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Based on the hypothesis that Egyptian farmers maximise economic profits, the multiproduct translog profit function is used to estimated input demand and output supply functions for corn, rice and cotton corps grown in Egypt's Nile delta. It is shown that Egypt's agricultural policies of taxing output and subsidising certain inputs have had a substantial negative impact on agricultural productivity. (DÜI-Sen)

A defining feature of democracies is an independent legal system, where elites and the public alike accept the broader legitimacy of its actions, even if they run counter to political preferences. Existing scholarship suggests that public support for rule of law institutions is rooted in perceptions of procedural fairness. However, amid increasing levels of affective polarization, we posit a partisan presidential heuristic wherein citizens' views of legal institutions are influenced by their partisanship and signals from the president. Through multiple experiments, we demonstrate that support for two key institutions—the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Department of Justice—is substantially derived from the intersection of one's partisan identity and their partisan proximity to the president. These effects are strongest among respondents exhibiting high levels of affective partisanship. Our results suggest that in forming perceptions of the rule of law, partisan politics is increasingly competing with perceptions of procedural fairness, thereby subverting support for legal institutions in the United States.

Literature focusing on individuals with visual impairments has not evaluated the important role perceived motor competence (PMC) plays in promoting moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The purposes of this study were to examine the association between visual impairment level and PMC scores for children ages 3–13, and the association between PMC and physical activity (PA) for children ages 8–13. Results demonstrated a positive association between level of visual impairment and PMC ( rs = .574, p = .025) and a negative, non-significant association between age and PMC ( rs =  −.358, p = .190). For participants ages 8–13, PMC was positively associated with MVPA ( rs = .797, p = .010), while age was negatively associated with MVPA ( rs = −752, p = .019). The findings suggest that children with visual impairments tend to have low levels of PMC. For children ages 8–13, PMC relates with MVPA. As children age, a trend emerges that PMC and MVPA lowers.

Intro -- Preface -- About This Book -- Methodology and Sources -- Spellings, Structure and Organization -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction: A New Cold War? The US-China-Russia Strategic Triangle -- 1.1 Triadic Insecurity: Kinetic Perspectives -- 1.1.1 Rhetoric and Action -- 1.1.2 Grand-Strategic Triangulation -- 1.1.3 A Word from the Clandestine Services -- 1.2 An All-of-Government Endeavor -- 1.2.1 Charge of the 'Dragon-Slayers' -- 1.2.2 Congress Steps up -- 1.3 Back Office Advice -- 1.3.1 RAND's Geopolitical Analyses -- 1.3.2 RAND's Kinetic Calculus -- 1.4 The Russo-Chinese Response -- 1.4.1 A Crystallizing Dyad -- 1.4.2 A Competitive Mindscape -- 1.4.3 The Kremlin Perspective -- 1.5 Dialectic Fluid Dynamics -- 2 Triangular Dynamics in the Imperial Era -- 2.1 Empires Engage -- 2.1.1 Benighted Beginnings -- 2.1.2 Bloody Insurrections and War -- 2.1.3 Flying the US Flag -- 2.2 Power Balances and Frontier Frictions -- 2.2.1 New Treaties and Conventions -- 2.2.2 US-Russian Convergence -- 2.2.3 An Oscillating Sino-US Trajectory -- 2.2.4 From Empathy to Understanding -- 2.3 Denouement of the Old, Ascent of the New -- 2.3.1 Empires Collide -- 2.3.2 Leviathan's Rise -- 2.3.3 Russia in the New Century -- 2.4 Traumatic Transformation -- 2.4.1 Rebellion, Railways, and Narcotics -- 2.4.2 The Chrysalis Bursts -- 3 The Triad Confronts Republican Turbulence -- 3.1 An Empire Vanishes -- 3.1.1 Chaotic Fratricide -- 3.1.2 China and the Great War -- 3.2 China in a Geopolitical Chess-Tournament -- 3.2.1 US Neutrality Versus Russo-German Kinetics -- 3.2.2 Russia Transformed -- 3.3 Triadic Fluidity -- 3.3.1 A Forgotten Campaign -- 3.3.2 Meanwhile, in China -- 3.3.3 US-Soviet Malarkey -- 3.4 Sino-Soviet-Japan Linkages -- 3.4.1 China's Fragmented Polity -- 3.4.2 The Russia-China-Japan Triangle -- 3.5 New Diplomatic Deals.

1. Introduction -- 2. Fear Factor - Strategists vs. Bankers -- 3. Belt-and-Road: An Evolving Network -- 4. East Meets West: Belt and Road Initiative's Eclectic Origins -- 5. Case Study 1: The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor -- 6. Case Study 2: The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road -- 7. Conclusion: Geoeconomics or Geopolitics?.

This book examines the nature and consequences of strategic competition between the US and China, which affects the global security landscape and the emerging security architecture across the broader Asia-Pacific region. The author illustrates the evolution of Sino-US security interactions from the anti-Soviet alliance, to temporary marginalization, to eventual strategic competition and examines cases that could potentially escalate into greater conflicts. The analysis offers tantalizing glimpses into both the dangers and promising opportunities presented by this strategic fork in the road, m

This book examines the critical changes to the Asia-Pacific security architecture emerging in the context of shifts in the global order as the Obama Administration's major strategic innovation and likely legacy unfold. The author reviews the state of the international security system during the Obama presidency, recording the Administration's Asia-Pacific inheritance, and tracing its efforts to chart a collaborative course aimed at retaining US primacy amidst strategic turbulence. While security discourses are coloured by relative US decline' and China's rise,' the book points out the competitive-cooperative complexity of interactions, with symbiotic economic ties moderating rivalry. Focusing on the military-security cutting edge of Sino-US dynamics, the narrative outlines the dangers posed by extreme nationalist dialectics in an interdependent milieu. It examines the policies of Japan, Australia, India and Russia towards the evolving Sino-US diarchy, while recording Washington's and Beijing's contrasting approaches to these allies and possible adversaries. The book concludes with observations on the loss of definition and clarity as the system evolves with multiple actors bidding for influence, and the need for statesmanship as the systemic fulcrum moves from the Atlantic to the Pacific. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of International Politics, Asian Politics, American Politics, International Security and International Relations.

This book underscores the dominant themes in post-1990 analyses of reasons behind the demise of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War in relation to the increased US commentary about the potential threats perceived in an emerging China.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- List of Appendices 1-12 -- List of Annexures 1-14 -- Dramatis Personae -- Chronology of Key Events -- Preface -- Map -- Introduction -- CHAPTER 1: The Early Treaties -- CHAPTER 2: Histrionics in the High Himalayas -- CHAPTER 3: The Kashmir Fallout -- CHAPTER 4: Covert Collaboration in Diplomacy and War -- CHAPTER 5: War Clouds Gather -- CHAPTER 6: The Denouement -- CHAPTER 7: Epilogue -- Appendices 1-12 -- Annexures 1-14 -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.