Suchergebnisse

At the transition beginning, economic crisis in Serbia was caused by political crisis in the area of former SFRY and institution crisis which, at the time were not ready for changing of the milieu they developed in until then. Political and economic crisis which started at that time in the area of former Yugoslavia, was intensified by the new transition crisis which have, in Serbia, being present – more or less intensively, until present days. Events in politics during the nineties, the introduction of economic sanctions by international organizations, hyperinflation, unemployment increase and overflow of gray economy, additionally contributed the crisis to last longer that it is usual for transition process. The economic crisis went on during the first decade of the new century. This period is known by accelerated privatization which, from the point of the crisis was double-edged sword: on one side, great inflow of assets partially preserved "social peace" and the crisis felt less; on the other, insufficient investments in production and long lists of redundancy workers from newly privatized companies anticipated that the economic crisis in the future will be wider and become the crisis of the social system. The great world economic crisis, which in 2008. started in the USA, had consequences for the whole world. Though, Serbia geographically and economically was not on the front line of the direct impact countries, yet economic consequences were great because the crisis hit the vulnerable system which in the previous decades was already in the crisis. Slowing of economic development and transition reforms, are most obvious consequences of its effect in Serbia. Decades of Serbian crisis and the possibility of having "Greek script" in Serbia, motivated the present government to adopt a new package of measures to ease the crisis, which will be effective in near future.

The development of international trade on the world scale under the
conditions of globalization, more than ever in the economic history has given
prominence to the issues of given countries? competitiveness and foreign
trade companies. Competitiveness in foreign trade is a complex category
affected by the factors of both economic and non-economic nature. With the
increase of the degree of liberalization of foreign trade globally,
competitiveness represents a very important factor that the results in this
particular trade depend on and, consequently, realization of the
developmental and stabilization objectives in the progress of trade. The
Balkan countries are making efforts, through diverse forms of regional
economic networking and economic cooperation, to define their competitiveness
in foreign trade in such a way so as to ensure its higher level. The actions
of this kind should change their relatively unfavorable position in
international trade and improve the state in their foreign trade balance as
well as balance of payments. In doing this, they encounter numerous problems
of economic and non-economic nature, namely those that still condition their
low competitiveness in foreign trade.

Savremene države, usled masovne primene informacione tehnologije u oblasti komunikacija, suočavaju se sa problemom efikasne kontrole i zaštite nacionalne informacione sfere, a samim tim i nacionalne bezbednosti. Informacije se od davnina koriste u manipulative svrhe i kao sredstvo za vođenje sukoba, a savremeno informaciono doba je samo dodatno aktuelizovalo informacioni prostor kao borbeni prostor savremenog globalnog društva. Aktuelizovana je upotreba dezinformacija i lažnih vesti u okviru kocepta "hibridnog i informacionog ratovanja", kao načina vođenja geopolitičkih sukoba između velikih sila, ali i kao sredstva uticaja i pritiska na male države. S tim u vezi, u radu je izvršena analiza teorijskog i konceptualnog pristupa bezbednosnih i vojnih teoretičara Ruske Federacije u vezi odbrane od pretnji iz informacione sfere. Rezulati analize ukazuju da je teorijski pristup Ruske Federacije u ovoj oblasti primenljiv za Republiku Srbiju koja je u svojim aktuelnim strategijskim dokumentima iz oblasti odbrane i bezbednosti naglasila potrebu da razvija sistema odbrane od pretnji iz informacionog prostora.

The paper presents the contemporary concepts of information and psychological operation in the contemporary environment. The concepts were presented through general theoretical considerations by presenting leading theorists from the US, Russian Federation and the PR China. The concepts explain the goals, content and methods of acting on potential groups and individuals, and the means of information and psychological operation. The goal of the paper is to show that the research problem is not important exclusively for political and military systems, but that groups and individuals are particularly exposed to the challenges and threats in the contemporary environment. Various means of information and psychological activity in the contemporary environment (rumors, fake news) and their consequences such as changing attitudes and behavior of people in political and social processes are presented. An empirical account showing the importance of this topic is an analysis of the European institutions' activities in counteracting fake news during important political processes and elections for the European Parliament.