordance with Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution.
Purpose of the study: The objective of this study is to analyze the legal framework regarding village funds in Indonesia and analyze the budgeting of some villages in Central Java along with the relation of village funds to their development and poverty. Lastly, this paper will hand over recommendations to solve these problems. Methodology: The research method employed in this legal research is normative-empirical research, whereas the research material used includes primary and secondary data. The primary data is obtained based on field research by conducting interviews with the related respondents, while the secondary data obtained through literature studies of various sources. Main Findings: The authors found out that although with the existence of the village fund, there is still some village that is underdeveloped and there are many poor people. Applications of this study: The findings can be useful as a source to improve the effectiveness of Village Funds, whether for the Central Government or the Village Government. Novelty/Originality of this study: The new findings in this study would advance the existing knowledge in Village Funds, especially its implementation through village expenditure.
A pool of knowledgeable staff is required within middle and senior management for long-term human resources for health (HRH) planning and effective management at all levels of the health system—federal, state, and local. This brief reports on the training by the Population Council, in partnership with the World Health Organization in Nigeria, of 105 key personnel on HRH planning, management, policy dialogue, advocacy, and resourcing for the HRH project "Enhancing the Ability of Frontline Health Workers to Improve Health in Nigeria." Critical HRH-related capacities were built among key Nigerian health system personnel and managers, most significantly in the states of Bauchi and Cross River and within their local government areas. These efforts should facilitate better long-term HRH planning and management in these areas, hopefully leading to improved health outcomes in these states. In addition, the institutional strengthening of a national center for HRH Training and Education, through the sustainability efforts of the HRH project, will continue to build the capacities of healthcare managers and workers throughout Nigeria.
